information systems/ artificial intelligence and emerging technologies sections january 11, 2008 –...
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Information Systems/Artificial Intelligence and Emerging
Technologies SectionsJanuary 11, 2008 – Redondo Beach, CA
Sue Haka, President-elect ([email protected] )
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Challenges & Opportunities• Lack of adequate data about accounting programs & faculty, about
the profession, and for purposes of research;
• Decrease in full-time faculty positions in accounting and PhD shortage;
• Increased challenges to accounting as an academic discipline
• Impact of technology on development and distribution of intellectual property, teaching, and conducting scholarship
• Globalization, associated regulations, and impact on accounting
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Future of Accounting Faculty and Programs Project
• Data collection project on the accounting academic workforce– Status and comparisons
• Partnership with the AICPA• Final report – January 2008• Based on data from National Study of Postsecondary
Faculty (NSOPF)• Next steps – information on programs, curricula, faculty
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AAA and AICPA commissioned research by David Leslie using the National Study of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF) data base shows:
• The total number of accounting faculty (all institutions, all ranks) declined an estimated 13.3% between 1993 and 2004.
• Most serious loss of full-time faculty has occurred at 4-year, non-doctoral-granting universities – amounting to 31% of the 1993 total.
• Student (undergraduate) enrollment has increased 12.33% over the same period.
(Based on testimony by David Leslie at Treasury Department Hearings December 2, 2007 http://www.treas.gov/offices/domestic-finance/acap/submissions/12032007/ )
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Table 3: Number of all accounting faculty at all types of institutions (including 2-year) by tenure status, and percent change from 1993 to 2004.
-13.3%17,61017,40020,321Total
-9.8%10,92211,10012,112Not Eligible
-19.9%1,9091,4002,384On-Track
-18.0%4,7794,9005,825Tenured
% Change
200419991993
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Table 1: NSOPF estimated number of full-time, tenure eligible faculty in accounting and all other business fields, 1993 – 2004. (Institutions offering baccalaureate degrees and higher.)
+20.20%20,35216,02716,933
All other business
fields.
-19.11%512145556331Accounting
% Change
200419991993
In contrast, business fields other than accounting have added substantial numbers during the same period (also see Fogarty & Markarian, IAE, 2007).
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Table 4: Estimated (total) undergraduate enrollment in accounting (AICPA) and net change, 1999-00 to 2003-04.
12.33%143,735 141,175133,435134,775127,960Estimated (total) under-graduate enrollment
% Change
2003-04 2002-032001-022000-011999-00Year
During the same time, the aggregate number of students per faculty member in accounting has increased from 20.5:1 to over 28:1.
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Does Your Classroom Look Like This??????????—mine is packed!
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0
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25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79
U.S. Accounting Academics -- 53.4% are 55 or older
Per birth date estimate analysis – J.R. Hasselback 2007
(n = 3082 represented in this data analysis exercise)
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Figure 8: NSOPF estimated number (1000's) of male accounting faculty under age 40 and over age 55, 1993 - 2004
0
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Males93 Males04
Under age 40
Over age 55
Linear (Under age 40)
Linear (Over age 55)
Figure 9: NSOPF estimated number (1000's) of female accounting faculty under age 40 and over age 55, 1993 - 2004.
0
0.5
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Females93 Females04
Under age 40
Over age 55
Linear (Under age 40)
Linear (Over age 55)
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Demographics of Professoriate Show:
• The number of accounting faculty are declining
• A large majority of current faculty are near retirement
• The number of students enrolled in accounting is increasing
• What about the supply side of the professoriate
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Figure 10: Average annual production of Ph.D.'s in accounting
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1980-84 1985-89 1990-94 1995-99 2000-04 2005
Nu
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Ph.D. production has remained relatively steady at roughly 140 per year (with annual fluctuations) over the past 10 years.
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Additional data from (Fogarty & Markarian, IAE, 2007, 153)
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Conclusion by David Leslie to Treasury committee:
Demand for replacement faculty in accounting is estimated at roughly 500 per year for the next 5 – 10 years, while available supply is estimated to be about half of that.
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• Accounting’s place in the academy is in question--Tuttle and Dillard (2007, p. 396, Accounting Horizons) show a drop in diversity of accounting research:
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• More evidence (2007, p. 398)
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“Publishing in the Majors…” Swanson (Contemporary Accounting Research 2007 p. 247) shows accounting research productivity is lower than other disciplines
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Other Related Business School Issues:
• Dominance of the MBA
• Accounting’s role in the MBA
• Financial pressures (and accounting salaries are relatively high)
• Minimization of PhD support (Fogarty & Markarian 2007)
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Faculty Demographics
PhD Demographics
Business School Factors
Accounting Research Issues
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• How to move forward?
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A new AAA long-run strategic initiative starting with a
common vision
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Our mission is straightforward. . .
We bring together the academic community to further accounting education and to advance the discipline and profession of accounting.
Developing a Shared VisionAAA Executive Committee
Council/Section/Region Leadership
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We achieve our mission through four focused areas of activity
Expanding Knowledge and Idea
Development
Expanding Knowledge and Idea
Development
Promoting Effective Learning
Promoting Effective Learning
Informing and Influencing
Policy & Practice
Informing and Influencing
Policy & Practice
Advancing Faculty Careers
Advancing Faculty Careers
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Three Related Major Strategic Initiatives:
• Membership Growth
• Member Value Proposition
• AAACommons Platform
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Member Group / Area of Focus
PhD Students They are the future of the AAA and critical for its growth.
Faculty at institutions with fewer graduate programs
Colleagues with workloads more heavily focused in teaching than research.
Non-tenure track faculty
They are growing in numbers and currently have many unmet needs.
High Growth
Potential
International Members International members can provide significant value to AAA. Potential is high, particularly in emerging economies.
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Supporting discovery development and dissemination of knowledge and ideas through scholarship
Advocating innovation and development in accounting education
Using ideas and knowledge to inform and influence policy and practice
Support and Foster the Origination of Ideas and
Knowledge
Teaching
Research
Administration
Interaction with Practice
Principal Sources for Member and Institution Development and Career
Success
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AAACommonsIntegrated Platform Plans
AAAJournals AAAPubs AccountingCommons
AAA Journals Assoc-wide & Section
New journals – CIIA and MAS Cases
Experimental journals
Proceedings Podcasts
Working papers Collaborative tools MySpace for Faculty
Case database Teaching materials database
Interactive Social Networking Platform
Connecting the accounting education community
Full AAA brand Active AAA brand Variable brand “In partnership with the AAA”
Su
bsc
rip
tio
nO
pen
Access
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From publications to interactive platform
• Three Association-wide journals• Electronic access now AAA member default• 10 Section journals (3 electronic only)• Renewing monograph series (Studies in Accounting
Research-contact Arnie Wright [email protected] )• New journal platform launched in 2006• Launch of new format electronic journal
Current Issues in Auditing – Auditing Section partnership
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• Advancing dialogue between academics and practitioners on current issues facing the auditing practice community.
•Short papers authored by academics, practitioners, and regulators
•Addressing timely, substantive, relevant issues
•Maximum 2,500 words of text and should not include complex statistics or models.
•Effective, concise writing style
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More strategic projects• Environmental Scanning Task Force-
focusing on International Issues• Joint FSA/AAA Subcommittee to develop
financial valuation teaching materials– Chaired by Mary Stone
• Expanding Placement services• Developing relationships to secure access to
data for research • Research Impact Task Force
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1500
1700
1900
2100
2300
2500
2700
2900
3100
2004 2005 2006 2007
Annual Meeting Attendance Growth Trend
Orlando San Francisco Washington DC Chicago
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Breadth in the AnnualMeeting Program Sessions
2002San Ant.
2003Hawai’i
2004ORL
2005SF
2006DC
2007CHI
Papers X X X X X XPanels X X X X X XCPE X X X X X XResearch Forum* X X X X X XEffective LearningStrategies Forum
X X X X X
New Scholars Concurrents
X X X
Ed Comm Sessions X X X
E&I Research Forum X XExpanded
practice/educ. panelsX X
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You Can Make A Difference• The strategy is intended to benefit current members of
the AAA and those who will join us in the future (http://aaahq.org/about/AAAShareVisionDocumentJan08fnl_4_.pdf )
• Its ultimate success will depend on you to: – Share ideas– Contribute to the strategic initiatives– Support and drive implementation– If you are asked to participate, please do. Better yet, volunteer to
help where you have the interest and the skills to make a contribution.
• How to get involved:– Contact your Section or Region leadership– Contact AAA Headquarters– Contact any member of the Executive Committee
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