By Jesse Ruediger

Outline 1.  Picture    2.  Introduction  3.  Family  4.  Childhood  5.  Timeline    6.  Characteristics  7.  What  he  explored  8.  Who  he  admired  9.  What  he  invented  or  discovered  10.  How  his  inventions  changed  the  world  

Isaac  Newton  

Introduction   Isaac  was  one  of  the  greatest  early  scientists  (before  Albert  Einstein)  

 Born  Christmas  Day,  1642  in  Woolsthorpe,  England    3 months premature, no one thought that he would

live   Father  died  3  months  before  born   Died  in  London  on  March  31st,  1727  (85  years)  

Family   Mother's  name  was  Hannah  Ayscough    Father  died  3  months  before  he  was  born   Mother  remarried  a  man  named  Barnabas  Smith,  a  wealthy  rector,  when  Isaac  was  3  years  old  

 He  had  to  go  and  live  with  his  grandma   Most  of  their  family  income  came  from  raising  sheep  for  the  wool  

Childhood    Isaac  was  lonely  and  always  by  himself   Mother  married  twice  and  both  fathers  died   Mother  wanted  him  to  become  a  farmer  when  he  grew  up  (didn’t  want  to)    

   Went  to  a  school  called  King  School  until  age  17   Went  to  The  Trinity  College  after     Education  was  not  important  for  this  family   Was  very  religious  

Timeline  1  of  3    December  25th,  1642  -­‐  Isaac  is  born    1646  –  mother,  Hannah  remarried  and  moved  away    1653  -­‐  death  of  Hannah's  second  husband    1661  -­‐  Isaac  enrolls  in  Trinity  College,  in  Cambridge,  England    July  1662:  ·∙Founding  of  the  Royal  Society    1665:  ·∙Newton  receives  his  Bachelor  of  Arts  from  Trinity  College    1666:  ·∙Fire  in  London.  Outbreak  of  plague  drives  Newton  to  retire  

to  his  mother's  home  in  Woolsthorpe.      1669:  ·∙Newton  appointed  Lucasian  Chair  of  Mathematics  at  Trinity,  

a  position  he  will  hold  for  the  next  thirty-­‐four  years.    January  11,  1672:  ·∙Newton  elected  to  the  Royal  Society    February  1672:  ·∙Newton's  paper  on  optics  and  his  prism  

experiments  sent  to  the  Society.  Rivalry    with  Hooke  begins.  

Timeline  2  of  3    1670s:  ·∙Newton  works  on  the  mathematics  of  gravitation  in  his  home  in  

Cambridge.    1674:  ·∙Hooke  writes  book  in  which  he  suggests  existence  of  "attractive  powers,"  

akin  to  gravity.    1679:  ·∙Death  of  Hannah  Newton    January  1684:  ·∙Hooke  discusses  principle  of  inverse  squares  with  Christopher  

Wren  and  Halley    August  1684:  ·∙Halley  goes  to  visit  Newton  in  Cambridge,  where  they  discuss  the  

principle  inverse  squares  and  its  relationship  with  planetary  orbits.    November  1684:  ·∙Newton  completes  his  calculations  on  gravity  and  shares  them  

with  Halley,  who  urges  him  to  publish.    February  1685:  ·∙Newton  sends  a  brief  treatise,  Propositiones  de  Motu,  to  the  

Royal  Society,  outlining  his  findings.    April  1686:  ·∙Newton  presents  the  first  book  of  the  Principia  to  the  Royal  Society.    September  1687:  ·∙Publication  of  the  complete  Principia  

Timeline  3  of  3    1689:  ·∙Newton  elected  as  Cambridge's  representative  to  Parliament.    1693:  ·∙Newton's  "Black  Year."  He  is  plagued  by  depression  and  insomnia,  and  

apparently  suffers  a  nervous  breakdown  in  September.    1695:  ·∙Newton  appointed  warden  of  the  Mint,  to  oversee  the  implementation  of  a  

new  currency.  He  leaves  Cambridge  and  moves  to  London.    1699:  ·∙Newton  named  master  of  the  Mint.    1703:  ·∙Death  of  Hooke;  Newton  elected  President  of  the  Royal  Society.    1704:  ·∙Publication  of  Optics;  beginning  of  feud  with  Leibniz.    1705:  ·∙Newton  knighted  by  Queen  Anne.    1712:  ·∙Royal  Society  commission,  under  Newton's  direction,  investigates  the  

competing  claims  of  Leibniz  and  Newton  to  having  developed  calculus,  and  decides  in  favor  of  Newton.  

  1713:  ·∙Second  edition  of  the  Principia  published.    November  14,  1714:  ·∙Death  of  Leibniz    1726:  ·∙Third  edition  of  the  Principia  published;  all  reference  to  Leibniz  has  been  

removed.    March  20,  1727:  ·∙Death  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  in  London.    

Characteris:cs    Silent,  thinker   Usually  by  himself  reading  books  or  thinking   Asked  questions  to  himself  about  the  world   His  questions  were  thoughtful;  didn’t  have  simple  answers  

 Did  not  get  along  with  people   Did  not  like  people  to  question  his  thinking  so  he  hardly  published  his  discoveries  

 Not  gracious  of  other  scientists  discoveries  

What  did  he  explore    Light/color   Astronomy   Mathematics   Motion   Gravitational  forces  

Who  did  he  admire/look  up  to   Aristotle  (natural  philosopher)   Nicolaus  Copernicus  (astronomer)     Galileo  Galilei  (astronomer)   Henry  More  (English  philosopher)  

What  did  he  invent/discover    Invented  a  way  to  do  experiments  and  prove  questions  

 Discovered  that  light  was  made  up  of  many  different  colors  

  Invented  the  reflecting  telescope   Discovered  the  3  laws  of  motion   Discovered  gravity  

How  did  his  inven:ons/discoveries  change  the  world  

 We  might  not  understand  the  color  spectrum  of  a  rainbow    

 His  telescope  helped  scientists  get  a  closer  view  of  space  

 All  machines  and  moving  objects  use  his  3  laws  of  motion   For  example  cars,  rockets,  pulleys    

 His  calculus  helps  mathematicians  express  complex  equations  

  Just  imagine  no  Isaac,  possibly  no  modern  technology  

Now  I  am  going  demonstrate  the  3  laws  of  motion.