internet peering in the uk keith mitchell [email protected] executive chairman, london internet...
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![Page 1: Internet Peering in the UK Keith Mitchell keith@linx.net Executive Chairman, London Internet Exchange 13th May 1998](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022071807/56649e235503460f94b11aef/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Internet Peering in the UKInternet Peering in the UK
Keith [email protected]
Executive Chairman, London Internet Exchange
13th May 1998
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SettlementSettlement
• Voice Telephony– money flows from traffic/call
originator to recipient’s carrier
• Internet– wholesale generally as above– peering interconnection has no
money flow
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Reasons for non-Reasons for non-Settlement PeeringSettlement Peering
• Volume-based accounting for datagram traffic resource intensive
• Revenue flow from small players to large can:– create barrier to entry– accelerate consolidation
• LINX MoU rule
• Time for change ?
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UK State of PlayUK State of Play• Most peering via LINX
– majority of members do peer– disputes unusual
• Some smaller players via 2 regional exchanges
• Limited (~5) private bi-lateral peerings
• Lots of settlement-based bi-lateral wholesale/transit
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Should ISPs setShould ISPs setPeering Policy ?Peering Policy ?
• In general, YES– key autonomy issue for ISP
businesses
• BUT:– may need to regulate players with
significant market share– ideally take steps to avoid need to
do this
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LINX BackgroundLINX Background
• LINX is UK national Internet Exchange Point
• Represents 47 largest UK ISPs
• Tries to encourage open peering and competition between ISPs
• Promotes self-regulation (e.g IWF), but is not “regulator”
• Channel of communication between ISPs and regulators
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LINX Peering EnvironmentLINX Peering Environment
• Restricted but published & well-defined membership criteria
• Minimum of interference in member peering autonomy
• Peering agreements private matter between members
• Incentives to peer• Disincentives to not peer
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LINX Peering Practice (1)LINX Peering Practice (1)
• Members must peer with >=20% of other members:
– to acquire voting rights
– to remain member after 3 months
– may reduce and/or replace above “stick” with “carrot(s)”
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LINX Peering Practice (2)LINX Peering Practice (2)
• Members must:– publish peering contacts– respond to peering requests within 2
days
• Peering matrix on web page converts routing registry data into end-user friendly format– end-user consumer pressure
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LINX Peering Practice (3)LINX Peering Practice (3)
• Complaints can be referred to LINX Chair
• Tiered peering used by some and works well:– exchange of subset of customer
routes/territory– multiple ASes/routing policies– or bandwidth limited
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Good Peering PracticeGood Peering Practice
• “Self-regulatory” measures
• Peering policies should be:
– registered
– in public domain
– consistently & fairly implemented
– stable
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Possible Peering Possible Peering IncentivesIncentives
• Additional membership status
• Additional facilities– e.g. switch ports– access to VA services
• Membership discounts
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Conclusions (1)Conclusions (1)
• Open peering can promote competition
• Closed bi-lateral exchange can inhibit it
• Open peering arbiter can facilitate competition:– as L1/L2 exchange– as organisational environment
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Conclusions (2)Conclusions (2)• Peering in UK at LINX is working
better than most other exchanges in other countries
• Good model, though room for development
• Market will determine when settlement or not is best
• Imposition of settlement or not would distort UK wrt global market