introduction to cellular energy. energy! energy! everyone needs it. why? where does almost all of...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Introduction to Cellular Energy. Energy! Energy! Everyone needs it. Why? Where does almost all of the energy for living systems come from? The SUN! Autotrophs](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082710/56649e5f5503460f94b59479/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to Cellular Energy
![Page 2: Introduction to Cellular Energy. Energy! Energy! Everyone needs it. Why? Where does almost all of the energy for living systems come from? The SUN! Autotrophs](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082710/56649e5f5503460f94b59479/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Energy!•Energy! Everyone needs it. •Why?•Where does almost all of the
energy for living systems come from?
•The SUN!•Autotrophs (producer) - create
their own organic material•Heterotrophs
(consumer) – consume/eat their organic material
![Page 3: Introduction to Cellular Energy. Energy! Energy! Everyone needs it. Why? Where does almost all of the energy for living systems come from? The SUN! Autotrophs](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082710/56649e5f5503460f94b59479/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Photosynthesis• The main process used by autotrophs• 6H2O +6CO2 + sunlight C6H12O6 +
6O2 • It end goal is to produce organic
material (C6H12O6) some of which will be used as food; much of which will be used as building materials for the autotroph
• There are two steps▫Light reactions/light dependent
reactions – transforms the sunlight into usable energy
▫Calvin cycle/light independent reactions/dark reactions – using the energy from step 1, it will create organic materials from CO2
![Page 4: Introduction to Cellular Energy. Energy! Energy! Everyone needs it. Why? Where does almost all of the energy for living systems come from? The SUN! Autotrophs](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082710/56649e5f5503460f94b59479/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Chloroplast• Found in plants, algae, and some protist• Two membranes• Inside the second membrane is a set of membranes called the
thylakoids.• Stacks of thylakoids are called grana• Surrounding the grana
is a fluid called the stroma
• Believed to be the second organelle formed
![Page 5: Introduction to Cellular Energy. Energy! Energy! Everyone needs it. Why? Where does almost all of the energy for living systems come from? The SUN! Autotrophs](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082710/56649e5f5503460f94b59479/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Pigments•The chloroplast contains
chlorophyll•Chlorophyll a – absorbs red light•Chlorophyll b – absorbs blue light•Neither absorbs much green•Chlorophyll a directly absorbs the
sunlight for the light reactions. Chlorophyll b assists.
•Chlorophyll is very abundant in the leaves, hence why they are green.
•Chlorophyll break down in the fall which is why plants turn shades of reds and yellows. They only have carotenoids left.