integumentary system created by tina weber, 2011
TRANSCRIPT
Membrane Type and Membrane Type and FunctionFunction Cutaneous-Cutaneous---skin, --skin,
protectionprotection
Mucous-Mucous---lines body --lines body cavities open to exterior, cavities open to exterior, wetwet to capture pathogens to capture pathogens or aid in movementor aid in movement
Serous-Serous---lines body --lines body cavities closed to exterior, cavities closed to exterior, prevents friction between prevents friction between organsorgans
Synovial-Synovial---line capsules --line capsules surrounding joints, provide surrounding joints, provide smoothsmooth lubricated surface lubricated surface or cushionor cushion
FunctionsFunctions protection against mechanical protection against mechanical
damagedamage keratin toughens cellskeratin toughens cells pressure receptors alert nervous pressure receptors alert nervous
systemsystem bed soresbed sores occur when person not occur when person not
moved and pressure cuts off moved and pressure cuts off blood supplyblood supply
protection against chemical protection against chemical damagedamage impermeable keratinized cellsimpermeable keratinized cells painpain receptors alert nervous receptors alert nervous
systemsystem
protection against bacteriaprotection against bacteria unbroken surface with acidic unbroken surface with acidic
secretionssecretions phagocytes ingest phagocytes ingest
pathogenspathogens clogged glands lead to clogged glands lead to acneacne
protection against UV raysprotection against UV rays melanin (pigment) protects melanin (pigment) protects
cells nucleicells nuclei freckles and moles are freckles and moles are
accumulation of melaninaccumulation of melanin cold sores appear more cold sores appear more
often after often after sunbathingsunbathing
protection against protection against thermal damagethermal damage heat, cold and pain heat, cold and pain
receptors signal nervous receptors signal nervous systemsystem
burns cause cell death burns cause cell death and loss of and loss of fluidsfluids
prevents desiccation---prevents desiccation---drying outdrying out contains waterproofing contains waterproofing
substancessubstances cracks can lead to cracks can lead to
infectioninfection
controls heat loss and controls heat loss and retentionretention loss---sweat glands activated loss---sweat glands activated
and blood sent to skin capillariesand blood sent to skin capillaries retention---stops blood moving retention---stops blood moving
to capillariesto capillaries heat stroke occurs when body is heat stroke occurs when body is
unable to lose unable to lose heatheat helps with excretion of urea helps with excretion of urea
and uric acidand uric acid both are found in sweatboth are found in sweat inability to inability to sweatsweat can lead to can lead to
electrolyte imbalanceelectrolyte imbalance synthesizes vitamin Dsynthesizes vitamin D
cholesterol molecules converted cholesterol molecules converted by sunlightby sunlight
deficiency can lead to deficiency can lead to osteoporosisosteoporosis
Skin LayersSkin Layers Epidermis-Epidermis---outer, --outer,
hard and tough for hard and tough for protectionprotection
Dermis-Dermis---middle, --middle, contains glands, contains glands, follicles, blood follicles, blood vessels, vessels, nervenerve endingsendings
Hypodermis-Hypodermis---layer of --layer of fat that anchors skin fat that anchors skin to organsto organs
Cutaneous GlandsCutaneous Glands release secretions to skin surface via release secretions to skin surface via
ductsducts SebaceousSebaceous (oil) glands (oil) glands
all over skin except palms and all over skin except palms and solessoles secrete sebum---oil and fragmented secrete sebum---oil and fragmented
cells that lubricate skin, cells that lubricate skin, softensoften hair and hair and kill bacteriakill bacteria
most active during most active during adolescenceadolescence
SubdoriferousSubdoriferous (sweat) gland (sweat) gland spread throughout skinspread throughout skin secrete water, salts, vitamin C, urea, secrete water, salts, vitamin C, urea,
lactic acid---lactic acid---sweatsweat pH of 4-6 kills pH of 4-6 kills bacteriabacteria evaporating sweat carries large evaporating sweat carries large
amounts of body amounts of body heatheat away away
HairHair covers entire bodycovers entire body provides head cushion, shields eyes, provides head cushion, shields eyes,
captures pollen and dust entering captures pollen and dust entering nosenose
BURNSBURNS---tissue damage and cell ---tissue damage and cell death caused by heat, electricity, UV death caused by heat, electricity, UV
radiation, or chemicalsradiation, or chemicals First degreeFirst degree
epidermisepidermis damaged damaged red and swollenred and swollen heal in 2-3 days with no treatmentheal in 2-3 days with no treatment
Second degree burnSecond degree burn epidermis and upper dermis damagedepidermis and upper dermis damaged red, painful, red, painful, blistersblisters no scars if prevent infectionno scars if prevent infection
Third degree burnThird degree burn dermisdermis destroyed destroyed gray or blackened, no paingray or blackened, no pain skin grafts cover exposed tissueskin grafts cover exposed tissuehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bn9uMVxk8wI&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active
Rule of NinesRule of Nines measures volume of measures volume of waterwater lost in burn victim lost in burn victim body divided into 11 areasbody divided into 11 areas (9% each)(9% each)
Skin CancerSkin Cancer most common type most common type
in humansin humans causes include uv causes include uv
rays, frequent rays, frequent infection, infection, chemicals, or chemicals, or physical traumaphysical trauma
Basal Cell Basal Cell CarcinomaCarcinoma
least malignant and least malignant and mostmost common common cells can’t form keratincells can’t form keratin lesions occur on lesions occur on sunsun-exposed areas-exposed areas shiny, dome-shaped nodule, central shiny, dome-shaped nodule, central
ulcerulcer lesion removed surgicallylesion removed surgically
Squamous Cell CarcinomaSquamous Cell Carcinoma scalyscaly, reddened papule, shallow , reddened papule, shallow
ulcerulcer found on scalp, ears, hands, lips from found on scalp, ears, hands, lips from
sunsun grows grows rapidlyrapidly into lymph nodes into lymph nodes surgery or radiation therapysurgery or radiation therapy
Malignant Malignant MelanomaMelanoma
deadlydeadly found wherever found wherever
there is pigment there is pigment and in some molesand in some moles
spreading brown or spreading brown or black patchblack patch
spreads rapidly to spreads rapidly to lymph nodes and lymph nodes and blood vesselsblood vessels
50% survival50% survival
ABCD RuleABCD Rule Asymmetry---2 sides don’t Asymmetry---2 sides don’t matchmatch Border Irregularity---indentations along Border Irregularity---indentations along
edgeedge Color---Color---differentdifferent colors present colors present Diameter---larger than pencil Diameter---larger than pencil erasereraser
AgingAging newborn---thin, vessels visible, little newborn---thin, vessels visible, little fatfat adolescence---skin and hair more adolescence---skin and hair more oilyoily, acne, acne 20-30---optimal appearance20-30---optimal appearance 30-60---clogged pores cause 30-60---clogged pores cause pimplespimples, ,
scales and dermatitisscales and dermatitis 60+---subcutaneous tissue decreases, dries 60+---subcutaneous tissue decreases, dries
out, thinner, decreased out, thinner, decreased elasticityelasticity
ReviewReview http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072351136/s
tudent_view0/chapter5/chapter_quiz.html http://www.funtrivia.com/trivia-quiz/SciTech/The-http://www.funtrivia.com/trivia-quiz/SciTech/The-
Integumentary-System-58008.htmlIntegumentary-System-58008.html http://www.lrn.org/Content/Quizzes/Qskin.htmlhttp://www.lrn.org/Content/Quizzes/Qskin.html http://biologyonline.us/Online%20A&P/AP%201/http://biologyonline.us/Online%20A&P/AP%201/
Northland/AP%20Study%20Questions/Northland/AP%20Study%20Questions/Integumentary%20System.htmIntegumentary%20System.htm
http://quizlet.com/1225728/integumentary-system-http://quizlet.com/1225728/integumentary-system-quiz-flash-cards/quiz-flash-cards/
http://www.drstandley.com/http://www.drstandley.com/quiz_integumentary.shtmlquiz_integumentary.shtml
http://wps.aw.com/bc_marieb_happlace_7_oa/http://wps.aw.com/bc_marieb_happlace_7_oa/42/10965/2807112.cw/index.html42/10965/2807112.cw/index.html