intelligent energy: how can europe work with south asia? rainer sauerborn university of heidelberg...
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Intelligent Energy: how can Europe work with South Asia?
Intelligent Energy: how can Europe work with South Asia?
Rainer Sauerborn University of Heidelberg
Presentation at South Asia Democratic Forum Conference „The Merits of Regional Cooperation“Brussels, October 11, 2012
Focus and structure• Pattern of energy sources & uses in South Asia• Energy dimensions– Security of energy provision– Foreign currency dependence– Energy and deforestation– Energy for economic growth– Energy and Climate– Energy and health
• What are intelligent policies?
• Cooperation with EU?
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Security and energy
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Health and Energy
• Cooking with biomass• Climate change health effects call for
adaptation and active mitigation policies in South Asia
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Household Household EnergyEnergy
POVERTY• Reduces ability to switch to clean fuel• Use restricts economic development
POVERTY• Reduces ability to switch to clean fuel• Use restricts economic development
INCOME• Simple fuels restrictive• Time, poor environment
INCOME• Simple fuels restrictive• Time, poor environment
HEALTH• Indoor air: ARI, COPD, &c• Burns• Poisoning
HEALTH• Indoor air: ARI, COPD, &c• Burns• Poisoning
ENVIRONMENT• Local - supply and erosion• Global
ENVIRONMENT• Local - supply and erosion• Global
WOMEN• Opportunity cost of lost time• Injury & violence• Decision making
WOMEN• Opportunity cost of lost time• Injury & violence• Decision making
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Case study: Health effects of indoor air Case study: Health effects of indoor air pollution, India pollution, India
• 650 m people cook with biomass• =85% of all energy used in India• Health effects: indoor air pollution>smoking• 5-6% of total disease burden
WBGU, 2003
Case study: IndiaCase study: India
DALYs (millions)
ARI
COPD
lung cancer
blindness
TB
Asthma
IHDARICOPDlung cancerblindnessTBAsthmaIHD
K. Smith, 2000
Deforestation
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Main medium term health impacts ofclimate change
• Injuries/accidents • Direct heat effects• Diarrhea• Vector-borne diseases • Malnutrition
15Margarete Chan, Director of WHO, 2008
All are highly relevant for South Asia
Lag time
Days
Weeks
Months
Years
Health impacts of climate change
Density equalling cartogram. WHO regions scaled according to estimated mortality (per million people) in the year 2000, attributable to the climate change that occurred from 1970s to 2000. Gibbs et al, in prep.
Emissions of greenhouse gases
Density equalling cartogram. Countries scaled according to cumulative emissions in billion tonnes carbon equivalent in 2002. Gibbs et al, in prep.
Cumulative emissions: the perpetratorsResearch output on health impact & adaptation
Europe’s 20-20-20 objective
By the year 2020•reduce greenhouse gases by 20%•increase the share of renewables to 20%•improve energy efficiency by 20%
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Total budget till 2020 730 million €
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Intelligent energy (p
olicy) >
Kirk Smith, 2012
Transforming energy systems:
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Unintelligent disparity between emission reduction potential and research efforts
21Kirk Smith, 2012
What it takes-in Europe and in South Asia
• Political will • Behavioral change by individuals & households• Technology (smart grids, smart meters..)• Research• Resource mobilization
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Thank you!