infections of oro facial & neck region b
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Spreading type of infection
• Into soft tissue –intra oral or extra oral swelling or abscess depending on muscle attachments.
• Spread into adjacent surgical spaces along facial planes – cellulitis.
• More dangerous distant spread
![Page 2: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Maxillary teeth– Molars
• PALATAL ABSCESS• BUCCAL VESTIBULAR/ SULCULAR ABSCESS • FACIAL SWELLING OR ABSESS – which may
lead to cellilitis.
![Page 3: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
– Anterior & Premolars.• Palatal abscess.• Labial abscess.
Cellulitis from maxillary teeth cause swelling of upper half of face direction towards eye may cause dangerous complication – CAVERNOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS.
![Page 4: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Mandibular premolars and molars.– Labial or buccal vestibular / sulcular abscess.– Lingual palate perforation – depending on
mylohyoid muscle – infection or pus or exudation may involve submandibular/ sublingual spaces – LUDWIG’S ANGINA.
![Page 6: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Mandibular anterior teeth.– Incisors or canines.
• If pus perforate above mentalis – labial abscess.• Below insertion of mentalis cause subcutaneous
abscess. Most often between two mentalis muscles.
![Page 7: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Usually odontogenic infection remained confined in the peri apical area or periodontal pockets.
• Peri apical infections may perforate cortex and form local abscess or spread intra medullary chronic infection or focal osteomyelitis.
![Page 8: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• But depending on;– The number and virulence of micro
organisms, type and severity of mechanical or chemical irritant and defense of the host;
– Or initial PAI is not completely or adequately treated.
• It may lead to spreading type of infection– Cellulitis.
• Or may spread to adjacent facial and cervical or distant spaces
![Page 9: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
FACIAL SPACES
• Fascia–lined areas-- potential spaces that do not exist in healthy persons.
• They become filled by pus or exudation during infection.
• Some contain neurovascular structure– compartments.
• Others filled with loose areolar CT-- Clefts
![Page 10: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Primary facial spaces
• Primary spaces are adjacent to tooth bearing area & are directly involved by infection.
• Primary maxillary spaces.» Canine
» Buccal
» Infratemporal.
• Primary mandibular spaces.» Submental.
» Buccal.
» Submandibular.
» Sublingual.
![Page 11: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Secondary Facial Spaces
• Secondary spaces are away or lie more posteriorly tooth bearing area and are lined with a CT fascia which has poor blood supply.
• Involvement of these spaces produce more complicated infective conditions.
• They are;
![Page 12: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• Masseteric.
• Pterygomandibular.
• Superficial & deep temporal.
This group is also known as the MASTICATOR SPACE because muscle & fascia of mastication bound them.
![Page 13: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Cervical Facial Spaces
– Uncommon occurrence.– But spread to deep cervical spaces may have
life threatening sequelae. • Lateral pharyngeal.• Retropharyngeal.• Prevertebral.
![Page 14: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
PRIMARY MAXILLARY SPACES
![Page 15: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Primary mandibular spaces 1
![Page 21: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
• When bilateral submandibular, sublingual & submental spaces become involved --- Ludwig's angina.
• It is a rapidly spreading cellulitis and commonly spread to secondary mandibular spaces.
• This usually produce life threatening condition.
![Page 25: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Cervical Facial Spaces
![Page 26: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Principles of management• Determine the severity of infection
• Evaluate the state of patient’s host defense mechanism
• Determine , whether treated by GDP or refer to specialist
• Appropriate antibiotic & their proper administration
• Treat infection surgically
• Diet & i-v fluids
• Evaluate pts frequently
![Page 27: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
MANAGEMENT
• Proper diagnosis.• Antibiotics.• Other Adjuncts.• I & D
![Page 28: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Infections of Oro Facial & Neck Region b](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/54493e9ab1af9f5b618b4ef8/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)