inverters and energy storage...confidential property of schneider electric storage media evolution...

Confidential Property of Schneider Electric

Presented by: Lance Haines, SE Power System Engineering

Scott Higgins – Distributed Energy and Microgrids

Inverters and Energy Storage – Key to providing utility

and customer services in the new energy economy


Schneider Utility Landscape – Services, and Products


Microgrid Forms –Prosumer Owned Assets “behind the meter”

Control Driver – Economic Optimization, Reliability


Microgrid Forms – Independent Power Producer owned Assets

Control Drivers – Selling Power and Services, ROI on Assets


Microgrid Forms – Utility Owned/Controlled Assets

Control Driver - Stability, Reliability, Resiliency for All Customers

- Overview of BESS, Inverters value streams to consumer and grid

- Inverter Technology Evolution

- BESS Technology Evolution

- Key Case Studies

Confidential Property of Schneider Electric |

Agenda


Energy Storage Value Proposition as a Non Wires Alternativea

From individual consumer, to grid services, to stacking the benefits

Gas Peaker

Substitution

Substation Upgrade

Investment Alternative


Storage Media Evolution> Power Control Systems works with different types of battery technologies. Each energy storage application has a

unique set of requirements such as power density, energy density, daily cycling, temperature and other. This is why we

make sure to work with the best battery technologies for each application and tailor a solution for each project

requirements.


Inverters: Switching – the key to Power ElectronicsHow do we convert from DC to AC anyhow? What is Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)?

DER Plant Controller – Solution Range

PPC Evolution: Dedicated to PV plants with storage

• Power factor - response time in the order of seconds

& automatically processed set points

• Reactive power - response time in the order of seconds


• Voltage control - response time in the order of seconds


• Frequency control - response time in the order of seconds

based on detected over/under frequency

• Ramp Rate control - response time in the order of seconds

due to rapid decrease/increase in irradiation or

curtailment or release of curtailment from the utility

• Control of capacitor banks, shunt reactor and STATCOM


Inverters are quite digital in their power conversion (i.e. no rotational inertia)

Switching frequencies range from a few kHz to MHz (when really small matters)

Everything depends on how the control system operates:

• Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) - the control loops are trying to maintain ideal voltage and frequency, no

matter what the current

‒ if current is too high, typical behavior is to trip off

– thermal time constants of IGBT's make issuing and heeding warnings very challenging

‒ if two different voltage sources are connected to the same node, a control system must be in place that

prevents them "fighting" (because they'll never be perfectly matched)

• Current Source Inverter (CSI) - the control loops accept the voltage as-is, then regulate real

power/current and reactive power/current

An islanded system must have at least one voltage source (aka “anchor” resource)

Types of InvertersWhat’s a VSI? What’s a CSI? What’s an “anchor” resource?


New modes attempt to add more value by harnessing the power of digital control

• Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM) - mathematically simulates rotational inertia, potentially allowing

inverters to "play nice" with a grid dominated by rotating synchronous machines

• Non-linear modes harness inverters’ speed to do things that rotating machines can’t

Inverters Creating New ValueEvolving rapidly in capabilities that enhance distribution systems


Switching – the key to Power Electronics




- Key Case Studies


Agenda


Different methods & options enable installation in all geographies

and environmental conditions…

ES box ST+• 540kVA to 2.04MVA

Grid

Battery container

Inve

rte

r

EN

CL

OS

UR

E

ESControl

LV/MVPadmount

Transformer

LV/MVTransformer(Optional)

Filter Box(Optional)

MVSwitchgear

AuxiliaryPower

Battery Combiner

Inve

rte

r

Inve

rte

r


Conext Smartgen…next generation inverter platform

Designed for 30 years service life– Corrosion proof aluminum construction

– SEALED electronic compartment

– Ruggedized liquid cooling system

eliminates heat production at the source

– Very user friendly design optimized for

easy serviceability

• Only one major mid-life maintenance

over the complete life

Electrical characteristics• 1500VDC platform

• Different size options

– 1.3MVA up to 2MVA

• VSC mode

– Grid forming controls for

commissioning without genset

– Islanding functionality for off grid

applications

Conext SmartGen SkidUp to 4MW on a single skid

1 Inverter – Up to 2MVA

2 Inverter – Up to 2MVA




- Key Case Studies


Agenda

The EcoBlade™ Products


Residential Systems

Rack Systems Pod Systems

Containerized Systems

Battery Modules

Power Conversion Modules

EcoBlade Inverter

Strategy

Power Conversion sized

and built into the battery

system allows Grid

Forming or Following

Power Conversion

Module (PCU)

Pre-Fab

Pod

Inverter Rack

The AC Rack

Or for Battery modules to

be paired up with external

Grid Connection Skid

EcoBlade™ Rack Solutions

The EcoBlade™ AC Rack

Applications:

- Time of Use management

- Demand Charge management

- Small scale renewable integration

- Back up power

- Small microgrids

Includes rack mounted battery modules, PCU and BMS

The EcoBlade™ DC Rack

Specifications:

- Energy: > 100 kWh

- Weight: <1500 Kg

- Dimensions: OCP IT Rack

- ≈2U height per blade

Includes rack mounted battery modules and BMS

Applications:

- Bulk storage

- Investment deferral

- Large scale renewable integration

- Ancillary services

- Large microgrids

Control System Topology

XML

System Level Controller

DNP3

MODBUS

IEC61850

Transformer TemperatureBreaker Positions

EPO

Control Systems Interface(to customer controls)

General I/O

POD Control

PLC #1

EcoBlade Rack # 20 BMS




POD Control

PLC #2





POD Control

PLC #3





POD Control

PLC #N





SSL

Inv. Control

PCU Rack # 10 BMS

PCU Rack # 9 BMS

PCU Rack # 2 BMS

PCU Rack # 1 BMS

Fiber/Copper Switch




- Key Case Studies


Agenda

• Utility: PREPA

• ~5GW of utility generation capability, but generation is not ideally located vs. loads

• Leads to voltage, frequency issues

• Can be considered to operate as a very large-scale microgrid

Microgrid Services - VAR

Management in Puerto

Rico

●Many solar developers have acquired land in PR

● 300MW+ of PV interconnection applications

● PREPA has Minimum Technical Requirements that solar plant must meet in order to maintain system stability

● Voltage Regulation

● Frequency regulation

● Ramp rate regulation

● Typically requires energy storage and capacitor bank and/or STATCOM/DSTATCOM

PREPA Minimum Technical Requirements (MTR) must be met for PV Facility (PVF) interconnection

●Voltage Ride Through

●Reactive Power for Voltage Regulation

●+/- 0.9 PF dynamic capability

●+/- 0.85 PF steady-state

●Response time less than 1 second

●De facto requirement that dynamically

controllable source of reactive power needed for +/- 0.85 PF

● PVF must attempt to regulate POI voltage to PREPA setpoint (not run at constant PF)

PREPA MTR (continued)

●Frequency Response – up to

+/-10% rated power from PVF

●Frequency Ride Through

●Ramp rate control – smoothing comes from Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)

Currently under construction

• COD 4Q2016

• Schneider PV inverters, BESS

inverters, SCADA, and PPC

• Saft Li-ion battery containers

Fonroche Humacao PV plant


Currently under construction

• COD 1H2016

• Schneider PV inverters, BESS

inverters, SCADA, and PPC

• Saft Li-ion battery containers

“Immune" to intermittent renewable

resources

Corsica “Dispatchable” PV plants


• Shifting the electrical consumption

from on peak hour to off peak hour,

while ensuring the comfort of the

occupant

• Example 1: charging an energy storage

system during off peak period and

discharging it during on peak period

• Example 2: consuming electricity with a

HVAC during off peak period (pre heating

or pre cooling) and reducing its electrical

consumption during peak period


Energy bill optimization

Tariff management – Load shifting

• Optimizing DER Start/Stop based

on electricity tariff and building

occupancy

• Example 1: starting and stopping an

HVAC system at the right time

during the day for ensuring the

comfort of the building occupant and

avoiding wasting energy

Tariff management –

optimum start/stop


Energy savings and energy bill

optimization

• Shaving the consumption peak in order to

reduce demand charge or to avoid paying

penalties

• Example 1: shedding an HVAC during a

peak consumption period, while ensuring the

comfort of the building occupant

• Example 2: discharging an energy storage

system or turning on a distributed generation

asset during a peak consumption period

Demand charge – peak

shaving


Energy bill optimization

Power Limit

• Consume energy produced

locally first, import energy

second

• Example 1: charging an energy

storage system with the extra

amount of electricity produced

by a PV system and consuming

it later during the day

Self consumption


Being greener and energy bill

optimization

• Performing load curtailment following a

Demand Response request

• Can be performed as demo “manually”

or via OPEN ADR with a utility /

commercial aggregator who can bid on

the energy market

• Example 1: answering and performing

automatically Demand Response

requests (for instance load curtailment

with a HVAC or an energy storage

system) sent by a commercial aggregator

through OPEN ADR

Demand Response – Load

curtailment


Energy bill optimization and

contributing to the grid reliability

inverters and energy storage...confidential property of schneider electric storage media evolution...

Documents