Introduction to Energy

SPI.0607.10.1 Distinguish among gravitational potential energy, elastic

potential energy, and chemical potential energy.

SPI.0607.10.2 Interpret the relationship between potential and kinetic

energy.

What is Energy?• Energy is the ability to do work.• Work is the transfer of energy.

• Work occurs when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force.

What is Energy?• What is the relationship between work

and energy? (Discuss with your neighbor.• You can not have one with out the other

What are the Two Types of Energy?• Kinetic Energy is the energy of

motion.• Potential Energy is the energy of

shape or position (stored energy.)

Examples of Kinetic Energy

Cheetah Running Dolphins Jumping

Examples of Potential Energy

Gravitational Potential

Elastic Potential

Chemical Potential

What is Mechanical Energy?• Mechanical energy is the total

energy of motion and position of an object.

• Mechanical energy = Kinetic energy + Potential energy

Examples of Mechanical Energy

Weight Lifting Running Engine

3 Kinds of Potential Energy

Elastic Potential energy - energy stored in stretched out items. After the item is stretched it returns to its original position or shape. Ex: bow strings, rubber bands

Gravitational Potential Energy -energy given to an object after it has been lifted or elevated Ex: book on a shelf

Chemical Energy• Energy stored in the bonds of

chemical compounds • Example: a battery

Examples of Potential Energy

Gravitational Potential

Elastic Potential

Chemical Potential

5 Kinds of Kinetic Energy

Thermal Energy• the energy of an object due to the

kinetic energy of its atoms & molecules. • Also known as radiant energy• More kinetic energy = hotter• Example: the sun

Electrical Energy• energy made available by the flow

of an electric charge through a conductor

• Example: hair dryer

Light Energy• the energy of electromagnetic

radiation• Example: light bulb

Sound Energy• energy associated with the

vibration or disturbance of matter• Example: radio

Nuclear Energy• The energy associated with changes

in the nucleus of an atom through fission or fusion.

• Example: nuclear power plant

Nuclear Energy• Everything is made up of atoms!

• They are made of protons, neutrons and electrons.

Nuclear Energy• In order to create nuclear power an atom

must either be split (fission) in two or joined (fusion) with another atom.

• This is not a process that is easily done. It requires a lot of work and highly qualified people – as well as advanced technology.