inside earth chapter 3.3 pages 103-107
DESCRIPTION
Volcanic . Landforms. Inside Earth Chapter 3.3 Pages 103-107. Shield Volcano. ?. Shield Volcano : a wide base mountain with very gentle slopes Lava pours out in thin layers and harden on top of older layers . Viscosity = Low. Viscosity. Viscosity. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Inside Earth Chapter 3.3Pages 103-107
Volcanic Landforms
Shield Volcano• Shield Volcano: a wide base mountain
with very gentle slopes– Lava pours out in thin layers and harden on top
of older layers.– Viscosity = Low
?
Viscosity• Viscosity is a substance’s resistance to flow• How much a substance tries NOT to flow• “Go with the flow” vs. “Going against the
flowing”
Viscosity
Cinder Cone• Cinder Cone: steep, cone-shaped hill or
mountain– May produce ash, cinders and bombs– Paricutin in Mexico (424m high)– Viscosity = High
Composite Volcano• Composite: gently steeping, cone-shaped
volcano which alternates eruptions of lava flows and violent eruptions (ash, cinder and bombs)
• Viscosity = High/Low• Examples: Mt. St Helens, Mt.
Fuji in Japan
Exit PassWhat are the 3 types of
volcanoes? Describe one of them.
Lava Plateau• High, level areas formed by lava
flows• Thin lava floods out, travels far
before cooling & solidifying• Flooding process repeats again
& again, building up high plateaus over millions of years– Columbia Plateau
(Washington, Oregon, & Idaho)
Caldera• Massive eruption empties the main vent and
magma chamber beneath the volcano• The hollow mountain then collapses inward
due to lack of support• A Caldera is the large hole left behind• Fills with pieces of the volcano, ash and water– Crater Lake in Oregon
Soils from Lava & Ash• Ash releases potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen,
and other materials that plants need• Soil develops and plants are able to grow
Volcanic Neck• Forms from when magma hardens in a
volcano’s pipe– The softer rock wears away, exposing the hard rock
(weathering and erosion)
Sill• Magma that squeezes in between layers of
rock and solidifies (Horizontal like a window sill)
• Which letter shows the sill?B in the diagram
Dike• Hans Brinker, The Silver Skates
Dike• Magma that forces itself across rock layers and
solidifies (Vertical cuts through rock layers)• Which letter shows the dike?
C in the diagram
Batholith• Large rock masses that form the core of many
mountain ranges• Formed when a large body of magma cools
inside the crust• Which is batholith?– D in the diagram.
Dome Mountain• Formed by smaller
bodies of magma, when rising magma is blocked by horizontal layers of rock.– Forces rock layers to bend
upward into a dome shape.
– Rock layers above eventually erodes and leave the core exposed.
Exit PassWhat are 2 types of volcanic landforms? Describe one of
them.
What to Work On
• Answer Section 3.3 Review questions on page 107 (#s 1-3)
• Read and Outline Chapter 3.4, Volcanoes in the Solar System