drosophila suzukii
TRANSCRIPT
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Drosophila suzukii Studies
Marissa Diorio
Dr. Fingerut
Elizabeth KrohnThomas SmithStephanie Tittaferrante
Dr. McRobert
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Our ObjectivesDr. McRobert’s Lab:● Blueberry Fecundity
Study○ In Progress
● Remating Study○ Starting Soon
● Hybridization Study with D. biarmipes
Dr. Fingerut’s Lab:● Overwintering Study
○ In Progress○ Gauging lower lethal
temperature○ Construction of a mesocosm
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Invasive Species● Southeast Asia -> global trade -> Hawaii, California, USA, Canada,
Europe● Climate prefer warm, temperate climate, but adaptable and resilient
http://ncsmallfruitsipm.blogspot.com/2013/02/spotted-wing-drosophila-confirmed-from.htmlhttp://labs.russell.wisc.edu/swd/
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The threathttp://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/fruit/flies/drosophila_suzukii.htmhttp://www.enetpress.com/drosophila/swd_index.html http://www.virginiafruit.ento.vt.edu/SWD.htmlhttp://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/fruit/flies/drosophila_suzukii.htm
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The threat● Hundreds of offspring
http://whatcom.wsu.edu/ipm/manual/black/spotted_wing.html http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/fruit/flies/drosophila_suzukii.html
● Rapid life cycle
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Suzukii’s late appearance● Seem to disappear over winter and
then re-emerge in late summer● Other species re-emerge in April● What causes this disappearance?
o How can we utilize it?
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Overwintering● Winter knocks down the population● How are they repopulating?
○ Migration○ A few survive in nature○ A few survive in structures
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Chill Study● Room temperature vs. Chilled
○ measure of adult survivorship○ measure of time to pupation○ measure of time to eclosure
● Stunted reproduction
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Further research● Construction of a mesocosm ● Observation of reproductive
physiology as the weather changeso if surviving, where and in what life stage?
● Hope to find evidence to explain disappearance
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Technique Notes● Population boxes
● Traps
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The Blueberry Study● Blueberries in D. suzukii
reproduction studieso 4 different conditions (20
offspring producing flies each)1. Blueberry / Blueberry2. Blueberry / No blueberry3. No blueberry / No
blueberry4. No Blueberry / Blueberry
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The Blueberry Study - Step 1● Collection
o Within 6 hourso Juveniles
Pale, large● Housing
o Males - 1/vial Media + yeast
o Females - 1/vial Media + yeast Media + yeast + blueberry
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The Blueberry Study - Step 2
● Experimental Assayso Testing 3-5 days oldo Transfer 1 male and 1
female to a vial No blueberry
o Observe flies - 60 min Copulation latency Copulation duration
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The Blueberry Study - Step 3● After the experimental
assay…o Transfer mated female
Vial = Media + yeast Vial = Media + yeast +
blueberry
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The Blueberry Study - Step 4● 7 days later…sucrose extraction
o Count offspring:1. Eggs2. Larvae3. Pupal cases
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Copulation Frequency
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Copulation Latency and Duration
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Offspring Production
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Technique Notes for D. Suzukii● Paper towel & Moisture
○ Pupal case growth● Blueberry/Yeast Food
○ True fruit fly● Contamination Hazards
○ Bottles vs. Vials○ Cotton Balls vs. Foam Stoppers
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Cotton Ball Contamination Pictures
Stage One: Growth of pupal cases on cotton ball
Stage Two: Pupal cases expand and cause more gaps
Stage Three: Flies hatch and cause even more space in cotton ball
Stage Four: Flies find enough space to escape and/or enter vial
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Individual Fly Study● Work with individuals, not mass
quantities● Specific Equipment:
○ Dissecting Scope and Light○ CO2 Pad and Funnel○ Mouth Aspirator (Suck Tube)○ Paintbrushes
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Conclusions: Why These Studies Matter
● Economic losses:o Yield losseso Increased laboro Increased chemical input costso Loss of foreign markets
● Loss of 20% of blueberry crops - $56.7 million - CA, OR, WA
● Current management - adult flies
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Thank you Sponsors● Saint Joseph’s Summer Scholars Program● Dr. Scott McRobert● Dr. Jonathan Fingerut● McNulty Fellows Program● SJU Biology Department● Also, a thank you to students who
previously worked on this project○ Kristina Orbe ‘14○ Leigh Anne Tiffany ‘15