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Integration of MigrantsNeli Esipova, Anita Pugliese, Kirti KanitkarGallup

Life of Native Born versus Migrants

Subjective wellbeing: evaluative and experiential (Kahneman and Riis, 2005)

In Wellbeing: The Five Essential Elements, Gallup researchers discuss the importance of career, social connections, personal economics, personal health, and community to a person’s overall wellbeing. (Rath and Harter, 2010)

Used this framework to describe the migrant experience: Subjective wellbeing, physical, financial, career, social, religion, community, and national institutions.

2Copyright © 2012 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Gallup World Poll

Annually polling between 120-150 countries covering over 98% of the World’s adult population

Nationally representative samples of size 1000 or greater of adult population 15 and older In countries where data is collected face-to-face – multi stage stratified

cluster samples In countries where data is collected over telephone – RDD or

nationally representative list of phone numbers Core questions asked across nations and over time to facilitate

trend analysis Regional and local questions that provide contextual data Interviewed more than 800,000 adults worldwide

Copyright © 2012 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.


Gallup World Poll data collected in 2009 and 2010.

15 EU member states:Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom

Migrants experiences in several domains: subjective wellbeing, physical, financial, career, social, community, and national institutions



25,380 interviews collected with individuals aged 15 and older via telephone or face-to-face Native born (N=23,032) Migrants who have lived in country five years or longer (Long-

timers; N=1,928) Migrants who have lived in country less than five years

(Newcomers; N=420)

Were you born in this country, or not? If not born in country, ask: In which country were you born? If not born in country, ask: Did you move to this country within the last five years?


Evaluative Wellbeing

Please imagine a ladder with steps numbered from zero at the bottom to ten at the top. Suppose we say that the top of the ladder represents the best possible life for you, and the bottom of the ladder represents the worst possible life for you.

On which step of the ladder would you say you personally feel you stand at this time?

Just your best guess, on which step do you think you will stand in the future, say about five years from now?

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Migrants’ evaluative wellbeing lower than native born

6.63

6.015.89

7.03

6.656.76

5.00

5.50

6.00

6.50

7.00

7.50

8.00

Native born (born in country ofresidence)

Long-timers (migrants incountry 5 yrs or more)

Newcomers (migrants incountry less than 5 yrs)

Life evaluation, present Life evaluation, future


Based on Cantril Self-Anchoring Striving Scale Note: Data are adjusted by age, gender, and education

Experiential Wellbeing: Migrants more likely than native born to report negative experiences

35%

20%

7%

34%

18%

41%

28%

11%

39%

24%

51%

34%

16%

45%

23%

0%

20%

40%

60%

Worry Sadness Depression Stress Anger

Native Born Long-timers Newcomers


Note: Data are adjusted by age, gender, and education

Migrants’ financial well-being improves over time, but do not reach level of native born

7% 6%

33%

83%

14% 12%20%

72%

20% 17% 14%

71%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Not enough money tobuy food

Not enough money toprovide adequate

shelter

Living comfortablyon income

Satisfaction withstandard of living

Native born Long-timers Newcomers



Newcomers optimistic about job opportunities; migrants less likely than native born to say job is ideal

28%

88%

72%

32%

84%

57%

44%

85%

51%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Satisfaction with availabilityof good job opportunities

Satisfaction with the job* Ideal Job*



Note: Data are adjusted by age, gender, and education*Data collected in 2010 only, among those working

Migrants are more likely to plan starting business

30%

4%

34%

8%

42%

8%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

Have you ever thought aboutstarting your own business?

Planning to start a businessin the next 12 months

Native born Long timers Newcomers



Migrants report fewer social connections than native born

6.25.7

5.3

9.4

7.3

8.0

5.05.56.06.57.07.58.08.59.09.5

10.0

Native born Long-timers Newcomers

Hours spent socially with friends and family yesterdayNumber of close frieds or relative you speak at least every two weeks


Note: Data are adjusted by age, gender, and educationData collected in 2010 only

Long-timers international network wanes over time

93%

32%

88%

63%

78% 75%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Relatives or friends youcan count on

Relatives or friends in another country youcan count on



Note: Data are adjusted by age, gender, and education*Data collected in 2010 only

Institutional confidence highest among migrants, especially newcomers

42% 43%36%

52%

35%29%

50% 47%43%

56%

41% 38%

57%53%

59% 59%

43%39%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Nationalgovernment

Approval of countryleader

Quality andintegraty of media

Judicial system andcourt

Financialinstitutions and

banks

Government isdoing enough

fighting corruption




Strong majorities in all three groups are positive about personal freedoms, meritocracy and youth development

72%77% 73%

82%72%

80%

72%

84%75%

83% 82%89%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

People in this countrycan get ahead by

working hard

Your freedom tochoose what you do

with your life

Children are treatedwith respect

Children haveopportunity to learn

and grow




Personal gains and losses from migration

Compared the lives of migrants in the 15 European Union countries studied in 2009 and 2010 with the lives of those who fit the same demographic profile in their countries of birth.

Migrants included in the analysis born in 106 countries

Each migrant respondent was assigned “imputed” ratings based on his/her age, gender, education, and country of birth


Personal gains and losses from migration

Gains and losses that migrant long-timers experience largely depend on the level of human development in their home countries. The bigger development gap between their home countries and EU country, the bigger the likely gains and losses for these migrants


Gain: Evaluative wellbeing (present life)

6.52

5.85 5.88

6.35

5.71

5.24

5.00

5.50

6.00

6.50

7.00

7.50

8.00

HDI 1 HDI 2 HDI 3/4

EU Motherland

**

The Cantril Self-Anchoring Striving Scale


Loss: More likely to report negative experiences

40%

28%

40%

34%30%

18%

24%19%

0%

20%

40%

60%

Worry Sadness Stress Anger

15 EU Countries Home Country


Includes respondents born in HDI 3 / 4

Gain: lower corruption

50% 50%42%

6%

78% 81%

41%

25%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Corruption inbusiness

Corruption in govt Govt doing enough tofight corruption

Faced bribe situation

15 EU Countries Home Country


Includes respondents born in HDI 3 / 4

Application of model to worldwide migrantsBy region where sample sizes large enough

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Next Steps

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No changes may be made to this document without the express written permission of Gallup, Inc.

Copyright © 2012 Gallup, Inc. All rights reserved.

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