ANCIENT GREEK CIVILIZATIONANCIENT GREEK CIVILIZATION

FOUNDATIONS OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION

FOUNDATIONS OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION

MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE ANCIENT GREEKSMAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE ANCIENT GREEKS

• DEMOCRACY• PHILOSOPHY• DRAMA• MATHEMATICS• LITERATURE-MYTHOLOGY• WRITTEN HISTORY• MEDICINE• SCIENCE• SPORTS-OLYMPICS

• DEMOCRACY• PHILOSOPHY• DRAMA• MATHEMATICS• LITERATURE-MYTHOLOGY• WRITTEN HISTORY• MEDICINE• SCIENCE• SPORTS-OLYMPICS

HELLAS

WHAT THE GREEKS CALLED THEIR LAND

HELLAS

WHAT THE GREEKS CALLED THEIR LAND

GEOGRAPHY OF GREECE GEOGRAPHY OF GREECE

• MOUNTAINOUS

• SMALLER RIVERS

• LARGE COASTLINE

• MANY SMALL ISLANDS

• MILD CLIMATE

• MOUNTAINOUS

• SMALLER RIVERS

• LARGE COASTLINE

• MANY SMALL ISLANDS

• MILD CLIMATE

IMPACT OF GEOGRAPHYIMPACT OF GEOGRAPHY

• GREEK CITY-STATES DEVELOP INDEPENDENTLY OF ONE ANOTHER

• POLITICAL FRAGMENTATION

• TRADE AND COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY ALONG THE COASTAL REGIONS

• GREEK CITY-STATES DEVELOP INDEPENDENTLY OF ONE ANOTHER

• POLITICAL FRAGMENTATION

• TRADE AND COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY ALONG THE COASTAL REGIONS

TWO MAJOR DIVISIONS OF ANCIENT GREEK HISTORYTWO MAJOR DIVISIONS OF ANCIENT GREEK HISTORY

HELLENIC PERIOD@2000-323BC

HELLENIC PERIOD@2000-323BC

• EARLY AEGEAN CIVILIZATIONS

• HOMER

• THE CITY-STATE- POLIS

• THE PERSIAN WARS

• THE GOLDEN AGE – -CLASSICAL PERIOD

• PELOPONNESIAN WAR-SPARTA VS. ATHENS

• ALEXANDER THE GREAT

• EARLY AEGEAN CIVILIZATIONS

• HOMER

• THE CITY-STATE- POLIS

• THE PERSIAN WARS

• THE GOLDEN AGE – -CLASSICAL PERIOD

• PELOPONNESIAN WAR-SPARTA VS. ATHENS

• ALEXANDER THE GREAT

HELLENISTIC PERIOD@323 BC-30BC

HELLENISTIC PERIOD@323 BC-30BC

• SPREAD OF GREEK CULTURE

• DIVISION OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT’S EMPIRE

• EXPANSION OF LEARNING

• GREECE COMES UNDER THE CONTROL OF ROME

• SPREAD OF GREEK CULTURE

• DIVISION OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT’S EMPIRE

• EXPANSION OF LEARNING

• GREECE COMES UNDER THE CONTROL OF ROME

EARLY AEGEAN CIVILIZAITONSEARLY AEGEAN CIVILIZAITONS

• MINOANS-LIVED ON THE ISLAND OF CRETE

–NON-GREEK SPEAKING

• MYCENAENS-LIVED ON THE GREEK MAINLAND

–GREEK SPEAKING

• MINOANS-LIVED ON THE ISLAND OF CRETE

–NON-GREEK SPEAKING

• MYCENAENS-LIVED ON THE GREEK MAINLAND

–GREEK SPEAKING

GREEK RELIGIONGREEK RELIGION

• POLYTHEISTIC- many different gods and goddesses • GREEK GODS OFTEN RELATED TO

A ASPECTS OF NATURE – The sea, wind, seasons, etc.

• GODS WERE LIKE HUMAN BEINGS-– ANTHROPOMORPHIC

• POLYTHEISTIC- many different gods and goddesses • GREEK GODS OFTEN RELATED TO

A ASPECTS OF NATURE – The sea, wind, seasons, etc.

• GODS WERE LIKE HUMAN BEINGS-– ANTHROPOMORPHIC

• GREEKS PRACTICED RITUAL S AND SACRIFICE TO APPEASE THE GODS• THEY CONSULTED ORACLES TO

DISCOVER THE FUTURE • GREEK RELGION DID NOT

PROVIDE A STRONG MORAL AUTHORITY OR STANDARD FOR THE PEOPLE

• GREEKS PRACTICED RITUAL S AND SACRIFICE TO APPEASE THE GODS• THEY CONSULTED ORACLES TO

DISCOVER THE FUTURE • GREEK RELGION DID NOT

PROVIDE A STRONG MORAL AUTHORITY OR STANDARD FOR THE PEOPLE

THE GREEK CITY-STATEPOLIS

THE GREEK CITY-STATEPOLIS

• ACROPOLIS-– HILL-TOP FORTRESS, TEMPLES

• AGORA-–MARKETPLACE

• AMPHITHEATER-– DRAMAS AND ORATORY

• GYMNASIUM-– PHYSICAL TRAINING

• ACROPOLIS-– HILL-TOP FORTRESS, TEMPLES

• AGORA-–MARKETPLACE

• AMPHITHEATER-– DRAMAS AND ORATORY

• GYMNASIUM-– PHYSICAL TRAINING

ACROPOLISACROPOLIS

AGORAAGORA

AMPITHEATERAMPITHEATER

GYMNASIUMGYMNASIUM

TWO MAJOR CITY-STATESTWO MAJOR CITY-STATES

• SPARTA– MILITARY STATE

– LOCATED INLAND- NO COASTLINE

– FOCUSED OF CREATING WARRIORS

– HAD A LARGE SLAVE POPULATION (HELOTS)- • OUTNUMBERED THE SPARTANS

– FOCUSED MORE ON PROTECTING ITS INTERESTS AND TERRITORY

– FOUGHT AGAINST PERSIANS AND LATER ATHENS

• SPARTA– MILITARY STATE

– LOCATED INLAND- NO COASTLINE

– FOCUSED OF CREATING WARRIORS

– HAD A LARGE SLAVE POPULATION (HELOTS)- • OUTNUMBERED THE SPARTANS

– FOCUSED MORE ON PROTECTING ITS INTERESTS AND TERRITORY

– FOUGHT AGAINST PERSIANS AND LATER ATHENS

ATHENS ATHENS

– COASTAL LOCATION

–MAJOR COMMERCIAL /TRADE CENTER

–MAJOR NAVAL POWER

– CULTURAL AND INTELLECTUAL CENTER • Center or art, literature, philosophy, learning, etc.

– EVENTUALLY BECAME A DEMOCRACY UNDER PERICLES • Direct democracy where all male citizens voted

directly in making the laws and decisions of the polis

– COASTAL LOCATION

–MAJOR COMMERCIAL /TRADE CENTER

–MAJOR NAVAL POWER

– CULTURAL AND INTELLECTUAL CENTER • Center or art, literature, philosophy, learning, etc.

– EVENTUALLY BECAME A DEMOCRACY UNDER PERICLES • Direct democracy where all male citizens voted

directly in making the laws and decisions of the polis