INQUIRY 10/6 and 7

No Warm-Up Today!Stand by for new seats!

Then….Please take out your “Forest Walk Lab”

Self-Check: Forest Walk Lab

1. Drawing or description of four itemsa. At least 2 traits that help it survive

2. Description of how you grouped the 12-16 items from your whole groupa. List of traits each group shares in common

3. Description of differences WITHIN ONE of those groups

4. Answer to two analysis questions (on your table)

Learning Targets

• I can hypothesize the 8 characteristics that group ALL living things together.

• I can hypothesize the traits that make groups of organisms different from each other.

What is Life? LabIt is alive because… It is not alive

because…Teddy BearBacteriaSkullAppleSeedsHouseplant

Eight Traits all living things share:

Time for Notes!

What is Life?

• Biology is the study of living things• Living things are divided into six kingdoms

based on genetic and physical similarities:– Plants, animals, fungi, protists, bacteria,

archaebacteria

• Living things (organisms) are extremely diverse, but share eight characteristics in common

Plants

ArchaebacteriaFungi

Animals

Protists

Bacteria

Characteristics of Life

• Characteristic One: Organisms are made of units called cells

• Organisms can be unicellular (made of one cell) or multicellular (made of many cells)

Characteristics of Life

• Characteristic Two: Reproduction• All living things reproduce themselves• Reproduction is asexual (one parent) or sexual

(two parents)

Characteristics of Life

• Characteristic Three: Based on genetic code• Organisms have DNA or RNA that is a

blueprint for creating them• DNA or RNA is passed on to offspring

Characteristics of Life

• Characteristic Four: Growth and Development• All organisms grow, either by enlarging their

one cell or dividing their cells millions of times

Characteristics of Life

• Characteristic Five: Need for materials and energy• Organisms create and break down molecules to fuel

their chemical reactions• The four molecules we use are proteins, fats,

carbohydrates, and nucleic acids• This is called metabolism

Characteristics of Life

• Characteristic Six: Response to environment

• Organisms detect and react to stimuli in their environment

• Stimuli are internal (like your blood sugar) or external (like plants reacting to sunlight)

Characteristics of Life

• Characteristic Seven: Internal balance• Organisms keep their internal environment

stable through homeostasis• Ex: Body temperature

– when you get too hot, you sweat to cool your skin– when you get too cold, you shiver to warm your

body

Characteristics of Life

• Characteristic Eight: Evolution• Populations of organisms change over time in

response to their environment• Changes are only significant over long periods

of time

Learning Targets

• I can hypothesize the 8 characteristics that group ALL living things together.

• I can hypothesize the traits that make groups of organisms different from each other.

• How are these organisms SIMILAR?• How are these organisms DIFFERENT?• WHY would they be different?

Homologous Structures

• One way that organisms are grouped together is by body structures called Homologous Structures– Traits in different organisms that can be explained

by a common ancestor that also shared the traits.– Examples: Whales, humans, birds, and all

vertebrates have the same “hand” bones

These are all in the Kingdom AnimaliaWhat traits might make scientists create even smaller groups?Now we can analyze DNA to see if they are correct!

Break Time!

• Please log in to a netbook.

Check for Understanding

• Write down at least four traits that apply to all living things.

• Write down at least two traits of animals that caused them to be put in a group together.

• Write down at least one trait of mammals that caused them to be split up into an even smaller group.

Gifts from the Past

• Title your next lab“Gifts from the Past”

• Copy Focus Question:– What can Fossils & Rock Layers tell us about

ancient life on Earth?– (Leave 3-4 lines to answer this next time)

What Could You Infer?

• Imagine you found these in your backyard:

• What did your backyard likely look like long long ago?• Are similar organisms around today?• What other evidence would help you learn more about these

organisms?

Determining Fossil Environment

• With each fossil:– Draw what it looks like in your notebook.– Does it look like anything alive today?– What type of environment did it live in?

Things Rocks Can Tell Us

1. What lived in that environment.

Types of Fossils

Trace fossils – markings left by animals (footprints, trail, burrow).

Casts – Minerals fill a space left by a decaying organism.

Petrified Fossils – Minerals penetrate, replace hard parts of organism, producing a copy.

Types of Fossils con’t.

Imprints – Thin object that leaves an imprint when sediment hardens.

Molds – Organism is buried then decays, leaving a gap.

Amber-Preserved / Frozen – An organism is trapped in ice or sap that hardens.

How is this a “Gift from the Past?”

Due Next Time

• The deadline for all missing work and test retakes is extended to Thursday at 4pm.

• Do what you need to do to bring your grade up!