introduction to microbiology chapter 1. i. objectives u why microbiology? u what is a microbe? u how...
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Introduction to Microbiology
Chapter 1
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I. Objectives
Why microbiology?
What is a microbe?
How did we learn all this?
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II. Why microbiology
A. Microbes rule! – They are everywhere and shape our visible
world
– They have widest range of diversity
– They have adapted to survive in extremely wide range of environments
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B. Why is microbiology important?
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III. What are microbes?
A. Domains
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And. . .
Viruses
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B. Structure of Microbes
1. Prokaryotic
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2. Eukaryotes
“eu” “karyos”
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C. Identification: structure vs genetics
Bacterial shape
Biochemistry
RNA/DNA
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D. Classification
Linnaeus
– examples» Escherichia coli
» Bacillus megaterium
» Streptococcus faecalis
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IV. Origins:
Earth formed fossil prokaryotes earliest fossil eukaryotes animals all present day life
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V. Distribution:
Most abundant organisms
Soil content
Human content
Absent?
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Why are microbes so successful?
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VI. Historical perspective
Three major epochs
Each marked by advances in methodology
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A. Epoch 1:1660-1850
1. Discovery– Hooke
– Anton van Leeuwenhoek–
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2. How does life originate?
Redi
Needham
Spallanzani
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B. Epoch 2: 1850-1930
1. Ending the spontaneous generation controversy– Pasteur
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2. Microbes as infectious disease agents
Lister
Koch and his postulates
Jenner
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3. Golden Age of Microbiology: late 1800s
Disease agents
Transformation of organic and inorganic matter
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C. Epoch 3: 1930s-present
Antimicrobial agents
Branching out of fields
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And into the new millenium!
Disease
Research
Industry
Biotechnology