introduction to basic electronics
TRANSCRIPT
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Basic Electronics
Lesson 1: INTRODUCTION
Prepared by Engr. Myrna Anot-Cabrera
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Great People who Contributed in the Development of Electronics
THALES -. Wrote about the attraction of straw and dust to fossilized tree sap called amber ( amber is the greek word for electron) 624 -547 BC
CHARLES COULOMB-. Discovered the force between electrically charged objects. The unit of electric charge is coulomb.
1736-1806
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History of ElectronicsALLESANDRO VOLTA – Discovered that electricity is produced when two different metals are in contact with moistened cloth. The Volt is the unit of potential difference1745- 1827
HANS OERSTED - Determined that magnetic field is present when current flows in a wire.Oersted is one unit of magnetism.
1777 - 1851
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History of ElectronicsANDREW AMPERE - Discovered the correct theory of electromagnetic force.
AMPERE is the unit of current. 1775 - 1836
MICHAEL FARADAY- Discovered the principle of electromagnetic inductionInvented the electric motor.
FARAD is the unit of capacitance. 1791 - 1867
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History of Electronics
J.J. THOMPSON – Discovered the electron. The study of the flow of electrons and its uses is called electronics.
He won the nobel prize for Physics in 1906 1856 - 1940
GEORGE OHM – Determined the relationship between current and voltage in an electric circuit .
OHM is the unit of resistance.1789- 1854
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History of ElectronicsTHOMAS ALVA EDISON – Invented the incandescent lamp , phonograph and early film projector
Patented 1093 inventions. 1847 - 1931
SAMUEL MORSE – Invented the telegraph and the code that bears his name.
Sent the first telegraph message in 18441791 - 1872
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History of ElectronicsGUGLIELMO MARCONI – Developed the first practical inventions in radio telegraphy over long distances.Received the first trans-atlantic radio signal in 1901.Received the nobel prize for Physics in 1908
AMBROISE FLEMING AND LEE DE FOREST- Invented the vacuum tubeIn 1902 . Lee de Forest developed the vacuum tube amplifier in 1906.
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History of ElectronicsNick Holonyak, Jr. - invented the first visible-spectrum LED in 1962 while working as a consulting scientist at a General Electric Company laboratory in Syracuse, New York.
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History of Electronics
JOHN BARDEEN, WILLIAM SHOCKLEY AND WALTER BRATTAIN - Invented the transistor in 1948
Received the nobel prize for Physics in 1956
John Bardeen William Shockley Walter Brattain
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History of Electronics
Robert Norton NoyceJack Kilby
ROBERT NORTON NOYCE AND JACK KILBY - Invented the integrated circuit ( IC) in 1958. Noyce was one of the founders of INTEL , the largest chip maker. Kilby invented the calculator and won the nobel prize for Physics in 2000.
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Parts of the simplest circuit• Potential Difference or Electromotive force ( emf) – pushes
the electrons to move , example : battery• Conducting Path – for a complete current flow• Control Element ( switch) – optional – for turning on or off
the current • Load ( Resistance) – the one that converts the electrical
energy into another form example: bulb or resistor
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Basic Electronic ComponentsSWITCHES
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OUTPUT DEVICESLIGHT OUTPUT
SOUND OUTPUT
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FIXED RESISTORS
CARBON COMPOSITION RESISTOR WIREWOUND RESISTOR
METAL FILM RESISTOR SURFACE MOUNT DEVICE( SMD) – CHIP TYPE RESISTORS
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VARIABLE RESISTORS
WIREWOUND POTENTIOMETER
TRIMMER
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CAPACITORSFIXED TYPE
VARIABLE TYPE
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INDUCTORS
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THINGS NEEDED BREADBOARD
ANALOG TYPE DIGITAL TYPE
MULTITESTER
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SOLDERING IRON PLIERS
DESOLDERING TOOL TOOL BOX
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WIRE STRIPPER SOLDERING LEAD
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD FERRIC CHLORIDE
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THINGS TO REMEMBER
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EFFECT OF CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
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Basic Parameters of a Circuit• Voltage or emf ( V) – the force that pushes the
electrons to move, measured in volts ( V)• Current ( I) – the amount of charges flowing in the
circuit / device , measured in ampere ( A)• Resistance ( R) – the opposition to the flow of
current , measured in ohms ( Ω) Ohm’ s Law
V = IR