Interior of the EarthBy: Fiza, Anjala, Tanya, Ishaa, Ishita and Ratna

Some point to remember in studying the Earth’s Interior

There are distinct layers to the earth’s interior.

Heavier elements tend to sink to the core

Lighter elements rise toward the surface

Much more is known about the crust than the mantle and core.

What we believe is true about the mantle and core comes from studying seismology.

*You can also take notes of anything if you feel it is important!

The Earth is found to be made of 4 layers.

The Crust

The earth outermost surface is called crust.

The crust is about 25m. thick beneath the continents.

The crust is relatively light and brittle.

Most earthquakes occur within

The Mantle

The Mantle is the second layer of the Earth. It is the biggest and takes up 84 percent of the Earth.

The mantle is divided into two sections. The Asthenosphere, the bottom layer of the mantle made of plastic like fluid and The Lithosphere the top part of the mantle made of a cold dense rock.

The average temperature of the mantle is 3000° Celsius. The temperature of the mantle will become much hotter as you get closer to the Outer Core

The Outer Core

The Outer Core is the second to last layer of the Earth. It is a magma like liquid layer that surrounds the Inner Core and creates Earth's magnetic field.

The Outer Core is about 4000-5000 degrees Celsius.

The Outer Core is composed of iron and some nickel.

The Outer Core is about 2200 km thick. It is the second largest layer and made entirely out of liquid magma.

The Inner core

The Inner Core is the final layer of the Earth. It is a solid ball made of metal.

The Inner Core is about 1250 km thick and is the second smallest layer of the Earth. Although it is one of the smallest, the Inner Core is also the hottest layer.

The Inner Core is a solid ball composed of an element named NiFe.

The Inner Core is about 5000-6000 degrees Celsius. It melts all metal ores in the Outer Core causing it to turn into liquid magma.

Amazing Facts About the Earth!

Theia – The Twin

Earth was originally born as a twin to the planet Theia, which was about half as wide as Earth and roughly the size of Mars. The two planets shared an orbit for several million years until they collided. Earth absorbed Theia, and the remaining debris eventually coagulated into Earth’s moon. The mass donated by Theia gave Earth the gravity necessary to sustain a substantial atmosphere!

Thanks to our Moon!

The birth of Earth’s moon is singularly important because it stabilizes Earth’s tilt. Without the moon, Earth would still have wild changes in climate and be uninhabitable. The stabilizing tug of the moon tempers Earth, resulting in the minor tip that causes summer and winter seasons!

Unique and Special

Other planets and moons in our solar system have volcanoes, but they do not have mountain ranges like Earth’s because only Earth has plate tectonics. Thus, we can say that our Earth’s earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountains are evidence of a living and changing planet!

Let’s Summarise what we have learnt through a Video!!

Question Time!Did you understand it all?

Every question answered correct builds up more lava in the volcano. If you get all ten questions correct, the volcano will explode!

http://www.sciencemonster.com/earth-science/layers-of-the-earth-quiz.html

Conclusion

Beginning some three centuries ago with Isaac Newton’s calculations, we have formed a detailed model of what the internal structure of the Earth looks like. We have looked at some of the advances in technology, the greatest of these being ‘seismology’ and we are now left to decided where to go next… could it be down?

Contribution

Tanya – The Historical development of alternative conceptions & Information of the Interior of the Earth

Ishaa – Information on the Interior of the Earth with Pictures

Fiza – Interesting Facts about the Earth’s Mantle

Ratna – Information on the Interior of the Earth with pictures, PowerPoint assembling and Amazing Facts.

Anjala -

Ishita -

Hope You Enjoyed It!By: Fiza, Anjala, Tanya, Ishaa, Ishita and Ratna