international relations 1.pptx

7/17/2019 International Relations 1.pptx

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Balancing &

Bandwagoning

Hierarchy & Hegemonyin International Politics



Balancing &Bandwagoning

Defnition andImplications

JuheaHwang

2013230043



Defnition• Forms o alliances that states

choose when acing an

external threat.

External

hreat

Alliance

Balancing o ally with

others againstthe !re"ailing

threat

Bandwagoning

o ally with the!re"ailing

threat



Defnition• #Power$ isn$t the only actor considered when choosing

whom to ally with

• %ther actors that may !ose threat are also conser"ed

• Ex. 'eogra!hic !roximity( aggressi"e intention etc.

• )ot a matter o allying with weaker or stronger

states( *+t rather a matter o allying with oragainst a foreign state that poses the

greatest threat.



Balancing *eha"ior

Two reasons why states would choose tobalance:

,. hey *elie"e that i they cannot

c+r* the threatening state *eoreit *ecomes too strong( it !+ts their

state s+r"i"al at ris-

. /tates can gain morein0+ence amongst their

allies

1For o+r h+ndred

years the oreign!olicy o England has *een to oppose

the strongest most aggressive,most dominating power on the

continent..(2 we always too- theharder co+rse( joined with the less

strong powers,… and thusdefeated the ontinental militar!

t!rant whoe"er he was.3

- Winston Churchill



Bandwagoning *eha"ior

4+stifcationo o"erseasin"ol"ementor increased

military

*+dgets

5old6ar

/o"iet

7nion

American

%8cial

s

•

Bandwagoning theory has *een !reerred ands+!!orted thro+gho+t history as well

1leaders willaccommodate

themsel"es to whatthey will regard asthe dominanttrend3

-Henry Kissinger

1 I the "nited#tates were tofalter( the wholeworld.. wo+ldine"ita*ly *egin tomove toward theommunist $loc

-ohn !" Kennedy



Im!lications

As the !olicies are 9+iet o!!osite( it is dangero+s to

mis!ercei"e which is the dominant trend.

Balancing• estraint ;o

!ower•

Bene"olence• Aggression

disco+raged

• Aggressi"eaction wo+ld!ro"o-e otherstates to alignagainst the

aggressi"e state

Bandwagoning• 5om!etition or

!ower•

i"alry• <ore li-ely to +se

orce• /tates wo+ld

gain more allieswhen they seemaggressi"e



6hat A=ects/tates$ Decision to

Balance or Bandwagon>

"n H!ung%ee

2013230042



ac ors a a ec/tates$ Decision according

to 6alt



6hen do /tates Balance>Bandwagon>

• In general( balancing beha#ior is more

common than bandwagoning

•

Ex. deensi"e coalition against hegemonyattem!ts in E+ro!e

• Bandwagoning is dangero+s *eca+se it

lends more reso+rces to thethreatening !ower and re!laces the

tr+st in its or*earance



,. Dimensions o hreat



. he A"aila*ility o Allies



?. /ec+rity 5limate@ Peaceand 6ar

C $ d



Case $tudy

+ssia$s 5hoice oForeign Policy:

Balancing orBandwagoning>

&in 'oung%ee

20132300(1



)ussia

#trengthen *

+alance

*



? 5onditions +ssia Faces

,. +ssia$s ca!a*ility to address 7/

dominance in international !olitics

. 5an 5hina *e a relia*le strategic

!artner to +ssia>

?. /ec+rity climate o the !ost@5old 6arera



,@,. /hit in Power:Economy

Inde!endence /el@eliance



,@. /hit in Power:Military



@,. Alliance with 5hina

+ssia 5hina +-H concerned



<ilitary !resenceeliminated

Im!ro"es its !osition

/+!!orti"e o +ssia$s

sec+rity role

7./.

+ssia

5hina

oo e g or y



@ . oo e g or y reaty o Friendshi! &

5oo!eration<+t+al

5ons+ltation

Rapprochement

Military Technology Western Sanction

Emerging

China



?@,. Post@5old 6ar Era#ecurit

!structu

re

Allies.s/

nemi

es

rucialfor

nations

survivalidening

perception gap

uropes attitudetowards "#A



Balance +andwagon



Hierarchy &

Hegemony:

Asian & 6esternsystems

5nha 6im

2013230032



as s an r + e



as s an r + esystem3

China

as s an r + e



as s an r + esystem3

China %con&t'• B+ilt on legitimate a+thority & material

!ower

• )ormati"e social order 5hina$s

commitment

• )o ex!loitation o the secondary

states



? hemes o

Asian /ystem

JooHee 6im

2013230020

emes o



emes oEast Asian international

system



,. Acce!tance o tri*+tesystem• Almost all the actors in East Asia acce!ted

tri*+te system

• Basis or interaction thro+gho+t East Asia

• )o identical a!!lication

• Di=erent states modifed( a*andoned( and+sed the ideas in a 0exi*le manner

de!ending on the circ+mstances

• Im!ortance o c+lt+ral achie"ement hierarchy ran-ing



. Con(ucian societywithin tri*+te system

• 5on+cian 1society3 as in sharing ideas( norms(and interests that determine mem*ershi! in thegro+!

• Asian co+ntries acce!ting 5hinese ideas &c+lt+ral similarity

"erarc ng



. "erarc ngsignifcance o the r+les &

norms• hese r+les and norms were conse9+ential or

di!lomacy( war( trade( and c+lt+ral exchanging*etween !olitical +nits in East Asia

• Acted as tools or resol"ing con0icting goals &interests short o resorting to war

international relations 1.pptx

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