INFECTION CONTROL

ORIENTATION

MS. SUBASHINI KALIRAJNURSE SUPERVISORINFECTION CONTROL NURSE COORDINATOR

Objectives: To know the structure of Infection Control Department in PSAUH Define infection control and Nosocomial infection. Steps of hand washing. Understand the Sequence of using personal protective

equipments. Reporting communicable diseases. Updates on MERS CoV

Functions of Infection Control Department Conducting lectures in infection control.

Conducting infection control workshops in Hand Hygiene Personal Protective Equipment Needle stick Blood splash and spills Conducting audits in various hospital departments. Reporting communicable diseases to ministry of health. Conducting pre-travel and post -travel medical check-ups to all staffs. Running Staff health clinic Conducting campaign to vaccinate all staffs,students against all

vaccine preventable diseases.

Definitions:? Infection Control : Infection Control can be defined as measures practiced by healthcare personnel in healthcare facilities to decrease transmission and acquisition of infectious agents.? Nosocomial infections :Nosocomial infections are those that originate or occur in a hospital.An infection found to be active, or under active treatment at the time of the survey, which as not present on admission. In general, infections that manifest after 48 hours of admission are generally considered to be nosocomial in origin.

Microorganism: an organism that is microscopic (usually too small to be seen by the naked human eye). Includes:

BacteriaFungiViruses Parasites

NORMAL FLORA Microorganisms (usually bacteria) that are

found on healthy human body surfaces Each body site has its own normal flora

Normal flora can cause infection if numbers are high or host is compromised

A pathogenic microorganism is capable of causing disease.

COLONIZATION vs INFECTION

Colonization occurs when microorganisms inhabit a specific body site (such as the skin) but don't cause signs and symptoms of infection

Infection is clinical signs of illness or inflammation (e.g., localized pain/tenderness, redness, warmth, swelling; pus; fever) due to tissue damage caused by invasion by the microorganism

Chain of Infection

Susceptible Host(age, chronic illness)

Causative Agent(fungus, virus, bacteria)

Reservoir(people,equipment, water, food)

Exit Portal(excretions, secretions, blood) Mode of

Transmission(contact, airborne,vehicle, vector)

Entry Portal (respiratory, GI,mucus membranes, broken skin)

How do we prevent transmission of microorganisms?

universal precautionsHand washing.

Using PPE.Proper Disposal of waste.

Is the single most effective method of

preventing the spread of microorganisms Can reduce infections by 50% Costs almost nothing!

Hand washing

When coming on duty, Before applying and after removing gloves, When the hands are obviously soiled, Between handling of individual patients, Before patients contact, Before and after personal use of toilet, After sneezing, coughing, blowing or wiping the nose or

mouth, On leaving isolation area or after handling articles from an

isolation area, After handling used sputum containers, soiled urinals,

catheters and bedpans, On completion of duty.

When to Wash or Sanitize Your Hands ?

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTS STEPS OF

DONNING

HAND WASHING

STEPS OF REMOVING

GOWNGLOVES GOGGLES

HAND WASHING

MASK

Clinical Waste Yellow BagsSharp syringes,

needles, etc.Sharps

ContainersChemical Orange cans

Body parts Red bagsGeneral waste Blue bags

WASTE DISOSAL

Type of precautions

Spread by Examples Prevention of spreading

Standard Blood borne HIV,HbsAg.

Hand washing PPE.

Airborne Droplet nuclei <5microns

Chickenpox,measles,TB.

N95 respirator,isolation room

Droplet Droplet nuclei >5microns

Influenza,pertussisDiphtheria,Meningitis.

Mask and respirator

contact Direct contact MRSA,Diarrhea,Scabies.

Hand washing,Glovinggowning

SPECIFIC ISOLATION

Immediate Weekly Monthly

Suspected cholera Hepatitis A,B,C All cases with infections irrespective of Immediate and Weekly notification.

Jaundice Salmonella  Tetanus Amoebiasis  

Diphtheria Tuberculosis  Measles Malaria  Varicella Shigella  Mumps Heamophilus  

Whooping cough    Meningeal irritation    

Upper respiratory tract infection with un explained fever

Suspected MERS CoV

   

Bronchitis    

REPORTABLE DISEASES

Updates of MERS CoV

Based upon the statistics of MOH as on 26 may

The total number of cases recorded in the Kingdom between 2012 and today is 1006.

559 recovered,440 passed away and 6 on active Treatment

Comparing to 2014, the number of cases during the months of April and May is decreased in 2015.

To wash your hands frequently To get appropriate immunizations To practice respiratory etiquette Get treatment when sick Don’t send your kids to school sick

And Don’t Forget:

THANK YOU