installing and configuring a dhcp server on windows 2016 · installing and configuring a dhcp...

Installing and Configuring a DHCP Server on Windows 2016 Complete Lab (V1.0)

Ahmed Abdelwahed

Microsoft Certified Trainer

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Installing and Configuring a DHCP Server on Windows 2016

http://www.mycertprofile.com/Profile/3992184764

Contents Lab Objective ............................................................................................................................................................................. 3

Install DHCP role ........................................................................................................................................................................ 3

DHCP Post Installation Configuration .................................................................................................................................... 6

DHCP Authorization ........................................................................................................................................................... 6

Configuring DHCP ...................................................................................................................................................................... 9

Create and configure new scope ........................................................................................................................................... 9

Test DHCP functionality from Windows Client (Windows 10) ............................................................................................ 14

How DHCP client obtain automatic IP address (DORA)................................................................................................... 14

DHCP Scope Options ............................................................................................................................................................... 15

Address leases ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15

DHCP Exclusion .................................................................................................................................................................... 15

DHCP Reservation................................................................................................................................................................ 16

DHCP Filter .......................................................................................................................................................................... 18

Scope and Server options .................................................................................................................................................... 19

DHCP Classes ....................................................................................................................................................................... 21

Testing DHCP Class .............................................................................................................................................................. 26

DHCP Statistics .................................................................................................................................................................... 27

DHCP Advanced Options ......................................................................................................................................................... 29

Integration with DNS ........................................................................................................................................................... 29

Conflict detection ................................................................................................................................................................ 30

DHCP Maintenance ................................................................................................................................................................. 31



Lab Objective Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) automatically provide TCP/IP configuration including IP

address, subnet mask, DG, DNS server and other parameters. This lab provides the required knowledge

to install and manage the DHCP Server.

Install DHCP role We can install DHCP server role through server manager then add roles or from the PowerShell, follow

all the instructions in the figures below:

- First option from PowerShell

- Second from Server Manager



DHCP Post Installation Configuration

DHCP Authorization



DHCP must be authorized in Active Directory to lease IP addresses to DHCP clients, this process done by

domain admin account.



Configuring DHCP

Create and configure new scope DHCP scope, is a valid range of IP addresses that DHCP server lease to clients, to add and configure scope options follow

instructions as explained in the figures below. Run dhcpmgmt.msc to access DHCP wizard.

Note: you can change IP address range after scope created, but can’t ever change subnet mask.



Exclusions, you can remove an IP address or range of IP addresses from the pool of addresses that

DHCP server leased, so you can assign it in static way.

By default, DHCP leases set to 8 days, you can increase or decrease it according your requirement.



Configure most common DHCP options, also you can do it later.

Configure default gateway (DG) to obtained by DHCP.



Select DNS server to obtained by DHCP (in our scenario we have domain (DNS Server) named

itprolabs.xyz) which have two DNS servers 192.168.153.10 and 192.168.153.9

If you have WINs Server, you can add it here.



Activate your scope with options we configured, or you can activate later.

Your configuration successfully DONE, and DHCP ready to response to DHCP clients.



Test DHCP functionality from Windows Client (Windows 10)

How DHCP client obtain automatic IP address (DORA)

1- DHCPDiscover, DHCP client send broadcast message to the network to detect the DHCP server.

2- DHCPOffer, DHCP server which receive the Discover message also send broadcast message to DHCP client

that send the discover message to Offer TCP/IP configuration.

3- DHCPRequest, DHCP client broadcast request that contain accept for offered TCP/IP configuration.

4- DHCPACK, DHCP server replay broadcast with acknowledging client that now you have TCP/IP

configuration with lease duration.

After 50% of lease time client request DHCP server unicast to renew its lease duration, if the sever are

available, the server will response to the client with unicast DHCPAck and renew its lease time.

If there is anetwork connectivity problem between DHCp Server and client, the DHCP client will try again

to contact the DHCP server at 87.5% of lease time for renewal but at this point the process go broadcast

starting from DHCPRequest.

If still there are a network connectivity between DHCP server and its client the sever will lease the client

configuration to another client



DHCP Scope Options

Address leases Address leases tab show you computers that obtained TCP/IP configuration from DHCP server, with information

about lease expiration and clients MAC addresses.

DHCP Exclusion

as we have mentioned earlier, we can exclude IP or rang from DHCP scope leases here is we can

configure this option from this tab, also in this tab we will see DHCP scope rang, as explained in the

figures below



Exclude range from 192.168.153.100 – 192.168.153.110

DHCP Reservation

You can reserve specific IP address to specific client by assign specific IP to client MAC address, it is

useful when you are setting up network devices such as printers, network storage, or server.



Also, you can reserve IP address to leased computer or network device, as explained in the figure below.



DHCP Filter

You can force DHCP to only response to specific clients by adding MAC addresses to allow list filter, also,

you can deny any DHCP client request from specific computers by adding MAC addresses to deny list

filter.



Note: by default, allow and deny lists are disabled, if you enable allow list DHCP only response to client

in this list.

Scope and Server options

Here is we can configure or change configured scope and server option, like DNS and default gateway,

scope option is applied on specific scope and server option is applied to all scopes under the DHCP

server. In this example, we will change default gateway in both scope and server option.

Note: if there is a conflict between scope and server option, scope option will be applied (most

restrictive)



DHCP Classes

Provide a way to configure specific clients with different or separate parameters (DNS, GW. ….), There

are three types of classes:

1- Default Class, created automatic with DHCP installation and all clients by default are configured as

the default class clients. 2- Vendor Class, created manually, it provides a different TCP/IP configuration to the DHCP client

computers, based on vendor for example I need to configure different options like DNS or GW to

all computers that running windows 10 or all Dell computers.

3- User Class, created manually, it provides a different TCP/IP configuration to the DHCP client

computers

In our scenario, default DHCP DNS parameter 192.168.153.9 which distributed to default class, now we

will add DHCP user Class named managers to provide different 192.168.153.10 DNS to members of this

class, to configure this option as explained in the figures below, two-steps required first one is to create

DHCP User class, next to apply DHCP policy to provide different DNS server (192.168.153.10) to Manager

class.



Testing DHCP Class

- Run ipconfig /all to the client that have default class, then assign the client network card to the

Managers class by applying the following command ipconfig /setclassid “ethernet0” Managers,

after that test or verify changes by running ipconfig /all

Note: ethernet0 is the network card name, change it according to client network card name



- To back client again to default class, remove Managers class by running this command, ipconfig

/setclassid “ethernet0” no

DHCP Statistics

Here is you will get some important statistics like number of leased IP addresses and available address

pool.



DHCP Advanced Options

Integration with DNS

When the client obtains IP address from the DHCP server there is an option to allow DHCP to add A DNS

record for this client in DNS server.



Conflict detection

There is an option to allow DHCP server to trying to detect IP address conflict before it leased to client



DHCP Maintenance Here are some regular and important maintenance tasks, like, backup and restore to another server,

stop and restart DHCP service also if you want to unauthorize your server.

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