E-FIELD MONITORING SYSTEM

Dharman J1, Vignesh B

2, Rameshkumar V

2, Sathish Kumar S

2, Saravana Kumar S

2 Assistant professor

1, Student

2

dharman123@gmail.com1, bvignesh97@gmail.com

2

Karpagam College of Engineering, Coimbatore

Abstract: Agriculture plays vital role in the development

of agricultural country. In India about 70% of population

depends upon farming and one third of the nation’s

capital comes from farming. The world into the new

technologies and implementations we should need to

grow up the technology in agricultural activities. Many

researches are done with the field of agricultural. The

development of the projects regarding with the

agricultural is succeed at that time but we can clearly see

the disadvantages in the present agricultural projects. To

overcome this problems we are going to control all the

operation with the help of IOT. These are all performed

by interfacing the sensors with the microcontroller, Wi-Fi

module and outcome results are monitored using cloud

database.

1. Introduction

India is the largest freshwater user in the world, and our

country’s total water use is greater than any other

continent. The agricultural sector is the biggest user of

water, followed by the domestic sector and the industrial

sector. Groundwater contributes to around 65% of the

country’s total water demand. Today water has become

one of the most precious resources on the Earth and one

of the most important factors in agriculture is water

availability. The system has a distributed wireless

network of soil-moisture and temperature sensors placed

in the root zone of the plants. In addition, a gateway unit

handles sensor information, triggers actuators, and

transmits data to a web application. The system was

powered by photovoltaic panels and had a duplex

communication link based on a cellular-Internet interface

that allowed for data inspection and irrigation scheduling

to be programmed. The system using remote access and

wireless communication is discussed in this paper. The

system explained here is a network of wireless sensors

and a wireless base station to process the sensor data to

automate the irrigation system. The sensors are soil

moisture sensor and soil temperature sensor. The CPU is

programmed such that if the either soil moisture or

temperature parameters cross a predefined threshold

level, the irrigation system is automated, i.e. the motor

relay that is connected to water pump, switches to ON

otherwise OFF.An automated irrigation system was

developed to optimize water use for agricultural crops.

The system has a distributed wireless network of soil-

moisture and temperature sensors placed in the root zone

of the plants. An algorithm was developed with threshold

values of temperature and soil moisture that was

programmed into a microcontroller-based gateway to

control water quantity. The system was powered by

photovoltaic panels and had a duplex communication link

based on a cellular-Internet interface that allowed for data

inspection and irrigation scheduling to be programmed.

2. Proposed Work

Formers can’t monitor the fields while they are in the

remote area, so they comes with loss in fields.

To overcome this we came with the idea that formers can

monitor the fields using IoT based agricultural

automation system. In this project farmer can get the

atmosphere of the fields by online using blynk server.

Here we have moisture sensor and temperature sensor

connected with the node MCU, Which contains

embedded program in it and inbuilt WiFi- module, so it

reads the data of the fields such as moisture of the field

from the moisture sensor and temperature of the field by

the temperature sensor and sends the reading to the blynk

server.

As per the readings from the moisture sensor DC

water motor is operated. Node MCU will have certain

moisture limit fixed in it, when the soil moisture exceeds

the limit DC motor circulates the water to the fields.

International Journal of Pure and Applied MathematicsVolume 118 No. 20 2018, 567-572ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)url: http://www.ijpam.euSpecial Issue ijpam.eu

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Figure 1. Block diagram

The above block diagram explains that the core is the

node MCU, a microcontroller based device which can

hold embedded code in it for execution and it comes with

WiFi-module, so it can be connected to the internet.

Following this a humidity sensor, soil moisture sensor

and temperature sensor is connected to the

microcontroller in the assigned pins.

Figure 2. Node MCU Pin Configuration

Humidity sensor senses the humidity by detecting the

changes that alter electrical currents or temperature in the

air.

It can be operated in 3-5.5V DC, its humidity

accuracy is +-5%RH, temperature accuracy is +-2� and

measurement range is 20-90%RH, 0-50�

Figure 3. DHT11

Temperature sensor measures the temperature on the

principle when the voltage increases then the temperature

also rises. The output voltage is linearly proportional to

the Celsius temperature.

LM35 provides output voltage of 10mV/ degree

Celsius with the accuracy of 0.5�-25�. It can be

operated in 4-30V DC and operating range is -55� to

150�.

Figure 4. LM35

Soil moisture sensor detects the moisture by the

measurements of the dielectric constant gives a

predictable estimation of water content. Its operating

voltage is 3.3V to 5V, output voltage is in the range of 0

to 4.2V and its output signal is both analog and digital.

This sensor gives values from 0 to 1023 and it is mapped

to 0 to 100 and displayed.

Figure 5. Soil moisture sensor

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In addition with the soil moisture sensor a dc motor is

connected, which operates when then soil moisture

sensor detects the moisture level lower than the fixed

level. The motor automatically starts to distribute the

water to the field.

A LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) is fixed in several

parts of the field, which is not connected to the

microcontroller. It automatically senses the day and night

and switch on or off the night lamp.

Figure 6. LDR

These three sensors measures the values and sends it

to the microcontroller which is connected to the blynk

server by WiFi-module. Blynk server has a mobile

application in which we have to assign the virtual bulbs

or monitors in the same output pin as per the

configuration of the microcontroller. Then measured

values can be viewed in the mobile application from the

remote area.

After opening the Blynk application, select new

project and select the microcontroller device type (i.e.)

Arduino, node MCU, etc. Then a code will be generated

in the application for connecting the WiFi module with

the same mobile device, the code which refers to that cell

phone. After that, pins in the virtual bread board is

assigned as per the configuration.

Figure 6. Prototype

Flow Chart:

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3. Results

Blynk application output:

Figure 7. Blynk output

The above figure shows the output values measured

from the sensors, temperature sensor shows the room

temperature in degree celcius, humidity sensor shows the

humidity of the room and soil moisture sensor shows the

moisture level that is when it senses moisture level below

55 then it is wet and above it is dry. The Led’s in the

figure indicates wet and dry.

Figure 8. Blynk output

The above figure shows that the moisture sensor

senses the value greater than limit, so the dry Led glows.

Figure 9. Serial monitor output

4. Conclusion

In the past days farmers used their hands to measure the

moisture of the soil and then they manually on the motor

to distribute the water to the field. By using this project,

former need not to be always in fields and former can

freely go anywhere and he can monitor the field from the

remote area and can maintain the field and also farmers

can save the water.

5. Future Enhancement

The automated irrigation system is feasible and cost

effective for optimizing water resources for agricultural

production. The system would provide feedback control

system which will monitor the field and irrigation system

efficiently. Rain gun sensor can be added so that when it

rains there won’t be floods. Rain water harvesting can be

done and this harvested water can be used to irrigate

fields. Hooters can be used so that it gives siren at

various occasions such as intrusion detection, floods etc.

Using IR sensors any object passing into fields can be

detected and alerted. We can include many more water

quality sensors that affect the crops.

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