inf2007 stockolm guide to implement vacuum waste collection process _envac

8/3/2019 INF2007 Stockolm Guide to Implement Vacuum Waste Collection Process _envac

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E N V A C S G U I D E T o H A M M A R B y S j S T A D

Waste solutions in a sustainable urban development


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Hammarby Sjstad a beacon o sustainable urban development

The project began with the aspiration to become the host or the 2004Olympic Games. A very ambitious environmental concept was there-

ore developed. Although Stockholm and Hammarby Sjstad was un-

successul in its bid to host the Olympics, this city district has evolved

to become one o the fnest examples o sustainable urban develop-

ment in the world today. Every year, thousands o visitors come rom all

corners o the globe to draw inspiration rom the attractive architecture

and technological solutions. Envacs underground waste transporta-

tion system is a critical part o the districts sustainability programme.In this document, we hope to illustrate how Envacs solutions have

been integrated into residential environments and the environmental

liecycle or the beneft o the residents and our environment.


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High environmental goals led to ...

The City o Stockholm has im-

posed stringent environmen-tal requirements on buildings,

technical installations and the

trafc environment.

A specic environmental programme was

drawn up or Hammarby Sjstad with the

aim o halving the total environmental im-

pact in comparison with a district built in

the early 1990s. The strict environmental

requirements demanded completely new

environmental solutions. The Hammarby

Sjstad project oce employed a new

methodology under which sta rom di-

erent administrations/authorities sat in the

same premises, right rom day one o the

project.

The work has been conducted on an

interdisciplinary basis, thereby substantially

accelerating the decision-making process

and enabling the project to run extremely

smoothly.

Environmental goals

Land usage

Sanitary redevelopment, reuse and transor-mation o old brown eld sites into attractiveresidential areas with beautiul parks andgreen public spaces.

Energy

Renewable uels, biogas products and reuseo waste heat coupled with ecient energyconsumption in buildings.

Water & sewage

As clean and ecient as possible bothinput and output with the aid o newtechnology or water saving and sewagetreatment.

WasteThoroughly sorted in practical systems, withmaterial and energy recycling maximisedwherever possible.

Transportation

Fast, attractive public transport, combinedwith car pools and beautiul cycle paths, inorder to reduce private car usage.

Building materials

Healthy, dry and environmentally sound.


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Demands or environmentally sustainable waste handling led to ...

The amount o household waste that is generatedmust be reduced by at least 15 weight percentrom 2005 to 2010.

The amount o waste taken to disposal sites mustbe reduced.

Hazardous waste must be sorted separately andthe amount o this waste must be halved.

There must be a highly ecient system o sourceseparation o waste.

80 weight percent o ood waste must be sent tobiological treatment plants where nutrients andenergy contained in the waste can be recovered.

Transportation o waste in the area must bereduced.

Environmental objectives

or waste management in

Hammarby Sjstad

The principal environmental ob-

jectives or waste managementwere to reduce the total amount

o household waste, reduce

waste collection by heavy trafc

and introduce source separa-

tion.

In order to achieve these objectives, initia-

tives were introduced to create simple, ac-

cessible and hygienic waste management

systems.

One major dierence was that, unlike

previous waste management systems, it

was decided to make the new system so

attractive that its central location in the

residential district would be acceptable.

This is why the Envac inlets in many o the

blocks have been installed in easily acces-

sible locations and are clearly visible. Not

only does this make them a natural conver-

gence point or residents, it also provides a

social check on how the system is used.

For that reason, many Envac inlets have

been installed in central courtyards, right

next to playgrounds, bike sheds and gar-

dens.


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... an automated waste collection system rom Envac

Hammarby Sjstad will comprise more

than 11,000 apartments on the southern

shore o Lake Hammarby (most o them

constructed in the 2000s) and more than

2000 apartments on the northern shore

(constructed in the 1990s) when construc-

tion has been completed in the area in

2016.

All buildings around the lake will be con-

nected to an underground waste transpor-

tation system, bringing the total number to

our by completion date. These will man-

age the household and commercial waste

rom the both shores.

District No. o ats Envac

system

Waste

ractions

Start date

or frst phase

Norra Hammarbyhamnen/Barnngen 3000 Stationary Rest 1982

Sickla Udde/Sickla Kaj 2050 Mobile RestFood waste

2000

Hammarby Grd 2100 Stationary RestFood wasteNewspapers

2005

Lugnet/Henriksdalshamnen 3000 Stationary RestFood wasteNewspapers

2007


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Investment in a waste handling system

Create new values

For the environment. Less noise and reducedexhaust and carbon dioxide emissions due toreduced transport needs, stops, and loading/unloading.

For waste minimization. Users can be sup-plied with a personal card or transponder mak-ing it possible to record and measure each timethey use the waste system.

For source separation. Higher accessibilityor user, supplying neat and convenient wasteinlets or dierent ractions.

For the working environment. A better work-ing environment or the waste collectors. Noliting, no pulling and no risk o inection or cutsbecause all physical contact with the waste hasbeen eliminated.

For hygiene. Creates cleaner, more attractiveresidential areas and work places.

For the economy. The higher investment costis oset by the signicantly lower operating andmaintenance costs, and the considerable spacesavings.

For accessibility. Always accessible by theuser 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.

For user satisaction. Installation ater installa-tion shows much higher user satisaction thanwith traditional waste collection.

The decision to install Envacs

underground waste manage-ment system expresses a long-

term commitment with regard

to both the fnancial and eco-

logical benefts. Main eatures

o the Envac systems: reeing

up o space inside and outside

buildings, reduction o heavy

trafc and reduction o waste

management costs will beneft

both the building contractor and

the residents.

Joint ownership

Just as in many other places in Sweden,

the property owners in Hammarby Sjstad

jointly own the acility through a joint-prop-

erty association. The City o Stockholm

compensates the joint-property asso-

ciation by charging a greatly reduced rate

(as compensation or reduced collection

costs). Envac Service is commissioned by

the joint-property associations with the re-

sponsibility or operation and maintenance

o the acilities.


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Recycling demands, environmental awareness and technology

Since the collection o packag-

ing materials is not a local gov-ernment issue in Sweden, but

the responsibility o the individ-

ual companies producing the

materials, Hammarby Sjstad

has had to plan or two dier-

ent storage and collection sys-

tems.

Inlets connected to

Envacs vacuum system

Mixed reuse, organic ood waste and, in

most areas, newspapers too are collected

with the help o Envacs vacuum system.

Ideally, the inlets are centrally located in the

courtyards. However, in some places the

inlets are installed in entrance halls and in

reuse rooms.

Block-based recycling rooms

The packaging material is collected in con-

ventional bins using lorries (rear loaders).

The bin (each packaging raction has at

least one bin) is placed in a separate recy-

cling room in the building, rom where it is

manually wheeled out to the waste collec-

tion vehicle in the street.

The three ractions typically handled in Hammarby Sjstad by Envacs vacuum system

Combustible waste Organic waste Newspaper

Heat & energy Biosolids & biogas Newspaper

Combustible waste is transported to theHgdalenverket plant in southern Stockholm

where it is incinerated and recycled as heatingand electricity

Food waste is transported to Soelund in Hud-dinge where it is composted and turned into soil.

The ultimate aim is or ood waste to be convertedinto biogas and bio-ertilisers.

Newspaper are delivered to paper recyclingcompanies and then sent on to paper mills where

they are turned into new paper.


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The mainstay concept is the

use o underground pipes totransport waste and the use o

air to do the heavy work.

The airborne waste is easily transported

under the streets to a reception centre that

is located on the outskirts o the area.

Lorries can access the ull containers

without any problem and transport them to

the recycling centres, landlls or incinerator

acilities.

The stationary system

Most stationary systems

supplied today are

designed or source

separation.

Waste is disposed o into ordinary reuse1.chutes. One or each raction.

The waste is stored or a short while on a2.valve, which opens when the computer-con-trolled emptying process starts. One ractionis emptied and collected at a time.

All waste ractions are transported through3.the same pipe system at a speed o 70 km/h.

Fans create the partial vacuum that sucks the4.waste to the collection station.

The waste is guided to the correct container.5.

The transport air is cleaned through lters6.beore being released.

The largest ractions are compressed.7.

1

1

2

3

4

5

6

7


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In the collection station, the air used

or transportation is separated rom the

waste/recyclables and ltered beore being

released to the atmosphere.

Compactors are used or ecient load-

ing o containers at the station. The ull

containers are then picked up by a hook-lit

vehicle (see photo above).

A compactor is used to compress the waste inthe container (above let).

A series o ans create the necessary negativepressure in the pipe system (above right).

Each stationary system has a control room (let).

A so-called F Container is used or the oodwaste. The waste is sucked straight into thecontainer (the green pipe). The air is conveyedthrough a lter at the top o the container andexits the container through the blue pipe (right).


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A mobile waste collection sys-

tem ends up in underground

tanks that are emptied by suc-

tion vehicles.

For the people who l ive or work in the area,

a mobile system unctions in precisely the

same way as a stationary system. Waste

bags are placed in inlets located indoors or

outdoors. The waste is stored in a closed

tank below ground. The storage tanks are

linked together by docking points via an

underground network o pipes.

The docking points are strategically

located so that collection vehicles do not

need to drive into constricted areas, such

as backyards and narrow lanes.

The waste is thrown into a disposal chute.1.It is possible to extend the system by addingmore inlets, e.g. inlets or more ractions.

Containers are emptied one at a time and2.the process is computer controlled.

All waste is sucked through the same3.system o pipes at a speed o 90 km/h.

A vacuum pump creates the pressure4.that conveys the waste via the docking pointto the vehicle.

The air is passed through lters to remove5.any impurities beore being expelled out-doors.

The mobile system

Mobile systems

are suitable or small

residential areas

1 1

3

4 5

2


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The mobile system is highly suitable or

small residential areas. Not all properties

have to be connected to the system, mak-

ing it more fexible in this respect than the

stationary system. Mobile waste systems

may also advantageously be installed in

older buildings.

The inlet can also be integrated into buildings,e.g. next to entrance halls (above let).

Centrally-located inlets, clearly visible or all resi-dents, help ensure the system is used correctly(right).

Docking points discreetly installed at street level(let).


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The frst residential area to be

built in Hammarby Sjstad was

Norra Hammarbyhamnen.

The rst phase o the vacuum system be-

came operational back in 1982. There are

now some 2300 households connected

to the system, including the more recently

built area called Barnngen. This was con-

nected in 2003.

In Norra Hammarbyhamnen, inlets have

been installed in the courtyards and in-side the buildings. During the construction

phase in the early 1980s, the vacuum sys-

tem was modied with separate inlets and

containers in the terminal to allow or the

collection o both mixed waste and organic

ood waste. However, until today the city o

Stockholm has not initiated a separate col-

lection o organic waste in the area, where-

ore the ood waste is incinerated along

with the waste raction instead.

The terminal building is located inside

a rock shelter but is still easily accessible

or lorries collecting and delivering the con-

tainers.

The stationary system at Norra Hammarbyhamnen/Barnngen


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Facts Norra Hamarbyhamnen/

Barnngen

Length o pipe system ca 5500 m

Capacity 3.1 tons waste/day

No o ractions one:rest

No o inlets 200

Apartments 3000


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The stationary system at Hammarby Grd

The frst buildings in Hammarby

Grd were connected to the

Envac system at the end o

2005. The terminal was ofcially

opened by Viviann Gunnarsson,

the deputy mayor o Stockholm

and Environmental Commis-

sioner, in January 2006.

Approximately hal o the 2095 apartments

scheduled or connection to the Envac sys-tem were connected by the end o 2007.

The system handles three separate rac-

tions mixed waste, newspapers and ood

waste. The vacuum system also serves

quite a number o small local businesses,

including restaurants and shops, reeing

up space in these commercial premises

space that can be put to better use.


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Facts Hammarby Grd



No o ractions three:restood wastepaper

No o inlets 203

Apartments 2100

The collection terminal on Textilgatan is

a compact and unctional building that

blends in well with the other industrial ar-chitectural styles o nearby buildings, such

as the thermal power plant that recovers

heat rom sewage water.


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The entire district, with a total o

3000 apartments, will be con-

nected to a waste vacuum ter-

minal that will be located either

in Henriksdalsberget next to

Lugnets service road junction

or down by Lake Hammarby.

This district is being built in three stages.

Stage 1, Lugnet 650 apartments ready

or occupancy in 20072008. Stage 2,Henriksdalshamnen, construction o 900

apartments starts in 2008 or occupancy in

20092010. Stage 3, the area along Hen-

riksdalsberget ater rerouting o the motor-

way has been completed. Construction o

1450 apartments due to start in 2011 and

ready or occupancy in 20132016.

The entire district, with a total o 3000

apartments, will be connected to a waste

vacuum terminal that will be located eitherin Henriksdalsberget next to Lugnets serv-

ice road junction or down by Lake Ham-

marby. Plans are to install a pipe network

and terminal in collaboration with the City

o Stockholm. It is also hoped a structure

can be devised that will enab le Envac to be

responsible directly to the property owners

or the acility as a whole. It is also proposed

The stationary system at Lugnet and Henriksdalshamnen

that Envac assumes operating responsibil-ity or a period o 25 years. Connections

to the main network and inlets are paid

straight to Envac by the property owners.

The Envac system will handle three rac-

tions (mixed waste, newspapers and ood

waste). Furthermore, a number o public

waste paper bins along the path by Lake

Hammarby will be connected to the system.


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Facts Lugnet/Henriksdalshamnen



No o ractions three:restood wastepaper

No o inlets 54

Apartments 3000


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The mobile system at Sickla Udde and Sickla Kaj

There was some uncertainty

over the pace o development

or Hammarby Sjstad when

it was announced that Stock-

holm and Hammarby Sjstad

would not be hosting the 2004

Olympic Games.

And since there was no great demand

or housing in the area, it was decided to

invest in a mobile waste system at SicklaUdde instead o a stationary.

Initially, the intention was to use the

mobile vacuum system to handle three

separate ractions mixed waste, ood

waste and newspapers. Ater a while, it

became apparent that the mobile system

was experiencing diculties with the pneu-

matic conveyance o newspapers. It was

thereore decided to temporarily close the

newspaper raction. Instead, newspapersare now collected along with other pack-

aging rom the recycling rooms in each

building.

The mobile vacuum vehicle collects

each raction once a week. The docking

points are located along the major thor-

oughares. This reduces the number o

heavy vehicles in the residential area.


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Facts Sickla Udde and Sickla Kaj



No o ractions two:rest andood waste

No o inlets 180

No o docking points 8

Apartments 2050


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Inormation to users

It is vital to keep users regu-

larly updated and well inormed

about how all source separa-

tion systems work and how

they should be used.

Inormation to residents in

Hammarby Sjstad is provided

in two ways:

GlashusEtt is the name o the eco centre

in Hammarby Sjstad where residents cantake hazardous waste or correct disposal

and get inormation on what to do with the

various kinds o waste. All residents collect

their biodegradable bags or ood waste

rom the GlashusEtt centre. People mov-

ing to Sjstaden are always presented with

a welcome package that contains a waste

inormation guide.

Envac and the property owners provideresidents and users with regular inorma-

tion. Envac also has sta on the boards o

several o the joint-property associations

and is thereore well able to provide imme-

diate answers to questions and requests

concerning waste collection in the area.

Vissteduattdelaravdittavfallrluftburetunderjord?

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ut m ti r vf ll in mlin y t m. vf ll ttr n -

rt r i lutn r r y t mun rm rk. v rl nin

lir v lin mlin mtr n rt kr r hm rmilj -

m i . V r vf ll l nin rnn v rh l v rl n, till

h m i n vv rl n h t y n r, T i i 1 1

iT i n.

I NFORMA T I ON TI L L A L L A HUS H L L OM A VFA L L S I NS A ML IN G

ME D SO PS UG

1

vf ll tk t in k t t. k t n t m ,h lt t r tyrt, tt t n n.

llt vf ll

u n m mm r r y t m i n h ti h t v 7 km/h. Fl kt r k r tv kuum h luft-

m tr n rt r r vf ll ttillm tt nin t ti n n. r tyr tinir tt nt in r. Luft n

r n inn n n l ut. L t il rh mt r nt inr rn f rvi r tr n rttill t rvinnin .

F rm rinf rm ti n k . nv . ll r

m il in fr rtillinf nv .

1


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Henriksdalshamnen

Lugnet

Sickla Udde

Sickla Kaj

Luma

Hammarby Lake

Hamm

arbyle

den

Sicklakanal

Danvikstull

Mrtensdal

Hammarby Grd

Norra Hammarbyhamnen

Barnngen

Facts Hammarby Sjstad when fully built year 2016

Length pipe sstem ca 16,000 m

Capacit 15 tns waste/da

N inlets 640

N dcking pints 11

Apartments 10,150

Stationary systems

Pipes with inlets

Cllectin Terminals

Mobile system

Pipes with inlets

Dcking pints


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ENVAC HEAD OFFICE

ENVAC CENTRALSUG AB, SE- 117 84 Stckhlm, Sweden

Visitrs: Brggvgen 16, Tel: +46 (0)8 775 32 00,

www.envac.net, [email protected]

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inf2007 stockolm guide to implement vacuum waste collection process _envac

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