international journal of housing and human settlement planning vol 2 issue_1
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Mechanical Engineering
Electronics and Telecommunication Chemical Engineering
Architecture
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¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy andApplications
¬ International Journal of Production Engineering¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering
and Design¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and
Materials Processing¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and
Automation
« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging
Technologies« International Journal of Digital Electronics« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog
Signals
« International Journal of Housing and Human SettlementPlanning
« International Journal of Architecture and InfrastructurePlanning
« International Journal of Rural and Regional PlanningDevelopment
« International Journal of Town Planning and Management
Applied Mechanics
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Computer Science and Engineering « International Journal of Wireless Network Security« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms
Nanotechnology« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology
« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences
Physics
« International Journal of Renewable Energy and itsCommercialization
« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry« International Journal of Agrochemistry« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial
Pollution
Civil Engineering« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering« International Journal of Concrete Technology« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis« International Journal of Construction Engineering and
Planning
Electrical Engineering« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits« International Journal of Automatic Control System« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives« International Journal of Electrical Communication
Engineering« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and
Circuits
Material Sciences and Engineering « International Journal of Energetic Materials« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical
Engineering
Chemistry « International Journal of Photochemistry« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry« International Journal of Green Chemistry« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular
Engineering
« International Journal of Electro Mechanics andMechanical Behaviour
« International Journal of Machine Design andManufacturing
« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamicsand Analysis
« International Journal of Fracture and damageMechanics
« International Journal of Structural Mechanicsand Finite Elements
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Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and
Biomaterials« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and
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Article 2
016
Housing and Human Settlement Planning
International Journal of
Jan–June 2016
e-ISSN: 2455-8516
IJHHSP
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International Journal of Housing
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International Journal of Housing
and Human Settlement Planning
International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning is an architectural journal that covers a
wide range of topics including sustainable cities, island developing states, real estate settlement issues,
building material technology and other field that are related to architectural issues in housing and
settlement planning.
Focus and Scope of the Journal! Housing development, national housing policies
! Housing design, building materials and technology
! Real estate planning design and development
! Non-formal housing development and slums
! Housing for disaster affected areas
! Management problems by the metropolitan, municipal and district assemblies.
! Human settlement environmental issues
! Sustainable cities
! Integrated planning and management
! Small island developing states
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PUBLICATION MANAGEMENT TEAM
INTERNAL MEMBERS
Associate Manager
ChairmanMr. Puneet Mehrotra
Managing Director,JournalsPub,
New Delhi
Hidam Renubala
Ankita Singh
Akanksha Marwah
Deepika Bhadauria
Commissioning Editors
Priyanka Garg
Chhavi Goel
Shrawani Verma
EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Dr. Adesoji David Jiboye Department of Architecture, Obafemi Awolowo
University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Nigeria
Leyli HashemiIslamic Republic of Iran
Mahua Mukherjee IIT Roorkee, INDIA
Dr. Mohammad Arif KamalDept. of Architecture Aligarh Muslim
University Aligarh, India
Dr Sutapa DasIndian Institute of Technology Kharagpur,
India
Ms kerstin FrickHindustan University, India
Dr Krishna Kumar DhoteProfessor, Department of Architecture and Planning, MANIT, Bhopal (M.P.), India
Mrs. Fathima Samana S.Acharya's School of Architecture,
India
Dr M. V. MolykuttyB.S.Abdur Rahman University,
India
Dr. Ashwani KumarMalaviya National Institute of Technology
Jaipur, India
Dr. Sandeep Dua Guru Nanak Dev University, India
Dr. Siva Sundari Annamalai University, India
Joko AdiantoKampus Baru UI Depok, West Java, Department
of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas, Indonesia
Dr. Krishna Kumar Dhote Department of Architecture and Planning,
MANIT, Bhopal (M.P.), India
Bhawna ShrivastavaDepartment Of Architecture and Planning,
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal, India
Dr. G. Viswanadha Kumar Associate Professor Department of
Architecture, A.U. College of Engineering (A), Visakhapatnam, India
Debashis SanyalAssociate Professor
National Institute of Technology Raipur, India
Ms Sharmin KhanAssistant Professor, Department of
Architecture, Z.H.C.E.T., AMU, Aligarh, India
Nishant NathaniAssistant proffesor, Department of Architecture
& Planning,Amity University Haryana, India
From the Editor's Desk
Dear Readers,
We would like to present, with great pleasure, the inaugural volume of a new scholarly
journal, International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning. This journal is
part of the Applied Sciences, and is devoted to the scope of present Housing and Human
Settlement Planning issues, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and
the validation of emerging technologies.
This new journal was planned and established to represent the growing needs of Plant Biotechnology as an
emerging and increasingly vital field, now widely recognized as an integral part of scientific and technical
investigations. Its mission is to become a voice of the Architectural community, addressing researchers and
practitioners in this area.
The core vision of International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning in Journals Pub is to
propagate novel awareness and know-how for the profit of mankind ranging from the academic and
professional research societies to industry practitioners in a range of topics in Housing and Human
Settlement Planning in general. Journals Pub acts as a pathfinder for the scientific community to published
their papers at excellently, well-time & successfully.
International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning focuses on original high-quality research
in the realm of Housing development, national housing policies, Housing design, building materials and
technology, Real estate planning design and development, Non-formal housing development and slums,
Housing for disaster affected areas etc.
The Journal is intended as a forum for practitioners and researchers to share the techniques of Housing and
Human Settlement Planning and solutions in the area.
Many scientists and researchers have contributed to the creation and the success of the Housing and Human
Settlement Planning community. We are very thankful to everybody within that community who supported
the idea of creating an innovative platform. We are certain that this issue will be followed by many others,
reporting new developments in the field of Housing and Human Settlement Planning.
This issue would not have been possible without the great support of the Editorial Board members, and we
would like to express our sincere thanks to all of them. We would also like to express our gratitude to the
editorial staff of JournalsPub, who supported us at every stage of the project.
It is our hope that this fine collection of articles will be a valuable resource for Architectural readers and will
stimulate further research into the vibrant area of Housing and Human Settlement Planning.
Puneet Mehrotra
Managing Director
1. Need of Modular Coordination and Standardization in Design and Construction of Urban Mass Housing in India Debashis Sanyal, Ravi Kumar Bhargava 1
2. Study on the Tribes of Chhattisgarh – Housing Settlements of the Korwa Tribe Abhinav Jaiswal 8
3. Review Insight: Hits of Urbanization on Open Area, Upbringing and Environment in IndiaAnkita Singh 17
4. Short Communication: Integration in Building DesignSharmin Khan 21
5. Global Business Models and Future Development Perspectives of AerotropolisA.N. Sarkar 22
Contents
IJHHSP (2016) 1–7 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 1
International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning
ISSN: 2455-8516 (online)
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Need of Modular Coordination and Standardization in Design
and Construction of Urban Mass Housing in India
Debashis Sanyal1*, Ravi Kumar Bhargava
2
1Department of Architecture, National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, India
2Building Sciences, HITS, Hindustan University, Chennai, India
Abstract
This paper aims to point out the various aspects of modular coordination and standardization
in building methodologies suitable for Indian urban mass housing by highlighting the
advantages achieved by their adoption in Indian context. In mass housing, the major building
components are the foundation, walling, doors, windows, floors and roofing. These
components can be individually sized, analyzed and suitably matched for ease/speed of
construction and cost saving. These modular system and standardized approaches are also
necessary for obvious advantages of their repetitive mass production facilities.
Keywords: prefab, housing, low cost, modular, system building
INTRODUCTION
In this research modular coordination and
Standardization in planning/designing
concepts are discussed which necessary for
adoption of industrialization in mass are
housing. As the process of design fully
depends upon them, they are of prime
importance. It must be emphasized that
industrialization should start right from the
inception of designs, and not as an
afterthought process. This will ensure
maximum economy and speed of
construction. Further, wastage losses can
be checked which happens due to
mismatching of various building
components.
MODULAR COORDINATION
In order to increase pace of construction
new systems such as precasting and
prefabrication has been introduced in the
recent past. Majority of building
components are produced in factories,
which are delivered to the site in a
finished/ semi finished state. At times it
becomes inconvenient to reshape the
factory produced components to match the
dimensions and tolerances of the space left
for installation of the component. These
dimensions can be achieved with greater
degree of accuracy of adoption of modular
coordination concept.
Modular coordination is the basis for the
standardization and mass production of
modular components which are
prerequisites for the industrialization of
mass housing. The purpose of modular
coordination is to coordinate the
dimensions of all building components,
within themselves; as well as with the
dimensions of the building to be
constructed in the near future. This
technique may be expected to play a
decisive role in the Indian construction
industry. Simple examples are:-
1. Indian Plywood industry seldom
follows door/window sizes prevalent in
India and results in wastage of
plywood.
IJHHSP (2016) 8–16 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 8
International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning ISSN: 2455-8516 (online)
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Study on the Tribes of Chhattisgarh – Housing Settlements of the
Korwa Tribe
Abhinav Jaiswal* National Institute of Technology Raipur, Raipur, India
Abstract With a large number of indigenous people, India is a home to people with varied cultures
speaking different languages. The ‘Adivasi’s’ with a population of about 84.4 million are the
poorest in the country. With their own culture, traditions and language, the tribes of India
are yet to be touched by the lifestyle and technologies of the modern world. Among the large
variety of Indian tribes, the Korwas are one of the oldest indigenous tribes. Their roots and
settlements are mainly found in Chhattisgarh. With their own unique culture and practices,
the Korwas are known for their traditional settlements, homes and lifestyle. The aim of this
paper is to understand the lifestyles of the Korwa tribes of Chhattisgarh and study various
aspects of their housing patterns. It will be as a reference and a working step towards
improving their living and condition in the present times.
Keywords: housing, socio-culture, tribal, vernacular architecture
CHHATTISGARH
Chhattisgarh – The Indian state known for
its tribal population, containing 31.8
percent of its population as tribal
population. The Bastar is the core heart of
the tribal population, and other areas
include Raigarh, Jashpur, Surguja, Koriya,
Balrampur, Korba, Kanker, Dhamtari,
Janjgir-Champa, Bilaspur, Mungeli,
Kabirdham, Mahasamund districts. The
schedule tribes live mostly in hills and
dense forest area, which are not easily
accessible. These people possess their own
culture, way of life, source of livelihood,
religious beliefs, which are quite different
from other sections of the Indian
communities.
Geography: Present Chhattisgarh
came into existence on 1st Nov 2000
after extracted from Madhya Pradesh.
Climate: The tropic of cancer passes
through Chhattisgarh. Hence the
northern part gets warmer after 2nd
march. During this time the
temperatures in southern districts
remain high. It is a region of high
rainfall.
Lifestyle
Tribes of Chhattisgarh are unique in their
lifestyles and have beautifully retained
their own culture and traditions for
centuries. The tribal women love to wear
ornaments made of cowries, shells, bones,
mixed metals, copper and bronze. The
livelihoods of thousands of tribal people
depend on the forest, river or farming of
crops and goat. Raut Nacha is a famous
and traditional folk dance of cowherd.
Some of the other prominent dance forms
are Panthi, Karma, Pandwani and Soowa.
IJHHSP (2016) 17–20 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 17
International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning ISSN: 2455-8516 (online)
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Review Insight: Hits of Urbanization on Open Area, Upbringing
and Environment in India
Ankita Singh*
Department of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, India
Abstract
In the coming century the development of the cities into the rural–urban edging are direct
and indirect impacts with those who living there facing new problems and ethics in meeting
their life needs and accommodating the concomitant of urbanization. As India is the most
populated country urbanization provide entertainment, employment, shopping, and a
generally higher standard of living. The flow under which urban population growth in
developing countries is going on, it is a direct indicator of the degree of spatial concentration
of people, commerce, industries, vehicles, energy consumption, water use, waste-product,
and other environmental stresses. Basically, various countries seek to generate increasing
economic value for development which leads to worsen such problems which may increase
the preventive and solution capacity of the government. India covers 21.34% land area which
is reducing day by day due to urbanization which directly exploiting human era,
environment, land, etc.
Keywords: economic, industrialization, urbanization
INTRODUCTION
Urbanization is the increasing number of
people that live in urban areas.
Urbanization is closely related to
modernization, industrialization, and the
sociological process of rationalization. It
actually results in the physical growth of
urban areas, be it up or down.
Urbanization can describe a unique
condition at a set time, i.e., the proportion
of total population or area in cities or
towns, or the term that can describe the
increase of this proportion over time.
So, the term urbanization can relate the
level of urban development relative to
overall population, or it can represent the
rate at which the urban proportion is
increasing.[1]
Urbanization is taking place at a faster rate
in India. Population residing in urban areas
in India, according to 1901 census, was
11.4%.
The census of India, 2011 defines urban
settlement as – all the places which have
municipality, corporation, cantonment
board or notified town area committee, all
the other places which satisfy following
points:
(i) A minimum population of 5000
persons
(ii) At least 75% of male main working
population engaged in non-agricultural
pursuits
(iii)A density of population of at least 400
persons per square kilometer
IJHHSP (2016) 21–21 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 21
International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning ISSN: 2455-8516 (online)
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Short Communication: Integration in Building Design
Sharmin Khan
Integration means bringing together people
or things of different nature. These
combine to form a larger system after
uniting together. This system consists of
components that differ in nature, but at the
same time it is enriched with the qualities
of variety. Integration is the key to success
of any programme; especially when we
talk about building design. Any building
project comprises of design and
construction processes.
The owner of project is the Client who
brings together many important resources
like land and finance, for the realization of
the project. An intelligent owner should
consider integration for his project, at the
initial stage. The Client either approaches
the Designer/Architect or any PMC
(Project Management Consultant) for the
execution of his project.
A team should be formed at the very initial
stage of project, comprising of the Client,
the Architect, the Project Manager, the
Consultants and the Contractor. Currently,
the building design and construction does
not integrate all these team members in the
building activity at an early stage, which
results in project delays, rework,
redesigning and sometimes ends up in
lawsuits.
The barriers to the process of integration at
an early stage of project can be
summarised as; the unwillingness of Client
or Designer to incorporate the Contractors,
the traditional system of inviting
Contractors after design is finalized and
BOQ prepared, or the charges that are
applicable for service providers, which
initiate when they are involved in the
building project. On the contrary, there are
numerous benefits of team integration at
initial stage before the design process
starts, at the conceptual design stage.
The team should comprise of participants
from different fields of specialization, and
variety of experiences. Their inputs and
suggestions at conceptual design stage can
help in concluding at resolved design
concepts and planning. The inputs can be
beneficial and can cover the important
aspects like: simplification of technical
specifications, better understanding of site
constraints in context with the ease of
construction on site, selection of efficient
construction methods and equipment,
accessibility study of site, selection of
locally available building materials,
methods, construction techniques and
workmanship available.
Further, the incorporation of all team
members can also help in selection of
appropriate building materials having less
embodied energy. The benefits of
integration are still not fully realized in the
construction industry, which is also a
major constraint in its adoption.
The integration of team members at initial
stage of design can lead to better
coordination and successful project
execution and management.
IJHHSP (2016) 22–50 © JournalsPub 2016. All Rights Reserved Page 22
International Journal of Housing and Human Settlement Planning ISSN: 2455-8516 (online)
Vol. 2: Issue 1
www.journalspub.com
Global Business Models and Future Development Perspectives of
Aerotropolis
A.N. Sarkar* Asia-Pacific Institute ofManagement, 3 & 4 Institutional Areas, Jasola, Sarita Vihar, New Delhi, India
Abstract
An aerotropolis is a new type of urban form comprising aviation-intensive businesses and
related enterprises extending up to 25 km outward from the major airports. It is similar in
form and function to a traditional metropolis, which contains a central city core and its
commuter-linked suburbs, surrounded by clusters of aviation-related enterprises.
Aerotropolises are powerful engines of local economic development, attracting air-commerce
linked businesses to the land surrounding major airports, analogous to the function of central
business districts in the downtown areas of major cities. Aerotropolises typically attract
industries related to time-sensitive manufacturing, e-commerce fulfillment,
telecommunications and logistics; hotels, retail outlets, entertainment complexes and
exhibition centers; and offices for business people who travel frequently by air or engage in
global commerce. Clusters of business parks, logistics parks, industrial parks, distribution
centres, information technology complexes and wholesale merchandise marts located around
the airport and along the transportation corridors radiating from them. An aerotropolis can
also be viewed as a metropolitan sub-region whose infrastructure, land-use, and economy
are centered on an airport. Similar in shape to the traditional metropolis made up of a
central city commercial core and its outlying commuter-linked suburbs, the aerotropolis
consists of a multimodal airport-based commercial core (Airport City) and outlying corridors
and clusters of aviation-linked businesses and associated residential developments that feed
off of each other and their accessibility to the airport. The paper reviews the scope and the
performances of aerotropolises currently being developed as global business models in
different parts of the world that are emerging as a major powerful business enterprise.
Keywords: aerotropolis, future development perspectives, global business models
AEROTROPOLIS: THE BUSINESS
CONCEPT
Airports have evolved as drivers of
business location and urban development
in the 21st century in the same way as did
highways in the 20th century, railroads in
the 19th century and seaports in the 18th
century, according to Dr. John D. Kasrada,
the American academic who defined the
aerotropolis concept in 2000–2001.[1,2]
As
the global economy expands and the
balance of spending power shifts, the
airport’s economic role keeps changing
with time and space. Around the world
passenger terminals are morphing into
luxury shopping malls and gallerias
featuring brand-name boutiques and
specialty retail; gourmet dining restaurants
with regional cuisine; entertainment
venues complete with live music, art and
cultural attractions; as well as centers for
knowledge exchange and booming
business. Concierge-staffed business
lounges and trade facilities are also
Mechanical Engineering
Electronics and Telecommunication Chemical Engineering
Architecture
Office No-4, 1 Floor, CSC, Pocket-E,Mayur Vihar, Phase-2, New Delhi-110091, India
E-mail: [email protected]
¬ International Journal of Thermal Energy andApplications
¬ International Journal of Production Engineering¬ International Journal of Industrial Engineering
and Design¬ International Journal of Manufacturing and
Materials Processing¬ International Journal of Mechanical Handling and
Automation
« International Journal of Radio Frequency Design« International Journal of VLSI Design and Technology« International Journal of Embedded Systems and Emerging
Technologies« International Journal of Digital Electronics« International Journal of Digital Communication and Analog
Signals
« International Journal of Housing and Human SettlementPlanning
« International Journal of Architecture and InfrastructurePlanning
« International Journal of Rural and Regional PlanningDevelopment
« International Journal of Town Planning and Management
Applied Mechanics
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Computer Science and Engineering « International Journal of Wireless Network Security« International Journal of Algorithms Design and Analysis« International Journal of Mobile Computing Devices« International Journal of Software Computing and Testing« International Journal of Data Structures and Algorithms
Nanotechnology« International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology« International Journal of Nanomaterials and Nanostructures« International Journals of Nanobiotechnology
« International Journal of Solid State Materials« International Journal of Optical Sciences
Physics
« International Journal of Renewable Energy and itsCommercialization
« International Journal of Environmental Chemistry« International Journal of Agrochemistry« International Journal of Prevention and Control of Industrial
Pollution
Civil Engineering« International Journal of Water Resources Engineering« International Journal of Concrete Technology« International Journal of Structural Engineering and Analysis« International Journal of Construction Engineering and
Planning
Electrical Engineering« International Journal of Analog Integrated Circuits« International Journal of Automatic Control System« International Journal of Electrical Machines & Drives« International Journal of Electrical Communication
Engineering« International Journal of Integrated Electronics Systems and
Circuits
Material Sciences and Engineering « International Journal of Energetic Materials« International Journal of Bionics and Bio-Materials« International Journal of Ceramics and Ceramic Technology« International Journal of Bio-Materials and Biomedical
Engineering
Chemistry « International Journal of Photochemistry« International Journal of Analytical and Applied Chemistry« International Journal of Green Chemistry« International Journal of Chemical and Molecular
Engineering
« International Journal of Electro Mechanics andMechanical Behaviour
« International Journal of Machine Design andManufacturing
« International Journal of Mechanical Dynamicsand Analysis
« International Journal of Fracture and damageMechanics
« International Journal of Structural Mechanicsand Finite Elements
5 more...4 more...
3 more...
Biotechnology « International Journal of Industrial Biotechnology and
Biomaterials« International Journal of Plant Biotechnology« International Journal of Molecular Biotechnology« International Journal of Biochemistry and Biomolecules« International Journal of Animal Biotechnology and
Applications3 more...
Nursing « International Journal of Immunological Nursing« International Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing« International Journal of Neurological Nursing« International Journal of Orthopedic Nursing« International Journal of Oncological Nursing
5 more... 4 more...
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it
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Article 2
016
Housing and Human Settlement Planning
International Journal of
Jan–June 2016
e-ISSN: 2455-8516
IJHHSP
www.journalspub.com