interaction between living organisms
TRANSCRIPT
Interaction between living organisms
1. Types of interaction between the organisms in a community are: a) Prey-predator b) Symbiosis c) Competition
PreyPrey-predator1. Predator- hunt other animals for food 2. Prey- animal that gets eaten by predator 3. Examples:a) b) c) d) Barn owls or snakes prey on rats Eagles prey on snake Sparrows prey on worms Lions prey on deers
Example Prey-predator Preya) Rats-Snakes, Barn Owl
Rat
Barn Owl Snake
prey predator
b)Snakes- Eagles
Snake
Eagle
prey
predator
c) Worms -Sparrows
Worm
Sparrow
prey
predator
d) Deers-Lions
Deer
Lion
prey
predator
Which is the prey and predator?
Characteristics of prey & predatorPrey Monoscopic vision Ability to move fast Lives in groups (etc. elephants) Camourflamage body Predator Steroscopic vision Large, strong canines Sharp, strong, curved claws
prey
Monoscopic vision
Camouflage body
Large, sharp beaks
Predator
Stereoscopic vision
Sharp, big, strong, curved claws
Symbiosis1. Means-living together and depending on each other 2. Three types:a) Commensalism b) Mutualism c) Parasitism
Commensalism1. Two organism interact but only one gets benefit and the other does not gain anything. 2. Examples:a) Barnacles living on whales body and crab b) Birds nest fern living on tree branches c) Remora fish attaches at sharks body
Barnacles living on whales body and crab
Barnacles gains transport to look for food Host: Whale/crab gains no benefit Commensal: Barnacles gains benefit
Birds nest fern living on tree branches
Birds nest fern gains sunlight, support and nutrient by adhering to a tree Host: Tree gains no benefit Commensal: Birds nest fern gains benefit
Remora fish attaches at sharks body
Remora fish gets source of nutrient & helps to cleans the sharks body Host: Shark gains no benefit Commensal: Remora fish gains benefit
Birds and Buffalo
The birds get source of food& help the buffalo to remove ticks Host: Buffalo gains no benefit Commensal: Bird gains benefit
Mutualism1. Two organisms interact and both gets benefit 2. Examples:a) Sea anemone and clownfish b) Lichen and Fungus
Clownfish and sea anemones
Anemone protects the Clownfish from predators, providing food Clownfish defends the anemone from its predators,cleans it from parasites.
Lichen and FungusLichen consists of fungus and algae living together Fungus protects the algae Algae makes the food
Fungus
Algae
Parasitism1. 1. Two organisms interact and one gets benefit and the host losses/harm 2. Examples: a) Tapeworm living in human intestine b) Rafflesia parasite plant
Biological control1. Is an effective way to control pest by using prey-predator relationship to control pest. 2. Example:- farmer uses owls and snake to control rats in oil palm estate
Advantages & DisadvantagesAdvantage a) Does not cause pollution b) Safe and no effect to other organism c) Low cost Disadvantage a) Takes longer time compared to chemicals b) May effect other species if choose wrongly c) Predator may become nuisance
Food Web1. All organisms interact through food relationship in an ecosystem, 2. Can be classified as:a) Producers b) Consumers c) Decomposers
Producers1. Producers such as Green plants which are able to make their own food
Consumers1. There are three types of consumers:a) Primary consumers-first group of animals that feed on plants b) Secondary consumers- feed on primary consumers c) Tertiary consumers- feed on secondary consumers
Primary consumers
Secondary consumers
Chicken Paddy plant Caterpillar
Snake Eagle Frog
Producers
Primary consumers
Secondary consumers
Tertiary consumer
Decomposers1. Organisms that feed on dead plants and animals. 2. Decays and breaks down the dead substances into simpler substances 3. Examples: bacteria, fungus