irish ipv6 task force

Irish IPv6 Task Force - Irish IPv6 Task Force - http://www.ipv6.ie/http://www.ipv6.ie/

Irish IPv6 Task Force

Mobility in IPv6

(MIPv6)


Irish IPv6 Task ForceIrish IPv6 Task ForceIPv6 Training Slide-setsIPv6 Training Slide-sets

1. The Bigger Picture: Why is IPv6 so Important?

2. IPv6 Deployment & Strategy (technical)

3. Introduction to IPv6 Fundamentals (technical)

4. The Business Case for IPv6

5. Mobile IPv6 (technical) <- This slide set is fifth in a series

6. IPv6 Quality of Service (technical)

7. IPv6 Security (technical)


Presentation Presentation StructureStructure

• Introduction

• What is MIPv6 ?

• Components and Terminology

• MIPv6 Operations and Examples

• Applications of MIPv6

• Deployment Challenges

• Summary


IntroductionIntroduction


IntroductionIntroduction

• Mobility in the IPv6 protocol

• Enables a user obtain a unique identifier

when roaming across multiple

heterogeneous networks

• Make a call and handover onto a different

network/access technology without dropping

it


What is MIPv6 ?What is MIPv6 ?



• IPv6 cannot support mobility • If a node changes its link, normally its IPv6

address also changes in order to maintain connectivity.

• Node obtains new address (e.g. through auto configuration )

• Problem: Connection is not terminated gracefully and upper layer applications that use this connection cannot be maintained

• ENTER MIPv6MIPv6 !



• MIPv6 is a protocol for mobile IPv6 hosts

• Enables mobile nodes to roam transparently between wired, GSM/3G and wireless networks without dropping connections

• Maintains a single fixed point of attachment to the IPv6 network

• Requires additions to the IPv6 stack in the form of Mobility Extensions. All nodes are required to install these extensions in order to utilise MIPv6 operations.


Components and Components and

TerminologyTerminology


Components and Components and TerminologyTerminology

• MN ( Mobile Node ) – The node that is roaming across different networks

• HA ( Home Agent ) – The node located on the MN’s home network that records location information and provides packet forwarding for the MN

• CN – ( Correspondent Node ) – A node located on the IPv6 Internet with MIPv6 enabled

• HoA – ( Home Address ) – The IP address of the Mobile node. This can also be a DNS hostname. This normally does not change and is the fixed location for the MN

• CoA – ( Care of Address ) – The Temporary address of the MN while on another network.


Components and Components and TerminologyTerminology

• ASP ( Access Service Provider ) – The provider that enables

internet access to the MN.

• RO ( Route Optimisation ) – A procedure where the MN can talk

directly to a CN bypassing the HA. A peer to peer

communications link


MIPv6 Operations MIPv6 Operations

and and

ExamplesExamples


MIPv6 MIPv6 OperationsOperations

• (0) Mobile Node is currently at its home network.

• Using the IPv6 anycast mechanism it discovers its Home Agent which

records its current location.

• For scalability and redundancy there may be multiple home agents

present. However, the MN will only register against one home agent.

Home Network

Foreign Network

Internet

CN

(1)

HA (2)

(3)

(4)

(5)(0)


MIPv6 OperationsMIPv6 Operations

• (1) MN moves from its home to a foreign network

• Using Auto configuration MN obtains a Care of Address from

the Router Advertisements on the foreign network

• MN must now contact the HA and inform it of the new CoA it

has obtained

Home Network

Foreign Network

Internet

CN

(1)

HA (2)

(3)

(4)

(5)(0)



• (2) An IPsec security association and tunnel is formed between the MN and

HA to pass binding information

• MN sends a Binding Update (BU) to the HA with its Home Address and CoA

• The HA will then store this in its Binding Cache (BC) and return a Binding

Acknowledgement (BA)

• The HA now knows the current location of the MN through its BC

Home Network

Foreign Network

Internet

CN

(1)

HA (2)

(3)

(4)

(5)(0)



• (3) Another node on the IPv6 Internet the CN may wish to contact the

MN and exchange information

• The CN looks up the address of the MN and starts to initiate a

connection to its home network

• The HA will respond on behalf the MN, currently, on a foreign network

Home Network

Foreign Network

Internet

CN

(1)

HA (2)

(3)

(4)

(5)(0)



• (4) Only the HA knows the current CoA of the MN.

• It acts as a intermediary between the CN and MN, passing

information between both nodes through an encrypted tunnel

• VERY COSTLY !! HA could easily become overloaded with a

couple of thousand connections !!

Home Network

Foreign Network

Internet

CN

(1)

HA (2)

(3)

(4)

(5)(0)



• (5) MIPv6 avoids the problems in (4) through the procedure “Route

Optimisation” (RO)

• The CN can talk directly with the MN on the foreign network in a peer to

peer link fashion, bypassing the HA

• CN will “cache” the current CoA of the MN and forward packets directly

to it.

Home Network

Foreign Network

Internet

CN

(1)

HA (2)

(3)

(4)

(5)(0)

omcgann

Dw: Does this require extensions on the CN? If so, does the node in (4) operate without those extensions?


Applications of Applications of

MIPv6MIPv6


Applications of Applications of MIPv6MIPv6

• Unique locator information across

heterogeneous networks (WiFi, WiMax, LAN,

GSM, 3G etc). Applications can maintain

connectivity handover across multiple access

technologies using a fixed identifier

• Seamless handover between mobile devices

( Smooth VoIP handover during a SIP call )


Deployment Deployment

ChallengesChallenges


Deployment Deployment ChallengesChallenges

• Firewall Transversal− Some firewalls/routers may block MIPv6 packets by not

recognising them− Pinholes and Ports will need to be opened to allow

MIPv6 traffic to pass through firewalls. E.G. Binding Information

• Scalability and Redundancy for Home Agents− Multiple HAs required for scalability− HAs must scale for thousands of MN connections

• AAA Infrastructure requirements− MNs need to authenticate firstly against the ASP

(operators) AAA server and possibly get Authorisation for mobility


Deployment Deployment ChallengesChallenges

• Security of binding information− Binding information must be secured, especially in RO to

prevent poisoning of the BC.

• IPv6/IPv4 Interworking.− Solutions for IPv6/IPv4 interworking must be addressed

• All nodes must support MIPv6 for RO− All nodes must support MIPv6 to enable Route Optimisation.

• Bootstrapping MNs and keying against operators infrastructure− MNs must go through a bootstrap procedure for

authentication and network settings requirements


SummarySummary

• MIPv6 allows MNs to roam across multiple networks while still maintaining fixed location information and thus connectivity

• Introduction to MIPv6 operations including new network components

• Applications of Mobile IPv6• What are the deployment challenges that face MIPv6 ?


AcknowledgemAcknowledgementsents

This presentation includes some material from these other sources:

• Enable IST Project, www.ist-enable.org• Microsoft Research Labs

http://research.microsoft.com/mobileipv6/


ContactContact

Mícheál Ó Foghlú

Research Director

Telecommunications Software & Systems Group

Waterford Institute of Technology

Cork Road

Waterford

Ireland

+353 51 302963 (w)

[email protected]

http://www.tssg.org

http://www.ofoghlu.net/log (Personal Blog)

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.tssg.org/

http://www.ofoghlu.net/log


Further Further InformationInformation

Web Sites:

• National Irish IPv6 Centre http://www.ipv6-ireland.org

• Irish IPv6 Task Force http://www.ipv6.ie

• IPv6 ePrints Server (Public Documents) http://www.6journal.org/

• IPv6 Dissemination (Public Training) http://www.6diss.org/tutorials/

Individual Documents/Presentations:

• http://arstechnica.com/articles/paedia/IPv6.ars/1 (Iljitsch van Beijnum, 7th March 2007)

• http://bgp.potaroo.net/ipv4/ (Geoff Huston APNIC, 2006)

• http://www.6journal.org/archive/00000261/02/

WWC_IPv6_Forum_Roadmap__Vision_2010_v6.pdf (IPv6 Forum Roadmap & Vision,

2006)

• http://colab.cim3.net/file/work/Expedition_Workshop/2005-12-

06_Advancing_Information_Sharing_And_Data_Architecture/IPV6/NIST%20ipv6-doc-eai-

v4%2012062005.ppt (Doug Montgomery NIST, 2005)

http://www.ipv6-ireland.org/

http://www.ipv6.ie/

http://www.6journal.org/

http://www.6diss.org/tutorials/


Further Further InformationInformation

Individual Documents/Presentations Contd:

• MIPv6 Linux Software ( MIPL )− www.mobile-ipv6.org

• MIPv6 IETF charter− http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/mip6-charter.html


Thank you!Thank you!

This presentation has been shared under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK:

England & Wales Licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/u

k)by the Irish IPv6 Task Force

(http://www.ipv6.ie)

Please acknowledge this source if you use it for free or for profit