interactions of temperature and diet affect drosophila...

Interactions of temperature and diet affect Drosophila suzukii The spotted wing drosophila Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive pest of various crop and wild host fruit [1] . Pest pressure and the resulting damage are difficult to estimate, because population dynamics of D. suzukii highly depend on temperature and available host range [2, 3] . In a laboratory experiment, we tested how temperature and diet interact and consequently affect population parameters of D. suzukii. © 2018 FiBL Fabian Cahenzli 1 , Irina Vögtli 2 , Claudia Daniel 1 1 Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Ackerstrasse 113, 5070 Frick 2 ETH Zürich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich References [1] Asplen MK, et al. 2015, J Pest Sci 88 (3):469-494 ; [2] Diepenbrock LM, Swoboda-Bhattarai KA, Burrack HJ 2016, J Pest Sci 89:761–769; [3] Tochen S, et al. 2014, Environ Entomol 43 (2):501-510. Results The statistical analysis (generalized linear mixed effect models) revealed significant interactions: oviposition (z 1,39 = 2.6, P = 0.009, Fig. A) and larval survival (z 1,86 = 2.4, P = 0.017, Fig. B) under different temperatures clearly depended on the diet. Oviposition increased with higher temperatures in the soft grape juice diet, but was limited in plums by the required fruit skin penetration. Compared to the banana medium, the grape juice medium with less yeast had a low nutritional value, limitting larval development under all temperatures (Fig. B, C). Under 15 °C, larval development time in plums was as long as in the low quality grape juice diet, but was as fast as in the banana diet under higher temperatures (Fig. C; diet-specific smoothing curves in the generalized additive model had a better fit than one curve for all diets). Conclusions Interactions between diet and temperature affect oviposition and larval development. Therefore, both factors need to be consid- ered simultaneously to adequately estimate population parameters. Results from laboratory experiments cannot be easily extrapolated to other situations. Methods 8 ± 2 days old flies were acclimated for 48 h to 15, 23 and 30 °C, before they were allowed to oviposit (2 × 24 h) under the same temperatures either on artificial banana medium, grape juice medium or plums (Dabrovice). Six replicates, each with ten males and ten females, were tested per treatment. Since eggs are not visible on the banana medium, oviposition and larval survival were only assessed in the grape juice medium and in plums. Figure: Mean ± SD of (A) the number of eggs laid, (B) larval survival and (C) development time. Table: Recipe of the artificial diets Ingredients Banana Grape Plum Fruit 26.5 % 79 % 100 % Brewer’s yeast 3.3 % 1.5 % Sugar 1.3 % 8.4 % Flour 2 % 1.3 % Water 63 % Agar-Agar 1.3 % 1.3 % Nipagin 0.23 % 0.3 % 15 20 25 30 0 50 100 150 200 Temperature °C Number of eggs A Grape Plum 15 20 25 30 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Temperature °C Larval survival B Grape Plum 15 20 25 30 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Temperature °C Larval development time (days) C Grape Plum Banana

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Page 1: Interactions of temperature and diet affect Drosophila suzukiiorgprints.org/32802/1/2018_Poster_Temp.pdf · Interactions of temperature and diet affect Drosophila suzukii The spotted

dynamics of D. suzukii highly depend on temperature and available host range [2, 3]. In a laboratory experiment, we tested how temperature and diet interact and consequently affect population parameters of D. suzukii.

Fabian Cahenzli 1, Irina Vögtli 2, Claudia Daniel 11 Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Ackerstrasse 113, 5070 Frick2 ETH Zürich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich

References[1] Asplen MK, et al. 2015, J Pest Sci 88 (3):469-494 ; [2] Diepenbrock LM, Swoboda-Bhattarai KA, Burrack HJ 2016, J Pest Sci 89:761–769; [3] Tochen S, et al. 2014, Environ Entomol 43 (2):501-510.

ResultsThe statistical analysis (generalized linear mixed effect models) revealed significant interactions: oviposition (z1,39 = 2.6, P = 0.009, Fig. A) and larval survival (z1,86 = 2.4, P = 0.017, Fig. B) under different temperatures clearly depended on the diet. Oviposition increased with higher temperatures in the soft grape juice diet, but was limited in plums by the required fruit skin penetration. Compared to the banana medium, the grape juice medium with less yeast had a low nutritional value, limitting larval development under all temperatures (Fig. B, C). Under 15 °C, larval development time in plums was as long as in the low quality grape juice diet, but was as fast as in the banana diet under higher temperatures (Fig. C; diet-specific smoothing curves in the generalized additive model had a better fit than one curve for all diets).

ConclusionsInteractions between diet and temperature affect oviposition and larval development. Therefore, both factors need to be consid-ered simultaneously to adequately esti-mate population parameters. Results from laboratory experiments cannot be easily extrapolated to other situations.

Methods8 ± 2 days old flies were acclimated for 48 h to 15, 23 and 30 °C, before they were allowed to oviposit (2 × 24 h) under the same temperatures either on artificial banana medium, grape juice medium or plums (Dabrovice). Six replicates, each with ten males and ten females, were tested per treatment. Since eggs are not visible on the banana medium, oviposition and larval survival were only assessed in the grape juice medium and in plums.

Figure: Mean ± SD of (A) the number of eggs laid, (B) larval survival and (C) development time.

Table: Recipe of the artificial diets

Ingredients Banana Grape PlumFruit 26.5 % 79 % 100 %Brewer’s yeast 3.3 % 1.5 %Sugar 1.3 % 8.4 %Flour 2 % 1.3 %Water 63 %Agar-Agar 1.3 % 1.3 %Nipagin 0.23 % 0.3 %

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