introduction of mis

8/4/2019 Introduction of MIS

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Introduction of MIS

Management Information System (M.I.S.) is basically concerned with processing data into

information. This is then communicated to the various Departments in an organization for

appropriate decision-making. Data Information Communication Decisions Data collection

involves the use of Information. Technology (IT) comprising: computers and

telecommunications networks (E-Mail, Voice Mail, Internet, telephone, etc.)Computers are

important for more quantitative, than qualitative, data collection, storage and retrieval; Special

features are speed and accuracy, and storage of large amount of data.

Definition: Management Information Systems (MIS) is the term given to the discipline focused

on the integration of computer systems with the aims and objectives on an organization. The

development and management of information technology tools assists executives and the general

workforce in performing any tasks related to the processing of information. MIS and business

systems are especially useful in the collation of business data and the production of reports to be

used as tools for decision making.

Characteristics of a Management Information System

Provides reports with fixed and standard formats. Hard-copy and soft-copy reports. Uses internal data stored in the computer system. End users can develop custom reports. Requires formal requests from users.

Types of information management systems

There are many types of information management systems in the market that provide a wide

range of benefits for companies.

Transaction processing systems (TPS) collect and record the routine transactions of an

organization. Examples of such systems are sales order entry, hotel reservations, payroll,

employee record keeping, and shipping.

Management information systems (MIS) produce fixed, regularly scheduled reports based on

data extracted and summarized from the firms underlying transaction processing systems (TPS)

to middle and operational level managers to provide answers to structured and semi-structured

decision problems.

Decision-support systems (DSS) are computer program applications used by middle

management to compile information from a wide range of sources to solve problems and make

decisions.


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Introduction of ERP SYSTEM

ERP system is a kind of system that integrates management information by managing the flow

of data across an entire organization. It typically implements a common enterprise-wide database

as well as a range of application modules in order to support everyday business activity, for

example finance, accounting, distribution, inventory management, sales, marketing, planning,

manufacturing, project management, human resource and so forth. AnERPsystem is utilized forstandardizing process and storing information as well as recalling that data when it is required in

real time environment.

Enterprise systems, also known as enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems provide an

organization with integrated software modules and a unified database which enable efficient

planning, managing, and controlling of all core business processes across multiple locations.

Modules of ERP systems may include finance, accounting, marketing, human resources,

production, inventory management and distribution.

Supply chain management (SCM) systems enable more efficient management of the supply

chain by integrating the links in a supply chain. This may include suppliers, manufacturer,

wholesalers, retailers and final customers.

Customer relationship management (CRM) systems help businesses manage relationships with

potential and current customers and business partners across marketing, sales, and service.

Knowledge Management System (KMS) helps organizations facilitate the collection, recording,

organization, retrieval, and dissemination of knowledge. This may include documents,

accounting records, and unrecorded procedures, practices and skills.

Key Benefits

Comprehensive financials including accounting, budgeting, financial reporting and more Get instant visibility into real-time financial and operational performance across your

entire company

Streamline all back-office processes across financial management, revenue management,order management, billing and inventory management

Improve accountability and compliance with robust, auditable accounting and powerfulreporting

Reduce IT costs and get automatic upgrades with an ERP solution delivered completelyin the cloud

Get secure access to your financials from anywhereall you need is a web browser ormobile device


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Drives efficient integrated processes from order to cash through to procure to pay.

Evolution of ERP System

The ERP systems evolution tightly followed substantial innovations in the field of computer

software and hardware.

In 1960s, inventory control was the focus of manufacturing systems. Therefore, inventory

control software were designed, modified and applied in order to automate inventory control

based on conventional inventory principles. MRR or Material Requirements Planning systems

were created during 1970s and primarily involved planning product or parts requirements based

on BoM or Bills of Materials and MPS of Master Production Schedules. The evolution of

Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II) occurred in 1980s decade. The MRP II was an

extension of MRP with stress on manufacturing process optimization by synchronizing

production requirements with material delivery. MRP II involved area, like finance, distribution

management, shop floor, project management and human resource.

The following diagram summarizes the ERP system evolution.


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Customer relationship management

Sales and marketing, commissions, service, customer contact, call center support

Dataservices

various "selfservice" interfaces for customers, suppliers and/or employees

Access control

Management of user privileges for various processes

Why organization buy ERP system

The main reason that drives an organization decides to impalement ERP solution is usually

inefficiencies of business process. Together with delivering the obvious advantages of business

process automation, enhanced operational efficiencies and easier accessibility of information,

ERP system implementation surely can fix the system a company executes its day by day

processes.

Organizations think about purchasing ERP system when they deal with a number of complex and

interrelated business troubles. Most of them expect to get business advantages through ERP

implementation, such as :

- Achieving companys financial goals as a result of productivity gains as well as efficiency

resulting from business process automation.

- Managing and streamlining the large-scale the companys operational processes, that may have

raised in complexity due to acquisitions in the recent past or current significant organic growth,

and also acquiring multi-currency, multi-office, multi-geography support

- Replacing or upgrading the existing ERP system that is out of date or not capable of helping the

companys day to day processes

- Obtaining the benefits of improved information management through the enhanced information

accessibility, reduced data duplication and also better forecasting features.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customer_relationship_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customer_relationship_managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call_centerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call_centerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customer_relationship_management


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Ten Things You Should Know about ERP System

1. No exact fit: Know that no ERP package provides features that can precisely fulfill all of the

companys business requirements. A few level of customization and configuration of the ERP

package along with the business process of a company are definitely needed in the course of ERP

system implementation.

2. Modules vs. suite: An organization can implement only few modules as they required or the

entire ERP system suite. Each one can be applied alone or perhaps in conjunction with other

modules

3. You have to mix and match modules: Lots of ERP system modules and functionalities are

contained in different ERP packages. ERP modules are often broadly classified into 3 categories:

sector-specific, cross-industry and extended ERP system modules.

4. Add-on features / functionalities drive ERP: Because of the commoditization of core ERP

features (for instance financial accounting), add-on features, applications of industry-specific, as

well as improvements are getting to be more important and are the actual drivers of the ERP

system market nowadays.

5. Options to On-Premise can be found: The traditional on-premise ERP implementation has

been joined by open source ERP and also on-demand / SaaS ERP as feasible ERP alternatives.

Open source ERP systems have yet to really carve out a place on the market while SaaS ERP

systems, particularly pertaining to HCM and CRM, have started getting traction.

6. Pricing models: The most common pricing model for ERP system is Licensed-based pricing

whereas software expenses paid in advance. A variety of options available in this model consist

of user-based (concurrent user and named user) pricing, package-based pricing, location-based

and / or location based. One more pricing model-subscription-based pricing is typically used for

on-demand ERP systems. In such model, service fees are paid on a periodic or monthly basis.

7. Return On Investment (ROI) expectations: its uncommon when ROI coming from ERP

implementation is seen right away. In ERP case, ROI is recognized from process enhancements

and not only from ERP software. Realignment of business process in any company is determined

by factors, like the process complexity, number of stakeholder involved and the proposed changeuser acceptance, and these normally take time for being effective.

8. Customization or configuration: An ERP system usually needs to be configured / set up in

order to make it perform the way you would like to the extent the system allows. Additionally,

the company has to modify or customize the source code or creating software to fulfill its

requirements. ERP system configuration must always be pursued prior to customization.

Modifications or customization must always be the last effort, since it could potentially cause the


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system being complex, hard to maintain, complicated to integrate with different system and also

nonviable for support of ERP vendor.

9. Implementation: An ERP system implementation is the most important and difficult phase in

the entire process. Inadequate implementation, flawed data migration or conversion and

insufficient support of post implementation can cause even feature-rich software perform poorly.On the other hand, the comprehensive implementation along with good support of post

implementation obviously can make ERP software an excellent fit.

10. Cost components: Along with fees for standard license and implementation services, there

other small unpredicted cost components which can get out of hand as well as can take customers

by surprise. These kinds of expenses comprise big unforeseen modification cost, high and

recurring cost of training, data migration / conversion costs, key ERP team members replacement

cost and maintaining parallel systems cost.

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