is india need nuclear power...?

8/7/2019 Is india need nuclear power...?

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Amalkrishna.K.L

Disaster Management [email protected]

IntroductionPresent globalised and consumerised

world need sustainable development

mechanism for the better tomorrow, without

sustainable development we can`t stand here.

Every part of the life need sustainability. For

the energy sustainability SHPs are the good

and viable option for better tomorrow. This

Small Hydro Projects can make a big

difference in many lives


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EnergyEnergy plays a pervasive and

critically important role in the

socio-economy and development

of a country.

The Sun provides energy that can be

captured in the form of solar power,

wind power and hydro-power.

However, there is a need for more R&D fordevelopment of efficient technologies, and the publicawareness of the use of renewable energy resources.

Energy policy of India

Today, India has one of the highest potentialsfor the effective use of renewable energy. Indiais the worlds fifth largest producer of windpower after Denmark, Germany, Spain, and theUSA.

The country has an estimated small-hydropower potential of about 15000 MW.


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Now our installed capacity is about

1,45000MW. According to the 11th plan we have

to increase our energy capacity to 22,0000MW.

By 2010. But current situation shows we are no

where near the target. If the situation continuous

we will not become developed nation

How we can achieve this?

1.Bio-Fuels

2.Wind power

3.Oil

4.Nuclear power

5.Solar Energy


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Here we can see the importance of

What is a DAM?

Water is the vital

resource to support

all forms of life on the earth. Throughout the

history of the world, dams and reservoirs have

been used successfully in collecting ,

storing and managing water

needed to sustain civilization.


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Is it DAM is harmful to human and

environment ?While dams provide benefits to our society, their impacts on the surrounding

also to be address

Resettlement and relocation

Socioeconomic impacts

Environmental concerns

Sedimentation issues

Safety aspects

However, these concerns and impacts can be reduced or eliminated bycareful planning, and the incorporation of a variety of mitigationmeasures.

Significant issues!

There are three interconnected specific issues

that have had particular significance in dam

projects, and which need to be dealt with

differently in future developments. They are

resettlement of displaced people and related

socio-economic issues; changes

to existing fisheries and local resource uses;and effects on ecosystems.


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To ensure the continued and dependabledelivery of benefits from a dam, the ownermust have a comprehensive plan foroperation, maintenance and rehabilitation. Asdams become older, safe performancebecomes a concern. This requires moreattention in the form of inspections,

evaluations, modifications and upgradingof the older dams so they meet currenttechnology, statutes and regulations

Learning the lessons from

previous dam projects is

mandatory before similar

new initiatives areundertaken

Dam safety activities include monitoring structural

performance, developing emergency action plans,

training of dam operators, exercises involving the local

officials and population and implementing risk

reduction actions.


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DAM and development

Our vision and mission Vision

The development and management of water and energyresources address the full range of options and are attainedthrough institutionalized participatory and transparentdecision-making processes to achieve sustainable outcomesthat benefit all.

Mission

Promote improved decision-making, planning and

management of dams and their alternatives ,core values andstrategic priorities and other relevant reference materialsthrough promoting multi stakeholder dialogue at national,regional and global levels and producing non-prescriptive toolsto help decision-makers.

Why DAMs are important ?Dams are usually built for one or more engineering andsocio economic purposes

To generate electricity for domestic and industrialuses, and/or for export to obtain income fromforeign sources.

To store water for irrigation of farmland toimprove crop yields and increase the security offood supply.

To hold back water during times of high riverflow to prevent flooding downstream and forrelease during low-flow periods.


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Importance

Rural electrification and development Jobcreation during dam construction and insubsequent industrial and communitydevelopment

Expansion of social services and improvedinfrastructure in the region served by the dam,for example schools,

hospitals, roads

Fishing

Recreational potential of

reservoirs.

Large hydroelectric dams are among the mostcontroversial of all types of developmentprojects. They have been the focus of muchcriticism of the World Bank and otherinternational financing agencies.

I n this context dont think all are alike

500megawatt Pehuenche Hydroelectric Project in Chile

flooded only about 400 hectares of land.By contrast, the Brokopondo Dam in Suriname inundated

about 160,000 hectares of biologically valuable tropicalrainforest and is known for serious water quality and aquaticweed problems, while providing relatively little electricgenerating capacity (only 30 MW).


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SOLUTIONS

Early in a project, at the

concept stage, before site

selection or engineering

plans have been determined, governments, dam

proponents, and planners need to actively involve all

constituents whose lives and rights may be

significantly affected by the proposed dam

development. Stakeholders who may bear the risks of a

development are entitled to be consulted on whether

and how the project should proceed.

SOLUTIONS In this way, ideas that

are flawed can be

eliminated before

commitments are made,

and the best option can be

negotiated with justice and fairness for those

who will bear many of the risks and costs.

Learning the lessons from previous dam

projects is mandatory before similar newinitiatives are undertaken.

`These are something that we can taken care for thecontinuous delivery of results that we need


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Sustainable Development!

Sustainable development has

been defined as meets the needs

of present without compromising

the ability of the future generation.

India`s sustainable work towards reducing

greenhouse gases will ensure that the

country`s per capita emission GHGs will

continue to be low until 2030-31 and it is

estimated that the per capita emission in

2031st will be lower than per capital global

emission of GHG in 2005.


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Sustainable development in India

encompasses a variety of development

schemes in social, cleantech an human

resource segment.

The global trend towards sustainable

development thrust upon cleantech-clean

energy ,clean water and sustainable

agriculture. Which we can achieve throughSHP project especially in Indian context.

Small HydroPowerSHP is the development of hydroelectric power on the scale

serving a small community or industry with less coast and

minimum impact.

The definit ion of SHP varies but generating capacity is up to

10MW-30MW.

The small hydro can be sub divided in to mini hydro and micro

hydro

Mini -1000KW

Micro-100KW

SHP-The hope of future


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Benefits from Hydropower

Hydro power is a clean, domestic and

renewable source of energy.

It does not produce greenhouse gases or other air pollution.

Hydropower leaves no waste.

One time capitalization is required for set up of a HydroPower station.

Like other fuel energy like fossil fuel, Water is not destroyedduring the production of electricity it can be reused forother purposes.

India`s Hydropower Potential


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Cost factor in Hydropower

Hydro power is the largest renewable energysource being used for the generation ofelectricity. In India, hydro power projects with asustain capacity of up to 25MW each fall underthe category of Small Hydro Power(SHP)

India has estimated SHP potential of about15,000MW, of which about 11% has been tapped

so far. The aim is to install 2% additional powergeneration capacity from SHP during the 11th

plan periods.


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Classifications

Classifications of Micro, Mini & SHP in India

Upto 100KW Micro Hydro Power

101Kw to 2000Kw Mini Hydro Power

2001Kw to 25000Kw Small Hydro Power

SHP Potential of India

Potential - 15,000MW.

Identified Potential - 11,356MW (4554 sites).

Installed Capacity - 1975MW (602 projects).

Under Implementation - 649MW (219 projects)


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STATE WISE IDENTIFIED SMALL HYDREL SITES AND POTENTIAL

UP TO 25 MW CAPACITY (as on 31.3.2009)S.No Name of State IDENTIFIED NUMBER

OF SITESTotal Capacity

(in MW)

1 Andhra Pradesh

489 552.29

2 Arunachal Pradesh566 1333.04

3 Assam60 213.84

4 Bihar94 213.75

5 Chhatisgarh164 706.62

6 Goa9 9.10

7 Gujarat292 196.97

8 Haryana33 110.05

9 Himachal Pradesh547 2268.41

10 Jammu & Kashmir246 1411.72

11 Jharkhand103 208.95

12 Karnataka128 643.16

1 3 Kerala 247 708.10

14 Madhya Pradesh 99 400.58

mnre.gov.in/prog-smallhydro.htm

15 Maharashtra253 762.58

16 Manipur113 109.10

17 Meghalaya 102 229.81

18 Mizoram75 166.94

19 Nagaland99 196.98

20 Orissa222 295.47

21 Punjab234 390.02

22 Rajasthan67 63.17

23 Sikkim91 265.54

24 Tamil Nadu176 499.31

25 Tripura13 46.86

26 Uttar Pradesh220 292.16

27 Uttaranchal

458 1609.25

28 West Bengal 203 393.79

29 A&N Island12 7.91

TOTAL

5,415 14,305.47


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The Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources (MNES)

supports

SHP project development throughout the country. So far,

523 SHP projects with an aggregate installed capacity of

1705 MW have been installed. Besides these, 205 SHP

projects with an aggregate capacity of 479 MW are under

implementation.

With a capacity addition, on an average, of 100 MW per

year and gradual decrease in gestation periods and capital

costs, the SHP sector is becoming increasingly competitive

with other alternatives.

Fifteen states have announced policies to attractprivate sector entrepreneurs to set up SHP projects.The state electricity regulatory commissions are nowdetermining tariffs by taking into account thesubmissions of all stakeholders including thedevelopers and the MNES.

For commercial projects, these states have offered siteswith a total potential of over2300 MW.

A number of leading financial institutions and banks including Indian Renewable Energy DevelopmentAgency (IREDA), Power Finance Corporation, RuralElectrification Corporation, IDBI,IL&FC, and commercialbanks have started financing SHP projects.


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Recent trends

More emphasis on Irrigation canal based small

hydro projects (Orissa, A.P)

Investment seen from private sector in grid

connected run off river projects

( Uttaranchal, H.P)

More no of stand alone systems for ruralelectrification being implemented

Recent trends

Improvements in Turbine designs for all small

hydro technologies

Packaged plant developments

Source: MNES, AHEC, Roorkee


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Design of Pico turbines (500W range)

Design of battery chargers from small hydro power

Increase in efficiency Electronic Load Controller formicro hydro

Cost reductions in E&M

Usage of composites for components

Use of COANDA system to improve overall small hydrosystem efficiency

Source: AHEC Roorkee

Hydropower is the leading source of

renewable energy. It provides more than 97%

of all electricity generated by renewable

sources. Other sources including solar,

geothermal, wind and biomass account for

less than 3% of renewable electricityproduction.


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It is the time to re-think how to manage freshwater

resources is one of the greatest challenges facing

the world in the new century. Shape the future

projects to the sustainable development

Dams are one of the greatest inventions ofmankind. It won't be wrong to say that manyof the countries' economies and sustainabilitydepends on the dams in those countries.Dams are very important as they not only area source of water but also save people fromflooding and the most important thing is thatthey provide us with a very cheap source ofproducing energy


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References

K.R.Saxena, V.M.Sharma, 2005, Dams Incidents and Accidents,Tylor and

Francis publications,190-209.

CHRONICLE,ISBN NO-0971-4073 VOL XX NO.9,may 2010,134-144

www.riverkeepers.org

Benefits and concerns about Dams,International commission on Large

Dams.

http;//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_policy_of_India

http;//Indianews.com/2006-06/10698-kalamattend-jatropa-plants-

conservation.htm.Retrived 2006-07-08

When 85 millions of electricity consumers switch off a 60 watts bulb

in peak load time , then we can save 360 mega watts of electricity. if a

450 mega watts of electricity is produced then only consumer get 350

mega watts electricity , cost of production of 1 mega electric watts isnearly in 8 Crore Indian rupees . So if you switch of one bulb in peak

time you can save a 3600 Crore rupees

Thank you

is india need nuclear power...?

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