The Evolution from IPv4 to IPv6/IP Next Generation:Opportunities and Challenges

Telecommunications Systems & Software Group

Irish National IPv6 Centre

June 11, 2008

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• The need to fill in the depleting IPv4 address space

• The need to expand addressing capacity to cater for Internet growth and sustainability

• Improved features in IPv6: Auto-configuration, QoS, built-in security, multicast and mobility

• Presenting real IPv6 deployment showcases and moving adoption forward

AgendaAgenda

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• 27/5/08 European Commission Issues a Communication promoting IPv6http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/policy/ipv6/docs/european_day/comm-ipv6-final_en.pdf

• 7/3/08 OECD issues an Economic Report on the IPv4 to IPv6 transitionhttp://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/7/1/40605942.pdf

Recent DevelopmentsRecent Developments

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1. More IP AddressesIPv6: 2128 ≈ 3 x 1038 IPv4: 232 ≈ 4 x 109

Only 15% of the IPv4 addresses have not been allocated. (39 out of 256 blocks)http://www.ipv6forum.com/ipv4_exhaustion.php

Benefits of IPv6Benefits of IPv6

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Benefits of IPv6Benefits of IPv6

APNICAsia & Pacific

LACNICSouth America &

Caribbean

RIPEEurope, Middle East & Central

Asia

AfriNICAfrica

ARINNorth America

RIRs

39 /8 blocks remaining

ICANN/IANA

http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv4-address-space

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Benefits of IPv6Benefits of IPv6

Taken from http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/index.html - being used by RIPE

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1. More IP Addresses

Workaround is NAT.– Additional work and maintenance.– No P2P applications.– Two levels of internet citizen.

Benefits of IPv6Benefits of IPv6

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2. Quality of Service

IPv4 ToS is little used – delays.

IPv4 contains • Traffic Class• Flow Label• Routing Extension Header• Hop-By-Hop Extension Header

Benefits of IPv6Benefits of IPv6

Further

Development

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3. Security

• IPSec - Security at the Network Layer is an Integral part of IPv6.

• Authentication Header.

• Encapsulating Security Payload Header

Benefits of IPv6Benefits of IPv6

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4. Direct Connectivity

5. Full Peer-to-Peer functionality.

6. Multicast.

Benefits of IPv6Benefits of IPv6

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Another advantage of IPv6 is

IPv6 BackgroundIPv6 Background

The Future

All research is taken place on IPv6. Future enhancements include:

• Autonomic Network Computing• The Internet of Things

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EFIPSANS

Project 2008-2010

• Studies into how Autonomic Network Management can be implemented in IPv6.

• Will lead to standards being set in this area.

EU pushing for all European funded research to use IPv6.

IPv6 Research ExamplesIPv6 Research Examples

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The Internet of Things

Sensors

• Security

• Climate

Huge amounts of commercial and research in both of these areas.

IPv6 Research ExamplesIPv6 Research Examples

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Example:

Keio University on their WIDE project, used in-vehicle transmitters to track 60 taxis in Yokohama to determine congestion and rainfall.

Internet ITS Project tracked 1570 cars in Nagoya

These two parameters are extremely relevant to their business.

http://www.iepg.org/july2002/notes.html

http://ir.nul.nagoya-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2237/10030/3/Journal2004_TM_NU__final.pdf

IPv6 Research ExamplesIPv6 Research Examples

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Broad

Converting to IPv6Converting to IPv6

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Broad Strategies for IPv6 and IPv4 world

• Dual Stack – Running both IPv6 and IPv4• Tunnelling – Hide IPv6 inside IPv4 / UDP / …• Translation – Convert IPv6 into IPv4• Proxies – Someone speaks IPv6 on your

behalf

Living in a Dual WorldLiving in a Dual World

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• IPv6• IPv6 Task Force• European Commission• OECD

Promoters of IPv6Promoters of IPv6

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Public and Private sector joint effort to promote the deployment and awareness of IPv6.

IPv6 Task Force IrelandIPv6 Task Force Ireland