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PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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Page 1: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Page 2: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

How do organisms get energy?

• Autotrophs and Heterotrophs–Autotrophs – organisms that

can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food.

Page 3: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

How do organisms get energy?

• Autotrophs and Heterotrophs–Heterotrophs – organism that

obtains energy from the foods it consumes

Page 4: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Chemical Energy and ATP ATP (adenosine triphosphate) = The

principal chemical compound that living things use to store energyo ATP = 3 Phosphate groups

Page 5: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

ADP (adenosine diphosphate) has a very similar structure to ATP, but with only two phosphate groups. o ADP = 2 Phosphate groups

Page 6: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Chemical Energy and ATP• The energy stored in ATP is released

when ATP is converted to ADP. The breaking of the bond between the second and third phosphate group releases this energy.

Page 7: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Chemical Energy and ATPATP ADP

Fully charged battery

Partially charged battery

   

Page 8: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Investigating Photosynthesis• When a tiny seedling grown into a tall tree

with a mass of several tons, where does the tree’s increase in mass come from? From soil? From water? From air?

Page 9: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Investigating Photosynthesis Van Helmont – 1600s

oWanted to know if plants grew by taking material out of the soil.

oWeighed a pot of dry soil and a small seedling. He watered it regularly and at the end of five years the seedling had gained 75 kg. The mass of the soil was exactly the same.

oHelmont concluded that the mass gain came from water

oHE WAS WRONG

Page 10: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Investigating Photosynthesis Priestly – 1700soPut a candle under a bell jar, the

fire went out. Added a small plant and the fire continued to burn for a few days.

Page 11: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Through the work of all these scientists it was discovered that…..

• In the presence of light, plants transform carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and

release oxygen

Page 12: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Investigating Photosynthesis Ingenhousz

o Showed that Priestly’s results were only valid if the plant was exposed to light.

Page 13: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Photosynthesis 6CO2 + 12H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Photosynthesis uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy sugars

Page 14: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Light and Pigments Plants gather the sun’s energy with light-

absorbing molecules called pigments. The plant’s principal pigment is

chlorophyll

Page 15: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Inside a Chloroplast Photosynthesis takes place inside the

chloroplastoChloroplasts contain saclike membranes

called thylakoids (looks like a pancake)oA stack of thylakoids is known as grana

(looks like a stack of pancakes)oThe area outside of the grana, but inside

the chloroplast is known as stroma (kind of like the syrup on the pancakes)

Page 16: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Inside a Chloroplast

Page 17: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

The Chemical Reactions of Photosynthesis

•NADPH Like ATP, the molecule

NADPH can also store energy.oNADP+ + Energy NADPHo So when an organism

breaks down NADPH energy it gets NADP+ and energy

NADPH NADP+

Fully charged battery

Partially charged battery

   

Page 18: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

The Chemical Reactions of Photosynthesis

•Light-Dependent Reactions REQUIRE LIGHT Light-dependent reactions

produce oxygen gas and convert ADP and NADP+ into the energy carriers ATP and NADPH

Harvests the sun’s energy and charges the battery

Page 19: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

The Chemical Reactions of Photosynthesis

•Calvin Cycle Because the Calvin Cycle does not require

light, it is also called light-independent reactions

The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH form the light-dependent reactions to produce sugarUses the energy stored in

the light-dependent reactions to create food.

Page 20: How do organisms get energy? Autotrophs and Heterotrophs –Autotrophs – organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce

Factors Affecting Photosynthesis

Weather oAmount of rainoTemperatureoIntensity of light


Most diverse group Eukaryotic cells Some autotrophs, some heterotrophs Unicellular and multicellular

FUNGI, PROTISTS & MONERA - sharpandsavvy.es · MONERA CHARACTERISTICS 10 • Unicellular. • Heterotrophs (feed on other organisms – break down matter) or autotrophs (make their

Autotrophs= producers: organisms that use photosynthesis to make food Heterotrophs= consumers: organisms that must eat other organisms to get their energy

PHOTOSYNTHESIS Harnessing Energy. Heterotrophs and Autotrophs All living organisms require organic compounds and energy for their cells. Depending on

Chapter 16 Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists –autotrophs, algae, produce food by photosynthesis, –heterotrophs, protozoans, eat bacteria and other protists, –heterotrophs

Unit 3 Skeleton Notes Coach Riordan Bio 1A. Unit 3 Skeleton Notes I. Energy & Life A Autotrophs & Heterotrophs 1. ________________________-organisms such

Producers and Consumers Autotrophs (self-feeders): Make their own organic matter from inorganic nutrients. Heterotrophs (other-feeders): Organisms that

Kingdom Monera All prokaryotic Unicellular Metabolically the most diverse –Photosynthetic autotrophs –Chemosynthetic autotrophs –Chemosynthetic heterotrophs

Photosynthesis. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs Autotrophs are organisms that make their own food Heterotrophs are organisms that need to ingest food to obtain

Photosynthesis Chapter 8. Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Autotrophs make their own food include plants, some protists, and some bacteria Heterotrophs CANNOT

Energy in a Cell The Need for Energy. Cell Energy Autotrophs – make their own food Heterotrophs must get energy from consuming other organisms

Used to show relationships between organisms Type Prokatyote Cell Number Unicellular Nutrition Autotrophs and Heterotrophs Example Probiotics (yogurt and cheese), staphylococcus, streptococcus,

Energy Flow in an Ecosystem. Autotrophs: organisms that manufacture their own nutrients using stored energy or energy from the sun –Examples? Heterotrophs:

Energy-ability to do work Autotrophs-organisms able to capture energy from sunlight and produce their own food (producer) Heterotrophs-organisms

Respiratory System Swenson. Organisms exchange: Oxygen (O 2 ) and Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) A. Heterotrophs and Autotrophs: (e. Humans and plants)

ANIMALS. multicellular, eukaryotic organisms heterotrophs

Chapter 6 Energy and Nutrient Relations Trophic types of organisms Autotrophs: photosynthetic chemosynthetic Heterotrophs: organisms live on organic

· Web viewdistinguish between autotrophs and heterotrophs in terms of nutrient requirements Autotrophic means ‘self-feeding’. Autotrophs are organisms that make their own food

Photosynthesis Chapter 8. Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Autotrophs: Plants and some other types of organisms that use light energy from SUNLIGHT to

Nanoflagellates (mixotrophs, heterotrophs and autotrophs

Cell Respiration. Consumers/ Heterotrophs Autotrophs use sunlight to make ATP and Glucose Heterotrophs – get glucose from eating other organisms and using

Chapter 5: Obtaining energy and nutrients for life Heterotrophs and autotrophs Autotrophs and photosynthesis Heterotrophs and food The digestive system

Ecosystems and Human Interferences Chapter 48. Outline Biotic Components Biotic Components Autotrophs Autotrophs Heterotrophs Heterotrophs Energy Flow

PHOTOSYNTHESIS - Norwell Public Schools / Overvie & HETEROTROPHS • From where does the energy that living things need come? •-• Plants AUTOTROPHS & HETEROTROPHS

Obtaining Energy Autotrophs – auto – troph – - make their own food Heterotrophs – hetero – - eat other organisms to obtain energy

12345 Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called 1.autotrophs. 2.heterotrophs. 3.thylakoids. 4.pigments

PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs SUN Energy for living things comes from the SUN Plants and other organisms use light energy from the sun

Photosynthesis. Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Autotrophs Organisms that use the sun’s energy to make their own food Plants Some bacteria Heterotrophs Organisms

Go to Section: Ch. 8 Photosynthesis. Go to Section: 8-1 Energy and Life Autotrophs – organisms such as plants, which make their own food Heterotrophs

Food Chains Food Webs Energy Pyramids. Autotrophs: Organism that makes own food Heterotrophs: Organism that consumes other organisms

Photosynthesis. Energy & Life Energy, energy, ENERGY! Autotrophs vs. heterotrophs

Photosynthesis. Getting Energy Autotrophs- make their own energy (usually from the sun) Ex. plants Heterotrophs- get energy from other organisms Ex. animals,

Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration. Heterotrophs Vs. Autotrophs Autotrophs/ Producers-Make Their Own Food Using the sun’s energy (i.e. Plants) Heterotrophs

Chapter 8 Photosynthesis. Autotrophs vs. Heterotrophs Autotrophs are organisms that can make their own food ◦ Use light energy from the sun to produce

PHOTOSYNTHESIS. I. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs SUN A. Energy for living things comes from the SUN B. Plants and other organisms use light energy from