innovative systems -...

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Ball State Architecture | ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 2 | Grondzik 1

INNOVATIVE SYSTEMSa look at some trending systems

wave energy systemhttp://interestingengineering.com/innovative-system-produces-clean-energy-from-waves/


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HVAC INNOVATIONS


HEAT EXCHANGERS

Architectural Graphic Standards, 10th Ed., Wiley

HRV:heat recovery ventilator

provides for sensibleheat exchange; usually by passing intake and exhaust air streams next to each other—separated by a metal divider plate

reduces the amount of energy required to heat/cool outdoor air for ventilation

not really a new idea, just good fundamental design

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HEAT EXCHANGERS

Architectural Graphic Standards, 10th Ed., Wiley

ERV:energy recovery ventilator

provides for sensibleand latent heat exchange; by passing intake and exhaust air streams through a chemically treated rotating wheel heat exchanger

reduces the amount of energy required to heat/cool outdoor air for ventilation


HEAT EXCHANGERS

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HRV is shown as a fundamentalelement in a passive house

passive house on HERS scale(Home Energy Rating System)

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basic conceptERV in solar decathlon house


LOOPED HEAT PUMPS

• In a building with reasonably balanced zone loadings (heat losses similar to heat gains) boiler and cooling tower operation can be minimized

• The water loop can act as a transfer loop to move heat around a building to where it is needed

• With near-room-temperature water as a source, the heat pumps can operate with high COPs—saving energy

seldom required

not really a trendy system, but an interesting concept

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GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMPS

not truly an innovative system today, but applications tend to be innovative

University of Oregon | ECS 1 | Grondzik 10

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Ball State Previously used a Coal/Gas Boiler and Water-Cooled Chiller System

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Electrically-Driven Ground Source Heat Pumps Provide Both Heating and Cooling Effect

during construction after construction


BSU North Plant Building

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The Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle as an Air-Cooled, Water-Cooled, or Ground-Cooled System

heat from system to outdoors

heat from room into system

100 F air DB

85 F air WB

50 F soil DB

75 F air DB

45 F

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UFAD: UNDERFLOOR AIR DISTRIBUTION

www.architechweb.com/.../5131/Default.aspx

suggested benefits as described

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UFAD: UNDERFLOOR AIR DISTRIBUTION

news.cision.com

consider what can happen to the ceiling plane

tateinc.com

diffusers

diffusers


CHILLED BEAMS

www.treehugger.com/.../11/chilled_beams_f.php

these claims needto be rationallyevaluated; latentcooling is aserious issue

suggested benefits as described

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CHILLED BEAMS

www.dadanco.com.au

consider what happens

to the ceiling plane

www.mccoysales.com


DOAS: DEDICATED OUTDOOR AIR SYSTEM

www.reliant.com/en_US/Page/Generic/Public/

←options OA system↑

suggested benefit is consistent

ventilation that is independent

of control for thermal comfort

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www.buildingscience.com

IAQ part of system

thermal comfort part of system

in this case, an air-water distribution approach



www.hpac.com

rationale for aDEDICATEDOA system

100% design OA flow 30% design OA flow

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ELECTRICAL INNOVATIONS


MICROGRIDS In many respects, microgrids are smaller versions of the traditional power grid. Like current electrical grids, they consist of power generation, distribution, and controls such as voltage regulation and switch gears. However, microgrids differ from traditional electrical grids by providing a closer proximity between power generation and power use, resulting in efficiency increases and transmission reductions. Microgrids also integrate with renewable energy sources such as solar, wind power, small hydro, geothermal, waste-to-energy, and combined heat and power (CHP) systems.

http://www.generalmicrogrids.com/#!about-microgrids/c1r3e

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SMART GRIDS

Smart grids will provide more electricity to meet rising demand, increase reliability and quality of power supplies, increase energy efficiency, be able to integrate low carbon energy sources into power networks. smart grids possess demand response capacity to help balance electrical consumption with supply, as well as the potential to integrate new technologies to enable energy storage devices and the large-scale use of electric vehicles. Computers will provide the smarts.

http://new.abb.com/smartgrids/what-is-a-smart-grid

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DCGRIDS

Today, with few exceptions, the electric grid is predominately AC. However, it appears that DC power grids may be on the verge of a comeback of sorts. Digital equipment, solar PV, storage batteries, electric vehicles and other end-use devices all require DC power. Data centers are chockfull of such devices and for several years there has been a movement toward DC data centers. Additionally, others are calling for our houses to embrace DC power, as well. Some say there is a larger role for DC power on our grids to improve stability and enhance reliability. http://tdworld.com/grid-opt-smart-grid/growing-dc-power

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DCGRIDS

Article 706, Energy Storage Systems – As noted in

the Scope, this proposed Article “applies to all

permanently installed energy storage systems

(ESS) that may be stand-alone or interactive

with other electric power production sources.”

Article 712, DC Microgrids – As defined in Sec. 712.2, a “a direct current microgrid is a power distribution system consisting of one or more interconnected DC power sources, DC-DC converters, DC loads, and AC loads powered by DC-AC inverters. A DC microgrid is typically not directly connected to an AC primary source of electricity, but some DC microgrids interconnect via one or more DC-AC bidirectional converters or DC-AC inverters.”


LIGHTING INNOVATIONS

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Lighting technology (lamps/luminaires) and design processes (including simulations) are fairly advanced. It is likely that innovations moving forward will involve incremental improvements in lamps (with associated code changes) and more sophisticated control devices and strategies.

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INDUCTION LAMP

www.ventilux.com www.av.net.au



melanopic illuminance

melanopic lux

thespinnakergroupinc.com

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PLUMBING INNOVATIONS


WATERLESS

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reduce the use of valuable andenergy-intensive potablewater for waste removal

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LIVING MACHINE

www.dwell.com/post/article/look-living-machine-systems


www.quadlock.com/insulated-concrete-forms/green_roofs.htm

GREENROOFS

as partof a

drainage system

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GREENROOFS

as partof an

integrated system

www.igra-world.com/engineering/solar_energy.php


WATER ACCOUNTING

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FIRE PROTECTION INNOVATIONS



Fire protection technology and design processes are fairly advanced. Fire protection is also rigidly controlled by building codes. It is likely that innovations moving forward will involve incremental improvements in code requirements and better understanding of smoke control strategies.

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RESIDENTIALFIRE SPRINKLERS

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RESIDENTIALFIRE SPRINKLERS

Special edition of the NFPA Journal,November 2016


ELEVATOR INNOVATIONS

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CONTROLS

www.mitsubishielectric.com/elevator/innovations/control_system.html

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