Interpersonal Behaviour and Group Dynamics

By: Raghav Malhotra MBA Gen.

Presentation On

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES AND RESEARCH

M.D.U. ROHTAK

Interpersonal BehaviorA variety of behaviors involving the ways in which people work

with and against one another

Psychological Contracts

People’s beliefs about what is expected of another in a relationship

Transactional ContractTransactional Contract: A type of psychological contract that is characterized by an exclusively economic focus, a brief time span, an unchanging nature, and is narrow and well defined in scope

Relational ContractRelational Contract: A type of psychological contract in which the parties have a long-term and widely defined relationship with a vast focus

Psychological Contracts

Trust

A person’s degree of confidence in the words and actions of another

Calculus-Based TrustCalculus-Based Trust: A form of trust based on deterrence, whenever people believe that another will behave as promised out of fear of getting punished for doing otherwise

Identification-Based TrustIdentification-Based Trust: A form of trust based on accepting the wants and desires of another person

Developing Trust

How trust developsHow trust develops: Some people tend to be more trusting than others People develop reputations for being trustworthy

How to promote trustHow to promote trust: Always meet deadlines Follow through as promised Spend time sharing personal values and goals

Prosocial Behavior Prosocial behaviorProsocial behavior can be defined as acts

that benefit others in organizations Organizational Citizenship BehaviorOrganizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB)

can be defined as acts that exceed the formal requirements of one’s job

Whistle-blowingWhistle-blowing is the disclosure by employees of illegal, immoral, or illegitimate practices by employers to people or organizations able to effect action

Organizational Citizenship Behavior

Organizational Citizenship Behavior The more people believe they are treated fairly by the

organization: The more they trust its management The more willing they are to go the extra mile to help out when

needed

Although the effects of OCB may be indirect and difficult to measure, they can be very profound

To promote OCB: Go out of your way to help others Be an example of conscientiousness Make voluntary functions fun Demonstrate courtesy and good sportsmanship

Cooperation and Competition Cooperation can be defined as those situations in which

two or more individuals, teams or organizations work together toward some common goal

Factors that contribute to cooperation: Reciprocity principle: the tendency for people to treat others the

way they have been treated in the past Personal orientation: some people tend to be more cooperative,

by nature, than others Organizational reward systems

Competition can be defined as a pattern of behavior in which each person, group, or organization seeks to maximize its own gains, often at the expense of others

Levels of Cooperation/Assertiveness

Collaboration: cooperation and assertiveness

Accommodating: cooperation and unassertive

Compromising: between cooperative and assertive

Forcing: assertive and uncooperative (conflict/competition)

Avoiding: unassertive and uncooperative

Personal Orientations

CompetitorsPeople whose primary

motive is doingbetter than others,

besting them in opencompetition

IndividualistsPeople who care almost

exclusively aboutmaximizing their own gain,

and don’t care whether othersdo better or worse than

themselves

CooperatorsPeople who areconcerned with

maximizing joint outcomes,getting as much as

possible for their team

EqualizersPeople who are

primarily interested inminimizing the

differences betweenthemselves and others

Cooperation vs. Competition vs. Conflict

When cooperatingcooperating with one another, people contribute to attaining the same goal that they share.

However, when competingcompeting against one another, people attempt to attain the same goal, which only one can have.

And, conflict occurs when there are competing goals.

RefrencesBooks

-Robbins, OB, Prentice Hall -LM Prasad,OB, Sultan chand & Sons

Web

www.wikipedea.org www.Pagalguy.com www.freemba.in www.authorstream.com www.CartoonStock.com.

INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES AND RESEARCH ROHTAK