COMENIUS LIFELONG LEARNING PROGRAMME

INTERNATIONAL PROJECT MEETING 13-20 DECEMBER 2010SMOLYAN, BULGARIA

EDUCATION IN HUNGARY

POPULATION AND LANGUAGE OF EDUCATION The population of the Republic of Hungary: 9.999.000 The overwhelming majority (over 97%) of the

population is Hungarian (Magyar), the official language is Hungarian.

 The official language of instruction is Hungarian, but a number of ethnic and national minorities (e.g. German, Romanian, Slovenian, Serb and Croatian) have minority educational institutions with their own languages as first or second language of instruction at primary and secondary level of teaching.

Education is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16.

RECENT CHANGES IN HUNGARY

Parliamentary elections were held on 11 April and 25 April 2010 in Hungary Instead of the former Ministry of Education now The Ministry of National Resources is responsible for culture, education, health, social sport portfolios in the government.

Minister: Miklós Réthelyi

State Secretary For Education: Rózsa Hoffmann

THE LATEST NEWS OF DECEMBER 2010

Reforms will be introduced in the Hungarian higher education system in 2011. • an increase in funding• the introduction of stricter entrance

requirements to universities • a reduction in the teacher-to-student ratio• fewer student representatives on university

decision-making bodies'The target is not to enhance the absolute number of diplomas, but to increase the number of those university graduates who can be useful on the job market' the ministry stated.

ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL

INSTITUTIONALCRÈHE NURSERY

SCHOOLPRIMARY SCHOOL

SECONDARY SCHOOL

LOCAL (REGIONAL)

PRE-PRIMARY PRIMARY SECONDARY

CENTRAL (NATIONAL)REGIONAL INTEGRATED VOCATIONAL

TRAINING

HIGH SCHOOL UNIVERSITY

0 14 yrs6 years 12 yrs3 years

CRÉCHE

CRÉCHE

CRÉCHE

10 yrs 18 yrs

PRE-SCHOOL PRIMARY EDUCATION

SECONDARY

CRÉCHE

21 yrs

23 yrs

25 yrs

HIGHER EDUCATION

THE PAST

The first créche opened in 1852.

Main function was daily care.

Old créche-building in Hungary

A group of babies and nurses 1984

THE NUMBER OF CRÉCHES IN HUNGARY BETWEEN 1989 AND 2009

THE WORK OF THE DEMOCRATIC TRADE UNION OF CRÉCHE WORKERS

A lot were closed between 1985-1990. More than 60 % were withered on purpose.The staff were sent to pension or to another field of work. In the past 10-15 years there is a struggle for justification of existence. The trade union has an important role in the lobby activity. Purpose is to ensure the provisionand workplaces to help and support the tasks of families in bringing up the children.

THE PRESENT

Number of Créches: more than 500Number of employees: 4000Main function: professional daily care, education,

development

From 1986 there have been a lot of efforts made to: ensure equal opportunities for SEN children realise and provide extra services beyond basic ones promote their welfare and interests improve the support they receive put stress on the importance of early education and

development to meet and fulfil various family demands

0 14 yrs6 years 12 yrs3 years

NURSERY

NURSERY

NURSERY

10 yrs 18 yrs

PRE-SCHOOL PRIMARY EDUCATION

SECONDARY

NURSERY

21 yrs

23 yrs

25 yrs

HIGHER EDUCATION

THE PAST

The first nursery in Europe was founded in Hungary on 27tt May 1828 by Countess Theresa Brunszvik (1775-1861) in her residence in the city of Buda under the name of Angelgarden (Angyalkert).

• children age of 2-7 • taken care on daily basis • taught different basic skills and knowledge • the concept was reproduced • more nurseries opened all over the Hungary• became a popular institution among the nobility and the middle class

A group of small children of the nursery. End of 1800’s

Children from the early 1900’

Then…

….and NowThe Brunszvik Castle In Martonvásár, Hungary

Memorial tablet of the Angelgarden nursery

Budapest, 1st District, Mikó Street

Statue of the countess

with children Martonvásár, Brunszvik

Castle, Hungary

Nursery school children from 1957-58

THE PRESENT

Hungary is one of the first countries to institute early-childhood schooling.

Important integrated part of the school system for children from 3 to 6 or 7 years of age.

Participation is optional, except for the final year (beyond age 5), which is compulsory.

Is a place that develops artistic abilities.

Provides pre-school activities, meals, excursions etc.

Teaches children short poems, folkloric songs, drawing, writing, counting etc.

The profession is reserved mostly for women.

Arrive 7 a.m. and collected at around 3 pm or later by parents.

The Hungarian-system is famous and respected worldwide.

Developing basic skills

and knowledge through

creative play, social interaction, andsometimes formal

lessons

0 14 yrs6 years 12 yrs3 years

PRIMAR 1ST CYCLE

PRIMARY 1ST CYCLE

PRIMARY 1ST CYCLE

PRIMARY 2ND

CYCLE

PRIM. 2ND

CYCLE

10 yrs 18 yrs

PRE-SCHOOL PRIMARY EDUCATION

SECONDARY

General/Primary Schools

21 yrs

23 yrs

25 yrs

HIGHER EDUCATION

THE PAST

1996 was the great millennium of the founding of the first Hungarian school.

Monks arrived for the call of Géza, the Grand Prince of Hungarians, Stephen’s father

King I. Saint Stephen founded monasteries for Benedictine monks.

The first school: Pannonia, on Saint Martin hill, built in 996.

The monastery’s monks helped King Stephen in his work to establish the Hungarian Kingdom.

Géza, Grand Prince of the

Magyars(945 – 997)

I. Saint Stephen King (969-

1038)

THE PAST

Elementary school, 1838Kunszetmárton, Hungary.

Beginning of 19th century Villages Catholic and Protestant church - one school beside one church. • teaching basic religious elements with basic moral studies • educating a new generation of the future priests Ploughmen, having lands, could afford their children to go to school. Only a few attended. Others worked at home on the lands. Towns Every major town had a Latin school. The citizens’ children could acquire basic literacy

Elementary school1-6 year-pupils

1936

Class photo1950

School-life from the ’70s

‘MY FIRST SCHOOLYEAR’ - A NICE PICTURE OF THE PAST

THE PRESENT

Primary education - first stage of compulsory educationMajor goals: achieving basic literacy and numeracy Establishing foundation science, mathematics, geography, history and other social sciences. school-maturity, (6th birthday or 7th if they were born after May 31). Primary education can last for 4, 6 or 8 years. 8-year education is the most widespread; the other two options were introduced in the early 1990s.

THE PRESENT

placed in classes Form teacher(s) responsible for education and welfareassisted by specialist teachers in certain subject areasnotable feature: continuity with single teacher: close relationship with the class

CLASS SIZE AND STUDENTS GROUPING

The average class size in the primary schools

19 pupils. The pupils in schools are

in classes led by a form-master/mistress.

The regulations define the maximum number of pupils per class as

26 (grades 1-4) 30 (grades 5-8) 35 (grades 9-13). The classes are co-

educational and are made up of pupils of the same age.

ASSESSMENT, PROGRESSION AND QUALIFICATIONS

Pupils are assessed by the teachers throughout the school year (written and oral tests).

In grade one, pupils in difficulty cannot be made to repeat the year.

all pupils must be assessed in written, individual analysis, expanding the traditional numeric (scale 1-5).

It is possible to make the pupil repeat a year at each grade, however, during the first 3 years it is only possible with the consent of the parent and no numeric marking is done. All schools are required to elaborate a comprehensive evaluation and assessment regulation based on the consensus of teachers, maintainers and parents.

GENERAL SCHOOL SUBJECTS

from 1st to 5th grade: literature, grammar, mathematics, music, art, physical education, environmental studiesfrom 6th grade: biologyfrom 6th grade: geography from 5th grade: historyfrom 6th grade: history of art, physicsfrom 7th grade: chemistry from grade 1 or 4 to 8 one or two foreign languages-usually English, German or French

LENGTH OF THE SCHOOLYEAR

SeptemberOctober

NovemberDecember

JanuaryFebruary

MarchAprilMayJune

JulyAugust

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

autumn holidaywinter holidayspring holidaysummer holidayOszlop1

0 14 yrs6 years 12 yrs3 years

4-YEAR GRAMMAR

SCHOOL/SECONDARY SCHOOL

6-YEAR-GRAMMAR SCHOOL

10 yrs 18 yrs

8-YEAR-GRAMMAR SCHOOL

PRE-SCHOOL PRIMARY EDUCATION

SECONDARY

Grammar school/secondary school

21 yrs

23 yrs

25 yrs

HIGHER EDUCATION

SECONDARY EDUCATION

Normally at the end of elementary school (at age 14) students are directed to one of three types of secondary education: one academic track (grammar school) and two vocational tracks. Vocational secondary schools provide four years of general education and also prepare students for the matura exam. These schools combine general education with some specific subjects education.

After finishing secondary school, students take a school-leaving exam, the Matura or final exam. This consists of exams on five subjects: written exam in mathematics, oral and written exams in literature and grammar, a foreign language, history, written and/or oral exam in a subject of the student's choice. These exams also serve as an entry exam to universities and colleges.

MATURITY OR SCHOOL-LEAVING EXAM

VOCATIONAL SECONDARY TRAINING

VET has a key economic function in up-skilling and integrating young people into the labour market and in providing high quality technical skills.

These schools combine general education with some specific subjects, referred to as pre-vocational education and career orientation.

At that point many students enrol in a post-secondary VET programme often at the same institution, to obtain a vocational qualification, although they may also seek entry to tertiary education.

2004 NEW SECONDARY FORM

Many of the grammar and

secondary schools have

begun to teach a foreign language

and IT in the first year. This is called ‘language

preparatory class’ or simply 0

grade.

It was introduced

because of the great demand for speaking

more than one language and for entering higher

education studies

Preparatory class students

finish grammar school at the age

of 19, or when they complete

year 13.

In language preparatory

classes students are prepared for

the maturity taken in their

final year 13th.

THE ROLE OF THE FORM TEACHER

Students are placed in classes with one teacher who is responsible for their education and welfare for that year. The continuity with a form-teacher and the opportunity to build up a close relationship with the class is a notable feature.

keeps record on students’ performance and achievements helps the children to get better results together with

specialised teachers of different subjects keeps contact with parents on regular basis (parent-teacher

meeting), as well as the subject teachers deals with personal problems of individual children organises extra-curricular activities (outings, cultural events,

special occasions, etc.)

AN EXAMPLE TIMETABLE OF OUR SCHOOL

CLASS 9/B Language Preparatory Class

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

8.00-8.45 ENGLISH GERMAN CIVICS ENGLISH GERMANENGLIS

HIT MATHS

8.55-9.40 ENGLISH GERMANIT

CONTROLGERMAN ENGLISH GERMAN

ENGLISH

GERMANLESSON WITH FORM

TEACHER

9.50-10.35

MATHS ENGLISH GERMAN ENGLISH ITENGLIS

HIT

CONTROLENGLISH

GERMAN

10.50-11.35

COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES

ENGLISH GERMAN IT IT LEARNING TO LEARN ITGERMA

N

11.50-12.35

IT CONTROL

GERMAN IT GERMAN ITIT

CONTROLCOMMUNICATION

TECHNIQUESPE PE

12.50-13.35

IT IT ENGLISH IT PE PE - - - -

13.45-13.30

- - - - PE PE - - - -

AN EXAMPLE TIMETABLE OF OUR SCHOOL

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

8.00-8.45

MATHSENGLIS

HHUNGARIAN GRAMMAR

MATHSECONOMY AND LOW

BIOLOGY MARKETING

8.55-9.40

ENGLISH

GERMAN

ENGLISH

MATHS MARKETING HUNGARIAN LITERATUREHUNGARIAN LITERATURE

9.50-10.35

ENGLISH

MATHS BIOLOGYITALIA

NMATHS MATHS GERMAN HISTORY

10.50-11.35

ECONOMY AND LOW

MATHSGERMA

NITALIA

NGERMAN ECONOMY AND LOW ITALIAN

ENGLISH

11.50-12.35

PE PE PE PE HISTORYECONOMY AND LOW

MATHS ENGLISHGERMAN

12.50-13.35

HUNGARIAN LITERATURE

LESSON WITH FORM TEACHER

ART ENGLISH MARKETING-

-

13.45-13.30

MARKETING HISTORY ECONOMY AND LOW MARKETING ENGLISH-

-

CLASS 12/B Language Preparatory Class

VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAMMES

Vocational training schools: two years of general educationsome pre-vocational educationcareer orientation.Students do not obtain the matura but a vocational qualification.Demand has declined because of increasing demand for upper secondary schools delivering the maturata.

Students choose an occupation and receive two or three years of vocational education and training - such as a bricklayer

VOCATIONAL TRAINING SCHOOL

0 14 yrs6 years 12 yrs3 years

10 yrs 18 yrs

PRE-SCHOOL PRIMARY EDUCATION

SECONDARY

College/University

BABSC

MAMSC

PHD

21 yrs

23 yrs

25 yrs

HIGHER EDUCATION

THE PAST

THE FIRST HUNGARIAN UNIVERSITYIn 1367 Louis the Great founded the first Hungarian university in the city of Pécs.

The modern University of Pécs

was founded on 1 January 2000

through the merger of Janus

Pannonius University, the

Medical University of Pécs

and the Illyés Gyula Teacher

Training College of Szekszárd

AN INTERESTING EVENT IN PÉCS

Jane Goodall visited the University of Pécs on 12 November 2010. Her lecture in the newly built Knowledge Centre was a huge success, hundreds of people wanted to see her.

JANE GOODALL VISITS THE UNIVERSITY OF PÉCS

THE PRESENT

September 2006

The Bologna system is introduced in Hungary

Opportunity to pursue students’ studies in adynamically developing, convertible European

higher educational system.

THREE OBJECTIVES

THE THREE OBJECTIVES OF THE BOLOGNA PROCESS

INTRODUCTION OF THE THREE CYCLE SYSTEM:

A BASIC TRAINING

PROGRAMME (BA, BSC),

A MASTER LEVEl PROGRAMME (MA,

MSC), LEVEL DOCTORAL (PHD,

DLA) PROGRAMME.

QUALITY ASSURANCE

RECOGNITION OF QUALIFICATIONS

AND PERIODS OF STUDY.

TYPES OF INSTITUITON

Higher education institutions:

public and private universities and colleges accredited andformally recognised by the state non-university institutions university level institutions institutions provide highervocational training courses

Budapest Technical University

ACCESS

The secondary school leaving certificate is required by all institutions for entrance to higher education. Certain higher education courses impose stricter selection criteria for admission.

Additional criteria may be required (for example, a certificate in foreign languages, a specialisation, a qualification, etc.). 

Corvinus University, Budapest

QUALIFICATIONS

Diplomas have a two-fold function and incorporate academic and vocational qualifications. Non university education courses in college: college certificate after3 or 4 years

Universities and other university-level institutions: university degree after a four to six-year course.

A higher vocational qualification: at the end of 2 years of non-university vocational higher education after having passed the higher professional examination. 

Dunaújváros College

HIGHER EDUCATION

The universities offer a broad range of training and degree programmes, ensuring high-level knowledge-transfer and research.

INTERNATIONAL STUDY

Due to the credit system, an increasing number of Hungarian students participate in international study programmes as an integral part of their education.

LIFELONG-LEARNING

Universities are developing their programmes within the area of life-long learning. In addition, the universities attach great importance to training in the colleges for advanced studies.

0 14 yrs6 years 12 yrs3 years

CRECHE

CRECHE

CRECHE

NURSERY

NURSERY

NURSERY

PRIMARY 1ST CYCLE

PRIMARY 1ST CYCLE

PRIMARY 1ST CYCLE

PRIMARY 2ND

CYCLE

PRIM. 2ND

CYCLE

4-YEAR GRAMMAR

SCHOOL/SECONDARY SCHOOL

6-YEAR-GRAMMAR SCHOOL

10 yrs 18 yrs

8-YEAR-GRAMMAR SCHOOL

PRE-SCHOOL PRIMARY EDUCATION

SECONDARY

The Outline Of The System

BABSC

MAMSC

PHD

21 yrs

23 yrs

25 yrs

HIGHER EDUCATION

VÁSÁRHELYI PÁL SECONDARY TRADE SCHOOLBUDAPEST, HUNGARY

EDINA, VANDA, DIA, ANDREA

SEE YOU IN HUNGARY IN FEBRUARY 2011 !