introduction to immunology and immunolabeled probes
TRANSCRIPT
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Immunology Overview
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Innate vs Acquired Immunity
• Non-specific, rapid• Physical, Chemical
Barriers• Complex Biochemical
Mechanisms– Fever– Inflammation– Complement– Toll and Nod
• Antigen specific and initially slow
• Memory• Lymphocytes• Humoral and Cellular• Exquisitely Specific
Recognition molecules
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Eukaryote Innate Immunity
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Cells of the Immune System
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The Immune System
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The Clonal Selection Theory
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Primary vs Secondary Response
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Antigenicity
• Antigen - any molecule that binds to and activates the specific receptors of lymphocytes– Immunogenicity
– Specificity• Epitopes
• Some molecules (haptens) have specificity but no immunogenicity -- these need a carrier
– Digoxigenin
– peptides
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DIG - KLH
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Requirements for Immunogenicity
• Foreignness
• High Molecular Weight
• Chemical Complexity
• Degradability
• Host Factors– Genetics– Route of encounter / Adjuvants
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Protein Structure
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Myoglobin Epitopes
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Lysozyme Epitopes
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Compare Epitope Structures
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Antibody Structure
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The 5 Antibody Classes
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Mammalian Antibody Isotypes
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The Immunoglobulin Superfamily
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The Central Dogma
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and GOD said, “Let there be light chains!”
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Light chain exon rearrangement
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“and let there be heavy chains!”
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The Clonal Selection Theory
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Monoclonal Antibodies