Introduction to Storm Water Phase II

Pennsylvania Department ofPennsylvania Department of

Environmental ProtectionEnvironmental Protection

Who Am I?

Keith Dudley, P.E.Keith Dudley, P.E. 10 Years, PADEP, Water Management, 10 Years, PADEP, Water Management,

Permits SectionPermits Section Job Duties:Job Duties:

NPDES PermitsNPDES Permits Storm Water Phase I PermitsStorm Water Phase I Permits Storm Water Phase II PermitsStorm Water Phase II Permits

Who Are You?

Environmental Advisory Council Environmental Advisory Council Members?Members?

Environmental/Watershed Organization Environmental/Watershed Organization Members?Members?

Municipal Officials?Municipal Officials? Township Engineers?Township Engineers? Others?Others?

Storm Water – What Is It?

Surface runoff from a rain or snow event.Surface runoff from a rain or snow event. Flows in natural or man-made collection Flows in natural or man-made collection

systems.systems. Nature: meadows/forests > swales > Nature: meadows/forests > swales >

wetlands/streams > rivers > ocean.wetlands/streams > rivers > ocean. Man-made: parking lots, roofs, roads > Man-made: parking lots, roofs, roads >

gutters/curbs > storm pipes > stream.gutters/curbs > storm pipes > stream.

Nature – Before We Build

Soaks into ground for use by plants/trees.Soaks into ground for use by plants/trees. Vegetation and soil act as a filter, removing Vegetation and soil act as a filter, removing

sediment and slowing speed of water.sediment and slowing speed of water. Water is infiltrated to recharge groundwater Water is infiltrated to recharge groundwater

aquifers for drinking wells and builds base aquifers for drinking wells and builds base flow for rivers. flow for rivers.

Humans – After We Build

Asphalt, Concrete & Buildings = Asphalt, Concrete & Buildings = Impervious Surfaces (water can’t soak in).Impervious Surfaces (water can’t soak in).

Increase in runoff quantity.Increase in runoff quantity. Increase in pollution of runoff.Increase in pollution of runoff. Decrease in groundwater recharge.Decrease in groundwater recharge. Results in downstream habitat destruction Results in downstream habitat destruction

and flooding.and flooding.

We’re Starting To Get It!

Realize we need to change the way we’ve Realize we need to change the way we’ve been handling storm water.been handling storm water.

Treat it as a Treat it as a resourceresource, NOT a nuisance., NOT a nuisance. Change is sometimes long & slow.Change is sometimes long & slow. Started with environmental groups > federal Started with environmental groups > federal

government > states > municipalities.government > states > municipalities.

Storm Water Regulations

Phase I – EPA 1990, PADEP 1992Phase I – EPA 1990, PADEP 1992 Largest cities first (Philadelphia & Allentown)Largest cities first (Philadelphia & Allentown) Industrial sites (ten categories)Industrial sites (ten categories) Construction sites (> 5 acres)Construction sites (> 5 acres)

Phase II – EPA 1999, PADEP 2003Phase II – EPA 1999, PADEP 2003 Designated small MS4sDesignated small MS4s Construction sites (> 1 acre)Construction sites (> 1 acre)

What’s a Designated Small MS4?

Designated = >1000 people per square mile Designated = >1000 people per square mile and located near an urbanized area and located near an urbanized area (Philadelphia, Trenton & Wilmington)(Philadelphia, Trenton & Wilmington)

Small = less than 100,000 peopleSmall = less than 100,000 people MS4 = MS4 = MMunicipal unicipal SSeparate eparate SStorm torm SSewer ewer SSystem (M + four S’s)ystem (M + four S’s)

Separate Storm Sewer System

Series of curbs, gutters, ditches, channels, Series of curbs, gutters, ditches, channels, pipes or any other means of conveying pipes or any other means of conveying water, that was specifically put in place to water, that was specifically put in place to handle only storm water runoff.handle only storm water runoff.

Does NOT include combined or separate Does NOT include combined or separate sanitary sewers.sanitary sewers.

Parts can be natural. (i.e. pipe to swale)Parts can be natural. (i.e. pipe to swale)

What is Goal of Phase II?

Protect the environment from negative Protect the environment from negative effects of runoff from human activities.effects of runoff from human activities.

Another step towards meeting the Another step towards meeting the requirements of the Clean Water Act of requirements of the Clean Water Act of 1972.1972.

Catch some of the problems we missed with Catch some of the problems we missed with Phase I.Phase I.

How Can We Meet this Goal?

Develop a comprehensive storm water Develop a comprehensive storm water management program for each management program for each watershedwatershed..

Design the program using today’s Design the program using today’s technology and knowledge.technology and knowledge.

Implement the program.Implement the program. Maintain the program. Maintain the program.

What Will the Program Do?

Reduce the discharge of pollutants Reduce the discharge of pollutants (including increased quantity) from a (including increased quantity) from a designated separate storm sewer system to designated separate storm sewer system to the “maximum extent practicable.”the “maximum extent practicable.”

Watershed? MS4?

Watershed – natural drainage basin formed by Watershed – natural drainage basin formed by landscape.landscape.

For a program to work we need to all play by the For a program to work we need to all play by the same rules and to cooperate.same rules and to cooperate.

Here’s where it gets tricky.Here’s where it gets tricky. Multiple municipalities within each watershed.Multiple municipalities within each watershed. Multiple watersheds within a municipality.Multiple watersheds within a municipality.

How Will Watershed Thing Work? Not sure, still figuring it out.Not sure, still figuring it out. ~171 designated small MS4s in SE region.~171 designated small MS4s in SE region. ~10 watersheds in SE region.~10 watersheds in SE region. PADEP’s policy not finalized yet.PADEP’s policy not finalized yet. State didn’t receive any $$ to run Phase II.State didn’t receive any $$ to run Phase II. Most MS4s won’t receive any $$ either.Most MS4s won’t receive any $$ either.

Best Bet is to Share Cost!

Example: 10 MS4s within a watershed.Example: 10 MS4s within a watershed. Cost of Storm Water Management Cost of Storm Water Management

Program (includes plan, implementation Program (includes plan, implementation & maintenance)& maintenance)

Divided by 10 MS4sDivided by 10 MS4s Each MS4 only pays one tenth.Each MS4 only pays one tenth.

All runoff within one watershed should be All runoff within one watershed should be handled by same rules (i.e. master plan).handled by same rules (i.e. master plan).

Coordination/Cooperation

It up to municipalities to work together.It up to municipalities to work together. Not mandatory according to regulations.Not mandatory according to regulations. We think it makes the most sense, both We think it makes the most sense, both

financially and in how effective the financially and in how effective the program will work.program will work.

PADEP will help facilitate cooperation PADEP will help facilitate cooperation wherever possible. (see handouts)wherever possible. (see handouts)

What’s Required by the Regs?

Designated MS4s must submit Phase II Designated MS4s must submit Phase II application by March 2003.application by March 2003.

Application is documentation of how Application is documentation of how discharge of pollutants will be reduced by discharge of pollutants will be reduced by the “maximum extent practicable.”the “maximum extent practicable.”

Maximum Extent Practicable

Develop Storm Water Management Develop Storm Water Management Program.Program.

Periodically evaluate your program.Periodically evaluate your program. Proper record keeping.Proper record keeping. Reports to PADEP.Reports to PADEP.

Storm Water Management Program Specify BMPs for the Six Minimum Specify BMPs for the Six Minimum

Control Measures.Control Measures. Specify measurable goals for the Six Specify measurable goals for the Six

Minimum Control Measures.Minimum Control Measures. Provide an implementation schedule.Provide an implementation schedule. Identify responsible person or entity.Identify responsible person or entity.

What’s a BMP?

BBest est MManagement anagement PPractice.ractice. Schedule of activities, prohibition of Schedule of activities, prohibition of

practices, maintenance procedures and/or practices, maintenance procedures and/or the use of pollution control devices to the use of pollution control devices to reduce discharge of pollution in storm reduce discharge of pollution in storm water.water.

Includes “Paper” and “Physical” BMPs.Includes “Paper” and “Physical” BMPs.

Six Minimum Control Measures

1.1. Illicit Discharge Detection & Elimination.Illicit Discharge Detection & Elimination.

2.2. Construction Site Runoff Control.Construction Site Runoff Control.

3.3. Post-construction Runoff Management.Post-construction Runoff Management.

4.4. Pollution Prevention @ Mun. Operations.Pollution Prevention @ Mun. Operations.

5.5. Public Education and Outreach.Public Education and Outreach.

6.6. Public Involvement and Participation.Public Involvement and Participation.

PADEP to the Rescue!

Storm Water Phase II “Kit.”Storm Water Phase II “Kit.” Generic program that addresses all six Generic program that addresses all six

minimum control measures.minimum control measures. Draft out to public by April…..maybe.Draft out to public by April…..maybe. MS4s can adopt “as is” or can use parts MS4s can adopt “as is” or can use parts

they like and change parts they don’t like. they like and change parts they don’t like.

What Can You Do To Help?

Assist municipal officials with all parts of Assist municipal officials with all parts of storm water management program.storm water management program.

Read through PADEP’s Phase II “Kit.”Read through PADEP’s Phase II “Kit.” Read all about Phase II from other sources.Read all about Phase II from other sources. Get involved with Public Education and Get involved with Public Education and

Outreach activities.Outreach activities. Foster cooperation within watersheds.Foster cooperation within watersheds.

Ideas to Get Across…

Proper use/storage/disposal of chemicals.Proper use/storage/disposal of chemicals. Keep clean rainfall away from pollutants.Keep clean rainfall away from pollutants. Preserve pervious surfaces.Preserve pervious surfaces. Intelligent land use planning.Intelligent land use planning. Post-construction runoff equal to pre-Post-construction runoff equal to pre-

construction runoff.construction runoff.

This is a Good Program!

Many benefits of proper storm water Many benefits of proper storm water management:management: Decreased flooding.Decreased flooding. Improved surface water quality.Improved surface water quality. Improved groundwater situation.Improved groundwater situation. Improved animal habitats.Improved animal habitats. Land preservation.Land preservation.

The End.