introduction to harvard referencing
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Introduction to Harvard (Author-Date) ReferencingDonna Irving – Health Studies Librarian
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What do you already know?
Have you done referencing before? If so what style?
Why is referencing important (as many reasons as you can think of)
What does citation mean?
What is a journal volume?
What are the important parts of a reference?
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Citations (pointers in the text)
Author’s surname (not initials) or name of organisation
and year of publication (Author-Date)
the Dutch people, on average, are the tallest in the world (Leroi, 2004) …
according to the Department of Health (2002) …
Smith’s research (2002) shows that…
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Dark chocolate contains powerful antioxidants called flavonoids which are known to protect the body against cell-damaging free radicals according to Beckett (2000). Some caution is necessary however as key research in this area is funded by the chocolate manufacturer Mars (BBC, 2009). Where there is less controversy is in the effects of chocolate on mood. Mood improvements, sadly, are short-lived (Parker et al., 2006).
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Quotations
“The personal is political” (Hanisch, 2009, p.204)
But keep direct quotations to an absolute minimum.
Useful when the words are famous, significant or very apt.
Too many quotes will show you haven’t done the necessary thinking for yourself
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The reference list
At the end of your work
Full details of the sources you have used
In alphabetical order by author’s surname.
All the authors’ names are given
Not included in word count
Not a bibliography
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Anatomy of a book reference
Means, R., Richards, S. and Smith, R. (2008) Community care: policy and practice. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Author’s name (surname first)
Year of publication
Book TitleName of publisher
Place of publication
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Provide a reference for a book called:
Learning to learn in Nursing Practice. By Kath Sharples. Published by Learning Matters Ltd, in Exeter, in 2009
How would you reference this?
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Sharples, K. (2009) Learning to learn in nursing practice. Exeter: Learning Matters Ltd
How did you do?
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Anatomy of a journal article reference
Dinovitzer, R. and Dawson, M. (2007) Family-based justice in the sentencing of domestic violence. British Journal of Criminology, 47 (4), pp.655-70.
Author’s name (surname first)
Year of publication
Journal Title
Article title
Volume
Issue
Page numbers
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Provide a reference for an article called:
How can we add skills to transform the healthcare system. By Helen Bevan in 2010. Published in Journal of research in nursing. Volume 15, number 2. Page 139
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How did you do?
Bevan, H. (2010) How can we add skills to transform the healthcare system. Journal of Research in Nursing, 15 (2), p.139
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Anatomy of an electronic source reference
Author’s name (surname first)
Year of publication
Source title
Date accessed
urlPublisher (if
ascertainable)
Place of Publication(if ascertainable)
Rutter, L. and Holland, M. (2002) Citing references: the Harvard system [Online]. Poole: Bournemouth University. Available from: http://www.bournemouth.ac.uk/academic_services/documents/Library/Citing_References.pdf [accessed 5 November 2008]
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Websites
You still need Author-Date
Put in [online], URL (web address) and date you saw the page
If you can’t identify the author, cite the title.
BBC (2005) Is chocolate good for you? [Online]. London: BBC. Available from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/hottopics/chocolate/goodforyou.shtml [Accessed 1 November, 2009]
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Try this one:
Provide a reference for a website called:
Personal Care at Home consultationBy DoH in 2010Available from www.dh.gov.uk/en/ConsultationsAccessed 7 April 2012Published by DoH in London
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How did you do?
Department of Health (2010) Personal care at home consultation [Online]. London: DoH. Available from: www.dh.gov.uk/en/Consultations [accessed 7 April 2012].
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Reference List
British Broadcasting Corporation (2009) Is chocolate good for you? [online]. London: BBC. Available from: http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/hottopics/chocolate/goodforyou.shtml [accessed 1 November, 2008].
Beckett, S.T. (2000) The Science of chocolate. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry.
Parker, G., Parker, I. and Brotchie, H. (2006) Mood state effects of chocolate. Journal of Affective Disorders, 92 (6), pp.149-159.
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Key points
Remember it’s the Author-Date style. You need to identify and credit the author.
It’s only a habit – get it right as soon as possible
Check if in doubt – the guide, lecturers or Library staff
When making notes and copies, write on all the details you’ll need for your reference
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Help!
The Harvard referencing guide
Available online through library and blackboard
or print one out Online guide
Library staff can help with referencing
Endnote
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What’s a bibliography
A bibliography is a list of everything you read, whether or not you referred specifically to it (cited it) in your assignment.
References are the full details of the sources you have referred to (cited) in your assignment