ecology: study of relationships among living organisms and ... · ecology ecology: study of...
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Ecology
Ecology: study of relationships among living organisms and the interaction the organisms
have with their environment
Biotic vs. Abiotic
Environments contain two types of factors:
Biotic: living factors
Examples: fish, trees, grass, rabbit
Abiotic: nonliving factors
Examples: rocks, soli, air, water
Levels of Organization
Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biome
Biosphere
SMALLEST
LARGEST
Using the handout provided – label the levels of
organization from smallest to largest.
Provide a description of each level of organization.
Add a few drawings to represent each level of
organization.
Cut out the diagram and glue into notebook under Level
of Organization notes!
Ecosystem Interactions
Habitat: an area where an organism lives
Niche: the role or position that organism has in its environment
Community Interactions
Organisms interact with one another through
specific interactions:
Competition
Predation
Symbiosis
Competition
Occurs when more than one organism uses
a resource at the same time
Example: water is scare for many
organisms during a drought – organisms
compete with one another to get enough
water for their own survival
Predation
The act of one organism pursuing and
consuming another organism for food
Example: a cat catching a bird – cat is the
predator and the bird is the prey
Symbiosis
The close relationship that exists when two or
more species live together
Three types:
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Mutualism
Two or more organisms that live closely
together and benefit from each other
+/+ relationship
Example: algae and fungi – algae provide
food for the fungi and the fungi provide a
habitat for the algae
Commensalism
One organism benefits and the other organism
is neither helped nor harmed
+/neutral relationship
Example: clownfish and sea anemones –
clownfish receive food and protection from
the sea anemones they live inside of, but the
sea anemones are neither helped nor harmed
Parasitism
One organism benefits at the expense of the
other organism
+/- relationship
Example: heartworms and dogs – the
heartworm lives inside the dog and
benefits from the dog, but the dog
becomes sick
Classwork:
Complete the “Types of Interactions”
worksheet and glue into your notebook
under evidence #4
Due tomorrow!