industry manual - hpclwebapps188.hpcl.co.in/hpclond/pdfs/industry manual... · and updated manual...

INDUSTRY MANUAL

ON

ACCEPTANCE OF PRODUCT

BY

MARKETING COMPANIES

AND

RELATED ISSUES

IndianOilBharat

Petroleum

No. P-45011/23/99-Dist .

Government of India

Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Ga s

Shastri Bhavan, New Delhi, 4 .5 .2000

The Executive Director ,

OCC,

New Delhi

Subject :- Updation/Amendment of -

(1) Quality Control Manual for non-aviation petroleum products .

(2) Industry Manual on Acceptance of Products by Marketing

Companies .

Sir ,

I am directed to refer to OCC's letter No. OPS/3930 dated 26.10 .99 on the

above subject and to convey the approval of the Government to the amended

and updated manual on `Quality Control Manual for non-aviation petroleum

products' and `Industry Manual on Acceptance of Products by Marketin g

Companies' taking into account interalia the following instances/developments

in the recent past : -

I. The requirements for sampling and retention of samples in line with

the recommendations 'of the Market Intelligence Group constituted b y

OCC .

II. The recommendations arising out of the investigations into the failur e

of products moved by coastal tankers .

III. The revisions in the specifications of MS & HSD and markeing o f

environment friendly products i .e. unleaded petrol and low sulphur

HSD .

IV. The requirements arising out of investigations into product failure during

the tank wagon. decantation at IOC Kota Depot .

V. The requirements arising out of commissioning of Private/JV refinerie s

and marketing of petroleum products by parallel marketers and need

to 'enlarge the scope of these manuals to bring them under the provisio n

of these manuals for ensuring uniformity in handling/movement an d

quality control of petroleum products all over the country .

2. It also seems necessary that implementation of these Manuals may b e

reviewed by the same Working Group from time to time to see if an y

improvments can be made after gaining experience in this implementation ,

and to incoporate the same as deemed necessary in the Manuals under advic e

to this Ministry. Action may be ensured accordingly .

Your faithfully,

(H . C.. Khurana)

UNDER SECRETARY TOA THE GOVERNMENT OF INDI A

Copy to :-

1.

Director (Marketing/Petroleum), IOC, BPCL, HPCL, IBP, Mumbai .

2.

Dir., Oil India Limited, New Delhi .

3.

GM, Cochin Refineries Ltd. Cochin .

4.

GM, Bongaigaon Refinery Ltd., Bongaigaon, Assam.

5.

GM, Assam Oil Division, Digboi, Assam

6.

Chinnai Petroleum Corporation Ltd ., Chinnai .

7.

Numaligarh Refineries Ltd ., Numaligarh

8. ' Reliance Petroleum Ltd ., Jamnagar (Gujarat)

9.

Essar Oil Ltd., Jamnagar (Gujarat)

(H .C . Khurana)

UNDER SECRETARY TOA THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

INDUSTRY MANUAL ON ACCEPTANCE OF PRODUCT BYMARKETING COMPANIES AND RELATED ISSUES

An Industry Committee under the convenorship of Indian Oil Corpn . Ltd. wasconstituted by OCC (vide letter no. ops/2/shipping dated 31 .3 .98) to reviewthe existing INDUSTRY MANUAL ON ACCEPTANCE OF PRODUCT BYMARKETING COMPANIES AND RELATED ISSUES . The Committee hasdrawn up the revised guidelines as contained in the following pages, to b eimplemented by the Industry.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS

No . Name Designation

1 . Mr. J. S . Narula

(Convenor)GM(Operations) ,

Indian Oil Corporatio n

Head Office Mumbai .

2 Mr. Anurag Deepak DGM(OPS) ,

Bharat Petroleum

Corporation Ltd., Mumbai.

3 Mr. C. S. Krishnaswamy DGM(OPS & FP) ,Hindustan Petroleum

Corporation Ltd ., Mumbai.

4 Mr. I Gore

Chief Operations Mgr ,IBP Co . Ltd. ,

Mumbai .

QUALITY CONTROL REPRESENTATIVES FROM INDUSTRY :

No. Name

Designation

Signature

Signature

1 . Mr. Mohan Krishanan Chief Quality Contro l

Manager, IOC

2 Mr. V.R. Nage Manager, Quality Control ,BPC

3 Mr. R.C. Sharma

' Chief Quality ControlManager, IBP

CONTENTS

SECTION : 1 SYSTEM

SECTION : 2 PRODUCT TRANSFER EX REFINERY .

SECTION : 3 PRODUCT TRANSFER EX ONE MARKETING COMPANY T O

OTHER MARKETING COMPANY.

SECTION : 4 PERIOD FOR RETENTION OF SAMPLES .

SECTION : 5 WAYS AND MEANS FOR DISPOSAL OF PRODUCT FOUN D

OFF-SPEC .

SECTION : 6 RESPONSIBILITY CENTRES AND APPORTIONING OF COST .

SECTION :7 NEED FOR CHANGE OF PRODUCT SPECIFICATIO N

EX-REFINERY TO COMPENSATE DETERIORATION DURING

STORAGE/TRANSIT .

INDUSTRY MANUAL onAcceptance of Product byMarketing Companies and

Related Issues

1 . SYSTEM

1.1 EXISTING SYSTEM

Industry guidelines on acceptance of product by Marketing Companywere issued in Dec.'85 and was approved by Oil Co-ordination Commit-tee in Industry Co-ordination meeting held on 23 .12.85. These guide-lines were formulated by an Industry Working Group under convenorshipof Shri J .D. Rege, IOC, Marketing HO and members from BPC, HPC ,MRL, IOC(Pipelines), R&P Divn . and Quality Control Experts from theIndustry .

1 .2 REVISED GUIDELINES

In the apex body meeting held on 5 .3.98, Secretary P&NG had expressedthat there is a need for review and updation of the existing guidelines o nAcceptance of Petroleum Products amongst the Oil Companies . A Work-ing Group under the convenorship of GM(Ops), Indian Oil, HO has bee nconstituted to review the existing guidelines .

The existing guidelines have been reviewed by the Working Group an dare covered in subsequent sections .

Scope :

This manual provides guidelines for "Acceptance of product and the are aof responsibility at each stage of handling of product by various mode sfrom Refinery/Import Terminal/Marketing Terminal to the receiving Lo-cations. The' product would be accepted based on quality certified byLaboratories of PSU/Private/Joint venture Refinery and Marketing Com -panies as outlined in Industry Quality Control Manual duly approved byMOP&NG".

The procedures outlined in this manual are applicable to the entire OilIndustry (including Refinery, Pipeline and Marketing Companies) in PSU ,JV & Private Sectors, covering existing as well as future such networks .This manual suggests responsibility centers and methods for apportion-ing the costs in a situation when the product is found to be off-spec .

Section 1

System

Clause No .1 .1 - 1 .2

Page No. 1

SECTION - 2PRODUCT TRANSFER

EX REFINERY

SUBJECT

PAGE NO.

By Trunk Pipeline

At Refinery End

At Tap-off Point s

At Receiving Terminal

Pipeline Transfer - LocalAt Refinery End

At Joint Manifold

At Receiving Terminal

By TankerAt Refinery End

At Joint Manifold

At Jetty End

At Tanker End

At Receiving Locatio nAt Tanker End

At Jetty End

At Receiving Common ManifoldAt Receiving Terminal EndBy Tank WagonTankwagon LoadingBy Tank TruckTanktruck Loading

22

3

4

5

5

6

7

8

8

9

1 0

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

12

1 2

1 31 3

1 4

14 & 15

Section 2

Clause No.2. - 2.1 . 1

INDUSTRY MANUAL onAcceptance of Product b yMarketing Companies and

Related Issues

Product Transfe rEx Refinery

Page No. 2

2. . PRODUCT TRANSFER EX REFINERY

2.1 BY TRUNK PIPELINE

2.1.1 At Refinery End

a. Refinery will give the Marketing Company/Pipeline divisio nthe tank wise Test Certificate (as per relevant BIS specification )for the product planned for transfer. The Test Certificate willnot be older than 90 days .

b. Marketing/Pipelines/Refinery representatives will jointly tak eUML sample of 3x2 Lts quantity from each tank . Thes eindividual samples will be made as a composite sample andwill be retained by Marketing/Pipeline/Refinery after join tsealing separately . Refer clause nos .3 .3.3 & 3.3.4 of IQCM . .

c. Marketing Company after checking the Test Certificate an dquality of the product will convey acceptance for transfer toRefinery/Pipelines Division .

d. At pump discharge manifold of Refinery/Marketing Division, ,as the case may be, the Pipelines Division's representativewill take initial, middle and final sample (1x2 litres) (refe rclause nos . 3 .3 .2 & 5 .2.2 of IQCM) before switching-over th etank. The same samples will be sealed and retained byPipelines Division . These samples will be taken as arepresentative sample as it will not be possible to physicallytake the sample near the boundary of Refinery .

e. Pipeline division, for the first half an hour of each productbeing pumped through a multi product pipeline, will drawsamples from the top and bottom of the pipeline near th epump manifold at an interval of 10 minutes and check forappearance, color and density at 15 deg c . If the test resultsare satisfactory (density variation should be within ±0 .003 at15 deg. C & in case more than one tank(s) are used then th edensity variation should be within +0.003 of the highest and-0 .003 of the lowest density of the tank(s)) and thereafter, theinterval of sampling shall be every hour . In case the densityvariation is out side the limits given above, Pipelines Division

Section 2

Clause No.2.1 . 2

INDUSTRY MANUAL o nAcceptance of Product byMarketing Companies an d

Related Issues


Page No. 3

shall stop the pumping . Reasons for the variations establishe dand corrective action taken and then only pumping to b eresumed. Whenever the pumping is stopped and thenrestarted the procedure of sampling for half an hour and thenhourly sampling shall be followed .

f. The Pipelines Division will maintain a Log Book recording theabove operation, Marketing Division and Refinery Division wil lhave the right to check the sample as and when the transfe ris in progress for appearance, colour and density checks . Allconcerned will have the right to check the Log Book maintaine dby Pipelines Division.

g. Pipeline Division will be responsible for producing the abov edocuments in case of dispute about the quality of product at alater stage.

h. During operation of (e) above, at any stage if they find that th esample is not within tolerance limit, the Pipelines Divisionshould inform Refinery Division about the same and as perthe laid down procedure, the pumping operation should b estopped, if needed . Pumping operation should resume onlyafter joint investigation and corrective action is taken .

2.1 .2 At Tap-off Points(Pipe Line station )

i) Pipelines Division will be responsible for ,

a. Switching over of the product at the time of interface.

b. Ensuring the interface limits are not exceeded .

c. Taking samples for first half an hour and then every houras described in item 2 .1 .1 (e) above at Trunk Pipeline sManifold for checking appearance, colour and density a t15°c . Stopping the pumping, if necessary, in case thesamples are not within tolerance limits (±0 .003) . Thepumping operation will resume only after investigation an dcorrective action is taken .

d. Maintaining Log Book to record the readings observedduring above operation . Stopping the pumping, if needed

Section 2

Clause No .2.1 . 3


Related Issues


Page No . 4

in case the samples are not within the tolerance limits .The pumping operation will resume only after investigationand corrective action is taken .

e . Taking initial, middle and final sample (2x1 litres) befor eswitching over of the product at their manifold . One set ofsuch samples taken by Pipelines Division will be handedover to Marketing Division after joint sealing prior tocompletion of operation for retention and future reference .Other set should be retained by Pipelines Division . (referclause nos .3 .3 .2 & 5.2.2 of IQCM) .

ii) Receiving Company will have the right to check the sample o fthe product while the transfer is on for appearance, colou rand density at 15°c at Trunk Pipeline Manifold.

The receiving Company will have the right to check the LogBook maintained by Pipelines Division .

2 .1 .3 At Receiving Terminal .

a. Pipelines/Receiving Company will jointly take UML sampl e(2x2 litres) before receipt of the . product from the designatedtank. These UML samples will be made composite and jointlysealed and retained separately by Pipelines and Marketingfor future reference (refer clause no .3.1 .1 of IQCM) .

b. Receiving Company will be responsible for makin gavailable the fit tank for receiving the product .

c. Receiving Company will be responsible for taking samplesevery 10 minutes for first half an hour and then hourly sample sin their terminal for checking appearance, colour and densityat 15°c . They will be responsible for informing Pipeline sDivision if they find sample is not within the expected tolerancelimit (±0 .003) for taking suitable action .

d. Receiving Company is responsible for maintaining a Log Boo kwhere they will record appearance, colour and density at 15°c .

e. Pipelines Division will have the right to . check the sample inMarketing Company's premises while the transfer is on and

Section 2

Clause No .2.2 - 2.2. 1


Related Issues

Product TransferEx Refinery

Page No. 5

inspect the Log Book maintained by Marketing Company .

f. Receiving Company will be responsible for taking UML sampl eof 1x1 litres each from the tank after receipt of product and t oconfirm the fitness of product before release (refer claus enos.3.3.5, 3.3 .6 and 3 .2 .10 of IQCM)

g. From those TOP tanks where product / product along withinterface is accommodated a sample shall be drawn from Top /Middle /Bottom after receipt and tested for density individuall yto ensure homogeneity of the product . If density variation ismore than ±0 .003 between any two layers, this is to b einvestigated and reasons for density variation to be recorded .

2 .2 PIPELINE TRANSFER LOCAL

2.2.1 At Refinery End . '

a. Refinery will give the Company having the agency fo rdistribution of product, hereinafter called as "MarketingCompany", the tankwise Quality Certificate for the productplanned for transfer .

b. Marketing Company in consultation with the ReceivingCompany will check the Quality Certificate for quality of th eproduct and will convey the acceptance of the product to th eRefinery.

c. Marketing Company and Refinery/Receiving Company wil ljointly take UML sample of 3x2 Ltrs . quantity from each tank .These samples will be made as a composite sample, sealedjointly and will be retained by Marketing Company, Refineryand Receiving Company separately.

d. At pump discharge manifold of Refinery, Refinery' srepresentative will take initial, middle and final samples beforeswitching over , the tank. Same samples will be sealed andretained by Refinery . These samples will be considered as arepresentative sample as it will not be possible to physicallytake the sample at the boundary of the Refinery .

e. Refinery, for the first half an hour of each product being

Section 2

Clause No.2.2 . 2

INDUSTRY MANUAL o nAcceptance of Product byMarketing Companies an d

Related Issues


Page No. 6

pumped, will draw samples from the top and bottom of th epipeline near the manifold at an interval of 10 minutes andcheck for appearance, color and density at 15 deg c . If the testresults are satisfactory (density variation should be withi n±0.003 at 15 deg. C. In case, more than one tank(s) are use dthen the density should be within +0 .003 of the highest and-0.003 of the lowest density of the tank), the interval of samplingshall be every hour. In case the density variation is out side thelimits given above, Refinery shall stop the pumping . Reasonsfor the variations established and corrective action taken andthen only pumping to be resumed. Whenever the pumping isstopped and then restarted the procedure of sampling for halfan hour and then hourly sampling shall be followed . Refinerywill maintain a log book according to the above operation .

f. At Pumphouse, Marketing Company and Receiving Companywill have the right to check the sample as and when the transferis in progress for appearance, colour and density checks . Bothcompanies will have the right to check the Log Book maintainedby Refinery.

g. Refinery will be responsible for producing the above document sin case of dispute about the quality of the product at a late rstage.

h. During operation of (e) above, at any stage if Refinery fin dthat that the sample is not within the tolerance limit, the ywill take immediate action for stopping the pumping . Pumpingoperation should resume after corrective action . is taken .

2.2.2 At Joint Manifold (where the receiving Company's tap-off starts )

Marketing Company will be responsible for : -

a) Switching over of product at the time of transfer .

b) Taking initial, middle and final sample (2x2 litres) for .appearance, colour and density checks and retain the samples(refer clause 3 .3 .2 of IQCM) .

c) Receiving Company will have the right to check the sample of

Section 2

Clause No.2.2 . 3

INDUSTRY MANUAL onAcceptance of Product byMarketing Companies an d

Related Issues


Page No. 7

the product while the transfer is on at the above samplingpoint.

2.2.3 At Receiving Terminal .

a) Marketing Company/Receiving Company will jointly take 2x 2litres UML sample before receipt of the product from th edesignated tank . These UML samples will be made ascomposite and jointly sealed and retained separately b yMarketing Company and Receiving Company for futur ereference (refer clause no .3 .1 .1 of IQCM) .

b) Receiving Company will be responsible for making availabl ethe fit tank for receiving the product.

c) Receiving Company/Pipeline division, for the first half an hou rof each product being pumped through a multi produc tpipeline, will draw samples from the top and bottom of th epipeline near the manifold at an interval of 10 minutes andcheck for appearance, color and density at 15°c . If the testresults are satisfactory (density variation should be withi n±0.003 at 15 deg. C . In case more than one tanks are usedthen the density should be within +0.003 of the highest and -0 .003 of the lowest density of the tank), the interval of samplin gthereafter shall be every hour . In case the density variation isout side the limits given above, Pipelines Division shall sto pthe pumping . Reasons for the variations established an dcorrective action taken and then only pumping to be resumed .Whenever the pumping is stopped and then restarted th eprocedure of sampling for half an hour and then hourlysampling shall be followed .

d) Receiving Company is responsible for maintaining a Log Boo kwhere they will record appearance, colour and density at 15°c .

e) Marketing Company will have the right to check the sampl ein Receiving Company's premises while the transfer is on an dinspect the Log Book maintained by the Receiving Company .

f) The Receiving Company will take TMB sample of lx1 litre sfrom the tank after receipt of product to establish the quality

Section 2

Clause No .2.2.4 - 2.3 . 1

INDUSTRY MANUAL o nAcceptance of Product byMarketing Companies and

Related Issues

Product . TransferEx Refinery

Page No. 8

of the product received. In case of product failure, MarketingCompany will have the right to take sample from the tank for

testing (refer clause nos .3 .3 .5, 3.3.6 and 3 .2.10 of IQCM) .

2.2.4 Pipeline transfer through dedicated pipelines :

When the transfer is through the dedicated pipelines a UML sampleof 2x2 litres composite shall be drawn jointly and made fro mnominated tanks and retained till the quality of the product ha s

been established (refer clause 3 .3 .7 and 3 .3 .9 of IQCM).

2 .3 TANKER LOADING

2.3.1 At Refinery End

a) Refinery will give the Company (having the sole agency fordistribution of product herein after called as MarketingCompany), the tank-wise Test Certificate for the produc tplanned for transfer .

b) Marketing Company will check the Test Certificate for qualityof the product and will convey the acceptance of the produc tto the Refinery .

c) Marketing and Refinery will jointly take UML sample of 4x2litres quantity from each tank. These samples will be made asa composite sample, sealed and will be retained by Marketing/

Refinery (refer clause no .5.1 .5 of IQCM).

d) At pump discharge manifold of Refinery, Refinery' srepresentative will take 1x1 litres initial, middle and fina lsamples before switching over the tank. Same samples wil lbe sealed and retained by Refinery. These samples will b etaken as a representative sample as it will not be possible t ophysically take the sample at the boundary of Refinery .

e) Refinery, for the first half an hour of each product being

pumped through a multiproduct pipeline will draw sample sfrom the top and bottom of the pipeline near the manifold a tan interval of 10 minutes and check for appearance, color anddensity at 15 deg c . If the. test results are satisfactory (density

Section 2

Clause No .2.3.2


Related Issues


Page No . 9

variation should be within +0 .003 of the highest and -0 .003of the lowest density of the refinery tank(s)), the interval o fsampling thereafter shall be every hour . In case the densityvariation is out side the limits given above, Refinery Divisionshall stop the pumping . Reasons for the variations establishe dand corrective action taken and then only pumping to b eresumed . Whenever the pumping is stopped and the nrestarted the procedure of sampling for half an hour and the nhourly sampling shall be followed. Hourly dips of tanks als oto be taken and quantity advised . The Refinery will maintaina Log Book recording the above operation .

f) At pumphouse Marketing Company will have right .to checkthe sample as and when the transfer is in progress fo rappearance, colour and density checks . Marketing Companywill have the right to check the Log Book maintained byRefinery.

g) Refinery will be responsible for producing all documentsconnected with transfer in case of dispute about the quality of ,the product at a later stage .

h) During operation of (e) above, at any stage if they find that th esample is not within the accepted tolerance limit (±0 .003) ,Refinery will take immediate action for stopping the pumping.Pumping operation will resume only after investigation andcorrective action.

2 .3 .2 At Joint Manifold (where the Refinery pipeline ends) -

Refinery will be responsible for advising Marketing Company fo r

a) Switching over the product .

b) Taking lx1 litres initial, middle and final sample in presenc eof Marketing Company's representative . The samples to besealed and retained (refer clause no .5.1 .6 of IQ CM) . .

c) Marketing Company will have right to check the sample of th eproduct while the loading is on at the above sampling point .

Section 2

Clause No.2.3.3 - 2.3. 4


Related Issues


Page No. 1 0

2.3.3 At Jetty End

a) Marketing Company will be responsible for taking samplesevery 10 minutes for initial half an hour and therafter hourlysamples at jetty end for checking appearance, colour anddensity at 15°c. They will be responsible for informing Refineryif they find sample is not within the accepted tolerance limit(±0 .003) for taking suitable action . Joint samples of 1x1 litresshall be drawn at the commencement, middle, and end o fpumping and sealed and retained (refer clause 5 .1 .6 of IQCM) .

b) Marketing Company is responsible for maintaining a Log Boo kwhere they will record appearance, colour and density at 15°c .

2.3.4 At Tanker End

a) Refinery Division through Marketing Company will hand overthe Test Reports tank-wise and along with requisite numbe rof composite samples as per existing procedure (as per detailsgiven in Industry Quality Control Manual) to the Captain o fship. .

b) Marketing Company is responsible for fitness of the tanker'stanks for loading the nominated product .

c) Marketing Company will be responsible for loading the tankerand carrying out quality checks of the product before loading ,while loading and after loading .

d) Marketing Company along with the ship's representative wil ltake 1x1 litres initial, middle and final samples on tanke rmanifold on deck for appearance, colour and density check s(refer clause no.5 .1 .6. of IQCM)

e) After loading the tanker joint all level samples (4x2 litres) wil lbe taken by Marketing Company and Ship's representative .One set of sample will be retained by Marketing Company .Two sets will be handed over to the Master of the Ship and th ethird set will be tested in the Laboratory to confirm the produc tis on-spec at Load Port (refer clause no.5 .1 .7 of IQCM) .

f) Marketing Company will be responsible for obtaining hourly

Section 2

Clause No.2.3.5 - 2.3.5. 2

INDUSTRY MANUAL onAcceptance of Product b yMarketing Companies an d

Related Issues


Page No. 1 1

receipt figures from the master and compare with the hourl ydischarge figures as advised by Refinery. Any abnormalvariation between the above two figures shall be investigated .The pumping operations shall be suspended during theinvestigations. Pumping shall be resumed after the reason sfor variations are established .

2 .3 .5 At Receiving Location2.3.5.1 At Tanker End

a) Receiving location, (first port of call) will discharg ethe cargo after :

i) receipt of Refinery tank Quality Certificates fromthe Master .

ii) receipt of load port samples

iii) draws the samples of lxl all level samples fo rindividual tanker's tanks and carry out the pre -discharge test as specified by Industry Qualitycontrol manual and satisfies itself about thequality of the product (refer clause nos .3 .2.3 ,3.2.5 & 3.2.5 .1 of IQCM) .

b) Receiving location (second or subsequent dischargeport for the same product indicated under (a) above )will carry out the discharge only after testing th eproduct from the tanker's tanks and satisfying itselfabout the quality of product (refer clause nos .3 .2.5 &3 .2 .5.1 of IQCM) .

c) At second/subsequent port of call if the product t obe discharged is not as per (b) above then th eprocedure adopted under (a) should be followed .

2 .3.5 .2 At Jetty End

a) Marketing Company will draw samples every 1 0minute for first half an hour and then hourly sample sas per IQCM, for checking the appearance, colourand density at 15°c of the product . Marketing

Section 2

Clause No .2.3.5.3 - 2.3.5. 4


Related Issues


Page No. 1 2

Company will maintain a Log Book recording th eabove operation. 2x1 litres initial, middle and finalsamples will be taken and retained (refer clauseno .3 .2.7 & 3.2.8 of IQCM) .

b) During the operation at any stage if they find tha tthe sample is not within the accepted tolerance limi t(±0.003) then Marketing Company will instructMaster of the Ship to stop pumping. The pumpingoperation will resume after investigation an dcorrective action is taken .

2.3.5.3 At Receiving Common Manifold (At receivingCompany's Tap Off Point )

Marketing Company will be responsible for :-

a) Switching over of the product .

b) Taking 2x1 litres joint samples initial, middle andfinal along with representative of Receiving Company .The samples to be retained in line with clause no.3.2 .7 .and 3.2.8 of IQCM.

2.3.5 .4 At Receiving Terminal End

a) Marketing and Receiving Company will take UMLsample of 2x2 litres from the nominated tank beforereceipt of product. The composite sample will be madefrom the UML sample, sealed and will be retained byMarketing/Receiving Company separately (refe rclause no .3 .1 .1 of IQCM) .

b) Receiving Company will draw samples at receip tmanifold every 10 minute for first half an hour andthen hourly samples as per IQCM, for checking theappearance, colour and density at 15°c of the product .They will be responsible for informing MarketingCompany if they find sample is not within the accepte dtolerance limit (±0 .003) for taking suitable action .

c) Receiving Company is responsible for maintaining aLog Book for recording the above operation .

Section 2

Clause No.2.4 - 2.4. 1


Related Issues


Page No. 1 3

d) Receiving Company will take UML samples of 1x 1litres from the tank after receipt of the product toestablish the quality of the product received . In caseof product failure, the Marketing Company will hav eright to take sample from the tank for testing . Thesamples are to be retained for future reference (referclause no .3 .2 .6 & 3.2 .10 of IQCM) .

) The Marketing Company will be responsible fo robtaining hourly discharge figures from the tanke rand compare with the hourly receipt figures as advise dby the receiving Company . Any abnormal variationbetween the above two figures shall be investigated .The pumping operations shall be suspended duringthe investigations . Pumping shall be resumed afterthe reasons for variations are established .

f) When a common line is used for receiving product ,excepting the tank receiving the product, all othertanks should be positively segregated by droppin gspool piece or hammer blind valves or by means ofspectacle flanges/liner etc .

2 .4 BY TANKWAGON

2.4.1 Tankwagon Loading

a) Refinery will give the Quality report for the product planne dfor loading to Company (Company, having the sole agency fo rdistribution of product, hereinafter would be called a s"Marketing Company") .

b) Marketing Company, after scrutinising the Quality certificatefor quality of product, will convey acceptance of product toRefinery.

c) Refinery/Loading Company will ensure that only on-specification products as per quality acceptance given by th eMarketing Company will be loaded into fit T/Ws.

T/Ws found unfit/leaking during or after loading will be


Related Issues

detached. Necessary action as may be required in case o fsuch T/Ws will be taken by the Refinery/Loading Company.

d) Refinery will arrange for flushing of the wagons to follow qualit ycontrol procedures as outlined in IQCM .

e) Marketing Company will give in writing to Refinery, the productto be loaded in the respective tankwagon along with reques tfor assistance, if any, needed to follow quality contro lprocedure .

f) During the process of loading, Running Samples of 2xl litre sfor MS and lx1 litres for SKO/HSD to be drawn from th eloading line jointly and retained by the Marketing company(refer clause no.5.3.3 of IQCM) .

g) In case of SKO, flash point alongwith the density at 15°c o fthe tank(s) to be advised by the Refinery to the loadin gcompany for incorporating the same in despatch documents .(refer clause no.5.3 .6 and 5.3 .7 of IQCM) . The MarketingCompany/Receiving Company will check density at 15°c o feach wagon and intimate to the receiving location and als omaintain records .

h) The Marketing Company/Receiving Company will check thetank wagon for quality of the product in respect of appearance ,colour before sealing .

i) Custody transfer of filled T/Ws will be deemed to have passe don to the Marketing Company, Receiving company only afte rthe T/Ws are physically moved out of the Refinery/LoadingCompany premises .

2 .5 BY TANK TRUCK

2.5.1 Tank truck Loading

a) Refinery will give the test report for the product planned forloading to Company, having the agency for distribution o fproduct (hereinafter would be called as "Marketing Company") .

b) Marketing Company, after checking the test certificate fo r

Section 2Product Transfer

Ex Refinery

Clause No.2.5 - 2.5.1

Page No. 14

Section 2INDUSTRY MANUAL on

Acceptance of Product byMarketing Companies an d

Related Issues


Page No. 1 5

quality of product, will convey acceptance of product toRefinery .

c) Receiving Company will position quality fit tank trucks fo rloading of designated product . Loading company will checkquality fitness of the tank truck before loading the designate dproduct .

d) Refinery will carry out flushing of the trucks to follow qualitycontrol procedures as per IQCM.

e) Marketing Company/Receiving Company will give in writingto Refinery, the product to be loaded in the respective 'IT alon gwith request for assistance, if any needed to follow qualitycontrol procedures .

f) During the process of loading Running Samples of 2x1 litre sfor MS and 1x1 litres for SKO/HSD to be drawn from theloading line jointly and retained by the Marketing compan y(refer clause no .5.4 .3 of IQCM) .

g) In case of SKO, flash point to be advised by the Refinery tothe loading company for incorporating the same in dispatchdocuments . The Marketing/Receiving Company will intimatedensity at 15°c to the receiving locations by incorporating th esame in the challan.

h) The concerned receiving Company will check the truck for

quality of product in respect of appearance, colour befor erelease .

SECTION - 3PRODUCT TRANSFER

EX ONE MKTG. CO. TO

OTHER MKTG. CO.

SUBJECT PAGE NO .

By Truck Pipeline 1 6

Pipeline Transfer - Local 1 6

At Transferring Location 1 6

By Tanker 1 7

Tanker Loading 1 7

At Receiving Location 1 8

At Tanker End 1 8

At Jetty End 1 8

At Receiving Common Manifold 18

At Receiving Terminal End 1 8

By Tankwagon 1 9

Tankwagon Loading 1 9

By Tanktruck 1 9

Tanktruck Loading 19

Section 3

Clause No .3.3.2 - 3.3 . 1


Related Issues


Page No. 1 7

h) The Company responsible for carrying out hourly quality check sand maintaining the Register will also be responsible to sto pthe operation in case the sample is not within the acceptabl etolerance limit (±0.003) Pumping operation in such cases willresume only after investigation and corrective action taken .

3.2 .2 At receiving location :

a) Receiving company will carry out the activities as given in ite m3 .2.1 (refer clause no .3 .3 .10 of IQCM) .

b) Receiving company will be responsible for all QC requirements ,positive segregation, controlling of valves etc . within its batterylimits and common area between transferring company an dreceiving company, if any.

3.2 .3 At Transferring/Receiving location :

Both the Companies will exchange the hourly discharge/receip tfigures and any abnormal variation will be investigated bysuspending the pumping operation. The pumping will be resumedonly after the reasons for variation has been established . Thereceiving Company will have right to request the TransferringCompany to suspend the operations if abnormalities of any natureare noticed .

3.2.4 Pipeline transfer through dedicated pipelines :

3.2.4.1 When the transfer is through the dedicated pipelines aUML sample of 2x2 litres composite shall be taken jointl yfrom nominated tanks and retained till the quality of theproduct has been established (refer clause 3 .3 .7 and 3.3. 9of IQCM) .

3 .3 BY TANKER

3.3.1 Tanker LoadingThe above operation is the sole responsibility of Compan ydesignated to load the tanker. The system to be followed for loadingthe tanker should be the same as defined in 2 .3.1, 2.3.2, 2.3 . 3and 2.3 .4 .

Section 3

Clause No.3.3.2 - 3.3.2. 4


Related Issues


Page No. 1 8

3.3.2 At Receiving Location

This procedure is also applicable for the import tanker discharge .

3.3.2.1 i) At Tanker End

The system to be followed at tanker end as defined i n2.3.5.1 .

3.3.2.2 ii) At Jetty End

a) Consignor/Importer will draw hourly samples forchecking the appearance, colour and density a t15°C of the product. Consignor/Importer willmaintain a log book recording the aboveoperation .

b) During the operation, at any stage, if they findthat the sample is not within the acceptedtolerance limit (±0.003) then the Consignor /Importer will instruct Master of the Ship to stoppumping. The pumping operation will resum eafter investigation and corrective action is taken .

3.3.2.3 iii) At Receiving company's exchange pit (At ReceivingCompany's -off point)

Both the companies will be responsible for : -

a) Switching over of the product.

b) Taking samples of initial and final alongwithrepresentative of Receiving Company for checkingappearance, colour and density at 15°C .

3.3.2.4 iv) At Receiving Terminal End

a) Consignor and Importer/Marketing Companie swill take 2x2 litres UML sample from thenominated tank before receipt of product . Thecomposite sample will be made from the UMLsample, sealed and will be retained by Consignor /Importer separately .

Section 3

Clause No .3.4 - 3.5. 1


Related Issues


Page No. 1 9

b) Receiving Company will be responsible for takin ghourly samples for checking the appearance ,colour and density at 15°C . They will beresponsible for informing Consignor/Importer i fthey find sample is not within the tolerance limi tas specified IQCM for taking suitable action.

Receiving Company is responsible fo rmaintaining a log book for recording the aboveoperation .

d) Receiving Company will take sample as specifie din pt. No . 2 .3.5 .4 (d) from the tank after receip tof the product to establish the quality of productreceived . In case of product failure, th eConsignor/Importer will have the right to takesample from the tank for testing .

3.4 BY TANKWAGON

3.4.1 Tankwagon LoadingThe procedure to be adopted for above operation will be same asrecorded in 2 .4. Wherever word "Refinery" and "Marketin gCompany" are used in Para 2 .4, the same should be read a s"Loading Company" .

3.5 BY TANKTRUCK

3.5.1 Tanktruck Loading

The procedure to be adopted for above operation will be same asrecorded in 2 .5 . Wherever word "Refinery" and "Marketing

Company" are used in Para 2 .5, same should be read as "Loading

Company" .

SECTION - 4PERIOD FOR RETENTION

OF SAMPLES

SUBJECT PAGE NO.

Truck Pipeline/Local Pipeline 20

Tanker 20

Tankwagon/Tanktruck 21


Related Issues

Section 4 Periodfor retention ofsamples

Clause No.4.0 - 4.2 Page No. 20

4.0 PERIOD FOR RETENTION OF SAMPLE S

4.1 TRUNK PIPELINE/LOCAL PIPELIN E

a) Receiving Company on receipt of the product in their tank will carr yout the test as required for release of product as per Industry QualityControl Manual .

b) Within three days of the receipt of product the receiving compan ywill advise the test result to despatching location and/or local pipelin einstallation .

c) In case the product does not meet the specification after receipt i twill be the responsibility of the receiving company to infor mdispatching location and/or pipeline installation to retain the sample sfor further investigation. In case of trunk pipeline the pipelineinstallation will be responsible for informing the despatching refinery/marketing installation for retention of samples .

d) The samples in the above case will be disposed of only after finalizatio nof responsibility for failure .

e) In case, the receiving company fails to advise about the test result seither to despatching location or to the local pipeline installationwithin 10 days of the receipt of the product, then it will be construe dthat product had passed the test for releasing to market . In thatcase, all concerned locations will be free to dispose of the samplesafter observing the retention period as per the Industry QualityControl Manual .

4 .2 TANKER

a) Receiving Company on receipt of the product in their tank/ tanker' stank will carry out test required as specified in Industry Quality ControlManual.

b) In case, the product does not meet the specification, the ReceivingCompany will inform the Marketing Company on whose behalf th etanker was loaded .

c) It is the responsibility of the Marketing Company on whose behal fthe tanker is loaded to inform all concerned to retain the samples


Related Issues

taken at all points as recommended in tanker loading/unloadin gprocedure .

d) In case the product meets specifications (other than SKO for whichsample should be retained for 3 months), the samples can b ediscarded after the batch is established .

e) In case of failure of sample load port/ on board /shore tan ksamples to be retained till it is cleared by the competentauthority.

4.3 TANK WAGON/TANK TRUC K

a) Samples to be drawn and retained at various point as specified i nIndustry Quality Control Manual/ MDG(for TT'S as per clause.o5.6.2 of MDG) .

b) Records to be maintained for retention of samples as specified inIndustry Quality Control Manual /MDG .

Remarks :

For various types of samples and its retention period please refer Appendix-2A of Industry Quality Control Manual for Non-Aviation Products .

Section 4 Period for retention ofsamples

Clause No .4.3 Page No. 21

SECTION - 5WAYS AND MEANS FOR

DISPOSAL OF PRODUCT

FOUND OFF-SPEC

SUBJECT PAGE NO .

Product Transfer by Trunk Pipeline/Local Pipeline 22

Product Transfer by Tanker 22

On Tanker 22

At Loadport 22

At High Sea/Loading Port other tha n

Refinery Location 22

At Disport 23

In Receiving Company's Tanks 23

Product Transfer by TWs and TTs 23

At Loading Location (TWs-TTs) 23

At Unloading Locations (TWs) 23

At Unloading Locations (TTs) 23

Section 5

Clause No .5. - 5.2 . 1


Related Issues

Ways and Means fo rdisposal ofproduct

found off-spec

Page No. 22

5 WAYS AND MEANS FOR DISPOSAL OF PRODUCT FOUND OFF-SPE C

5.1 PRODUCT TRANSFER BY TRUNK PIPELINE/LOCAL PIPELIN E

a) Receiving Company will endeavor to obtain approval from th eCompetent Authority/acceptance of Consumer to dispose of off-spe cproduct "as is where is" condition subject to feasibility .

b) The designated Refinery will have to assist the Company having th eoff-spec product, to correct the product to its specification subject t ofeasibility .

c) In case a) and b) above are not feasible, then the Receiving Companywill try to upgrade/downgrade the product .

d) In case a), b) and c) as mentioned above are not feasible, then theReceiving Company will be responsible for transferring the off-spe cproduct to the designated Refinery for reprocessing. The designatedRefinery will have to make necessary arrangement for receiving th eoff-spec product .

5 .2 PRODUCT TRANSFER BY TANKE R

5.2.1 On Tanker

5.2.1.1 At Loadport

If Marketing Company, after scrutinizing the Qualityreports, finds it difficult to market the off-spec productor to sell it either by upgrading/downgrading, then th eRefinery will have to find out the feasibility of blendin gthe off-spec product on tanker with good product so asto bring it to the correct specification . In case, the aboveis not feasible, then the tanker will discharge the off-spec cargo to the Refinery for reprocessing .

5.2 .1 .2 At High Sea/Loading Port other than Refinery Location .

a) The Marketing Company will find out the feasibilityof disposing of off-spec product in the market eithe rby upgrading/downgrading the product or gettin gapproval of Competent Authority for a minor chang e .in specifications.

Section 5

Clause No .5.2.1 .3 - 5.3.3


Related Issues

Ways and Meansfordisposal of produc t

found offspec

Page No. 23

b) The Marketing Company will also find out th efeasibility of correcting'the off-spec product with thegood one, available at any of the port locations .

c) In case both the alternatives as mentioned above, arenot feasible, then the tanker will be diverted to thedesignated Refinery for reprocessing .

5.2.1 .3 At Disport

a) Action will be taken as stated in a), b) and c) of 5.2 .1 . 2above .

5.2.2 In Receiving Company's Tanks

a) Action will be taken as outlined under 5 .1 above.

5 .3 PRODUCT TRANSFER BY TANKWAGONS AND TANK TRUCKS

5.3.1 At Loading Locations (TWs - TTs )The TWs/TTs found off-spec will be unloaded at Refinery/ Loadinglocation itself either for correcting the specification or fo rupgrading/downgrading or for reprocessing .

5.3 .2 At Unloading Locations (TWs)Receiving Company will find out the feasibility of correcting th eproduct by mixing with good product or by upgrading/downgradin gthe product . In case, the above is not feasible, the wagon will b ere-booked for the loading location or to the nearest refinery fo rtaking necessary action .

5.3.3 At Unloading Locations (TTs)In case product found off-spec, the TT will not be decanted by th ereceiving location. Receiving location will take necessary action i nline with the transport discipline guidelines in consultation wit hthe controlling office . The product disposal has to be made inconsultation with QC Department .

SECTION 6RESPONSIBILITY CENTRES

AND APPORTIONING OFCOST

SUBJECT PAGE NO.

Responsibility Centers 24

By Trunk Pipeline 24

By Local Pipeline 24

By Tanker 25

At Loadport 2 5

At Disport 26

By Tankwagon 27

By Tanktruck 27

Apportioning of Cost 27 & 28

Section 6

Clause No.6. - 6.1 . 2


Related Issues

Responsibility centresand apportioning of

cost

Page No. 24

6 RESPONSIBILITY CENTRES AND APPORTIONING OF COST

6.1 RESPONSIBILITY CENTER S

6.1 .1 By Trunk Pipeline

a) If the sample taken from Receiving Company's tank befor ereceipt is found to be off-spec then Receiving Company willbe responsible for the entire off-spec product in their tankafter receipt .

b) If the receipt of the Trunk Pipeline discharge is in empty tan kand if the samples goes off-spec then the sample taken a tPipeline Installation Manifold will be tested for specification .In case the above sample is on-spec then responsibility of off-spec product will be of Receiving Company unless it is prove dthat product has gone off-spec due to improper cutting o finterfaces .

c) If the sample taken from Receiving tank before receipt is foundon-spec then Receiving Company will not be responsible foroff-spec product received in their tank . Refinery/Pipeline willbe responsible for delivering off-spec product and convertin gthe existing good product into off-spec product . In such aneventuality the responsibility will be as under : -

i) Any of the samples taken from Pipelines Division Pumpdischarge Manifold at Refinery end and Refinery tank sfound to be off-spec then Refinery Division will b eresponsible for the entire off-spec product in the Receivin gCompany's tank .

ii) In case the samples taken from Refinery tank and Pipelin epump discharge manifold at Refinery end are on-spec bu tthe sample taken from Receiving tank or from pumpmanifold at the Tap off point is off-spec then PipelinesDivision will be responsible for delivering off-spec productand also converting good product into off-spec product .

6.1 .2 By Local Pipelin e

a) If the sample taken from Receiving Company's tank before

Section 6

Clause No .6.1 .3 - 6.1 .3. 1


Related Issues


cost

Page No. 25

receipt is found to be off-spec then Receiving Company will b eresponsible for the entire off-spec product in their tank afte rreceipt.

b) If the samples taken from (i) Receiving tank before receipt o fproduct (ii) pump discharge manifold at Refinery/Discharg elocation and (iii) tank sample from Refinery/Discharge locatio nare on spec and if the sample taken from the joint manifoldfrom where the Receiving Company's tap-off point starts i sfound to be off-spec then the Marketing Company/Consignorwill be responsible for the entire quantity of product going off-spec in Receiving Company's tank(s) . At this stage, theReceiving Company and Marketing Company will analyze t ofind out whether the product had gone off-spec due to earlieroperation of the pipeline . In case if it is found/proved thatproduct has gone off-spec because of earlier operation o fpipeline, then concerned Company responsible for earlie roperation will be held responsible for entire product going off-spec.

c) Any of the sample taken at the Refinery manifold (where th eRefinery pipeline ends) or at Pump discharge manifold andthe sample taken from Refinery tank is off-spec, then th eresponsibility for off-spec product received in the Receivin gCompany's tank will be of the Refinery/Transferring location .

6.1 .3 By tanker

6.1.3.1 At Load port

a) If all other samples taken at various points are foun dto be on spec and the tanker sample taken afte rloading the tanker fails in test then the responsibilit yof product going off-spec is on Marketing Companywho is responsible for loading the tanker . However ,the above responsibility should be considered fo rpassing on to the Ship owners as per Charter Part yAgreement .

b) If the sample drawn at jetty fails end but passes at

Section 6

Clause No .6.1 .3.2


Related Issues


cost

Page No. 26

Refinery pumphouse and joint manifold then th eresponsibility of failure of parcel is on Marketin gCompany. However, if further analysis proves tha tthe earlier operation of tanker loading pipeline wasnot done properly by concerned Marketin gCompany then the responsibility will be of theMarketing Company who had operated thepipeline .

c) Any of the samples (i) at refinery pumphouse (ii) a tjoint manifold (iii) from tank designated for loading ,is found to be off-spec then responsibility of loadingoff-spec product on the tanker will be of loadin glocation/ Refinery.

6 .1 .3.2 At Disport

a) If the sample taken after loading the tanker is foundto be on-spec and the sample taken at disport beforedischarge is found to be off-spec then the responsibilityof product going off-spec is on Ship-owners and th eCharter.

b) If the sample taken `on tanker' before discharge is on-spec and the sample taken at tanker manifold/jettyend found to be off-spec then the responsibility of off -spec cargo will be of the Ship-owners and th eChatterers respectively .

c) If samples taken at jetty end and on tanker are on-spec, but sample taken at Receiving Common manifoldis off-spec, then responsibility of off-spec product i son Marketing . Company .

d) If the samples taken on tanker jetty end and,at commo nmanifold are found to be on-spec, but, the sampletaken at Receiving terminal end or from the receivingtank is found to be off-spec then the responsibility ison Receiving Company.

Section 6

Clause No .6.1 .4 - 6.3


Related Issues


cost

Page No. 27

6.1.4 By Tank Wagona) The entire responsibility of product going off-spec in the tan k

wagon at any stage is of the Marketing Company having sol eagency for distribution of the product of that Refinery or theloading Company (in case of Terminals), unless it can be prove dthat the product was off-spec in the refinery tank itself orwent off-spec at various stages of refinery pipeline manifoldsincluding the loading points . In that case, the responsibilityof off-spec product in the wagon will be of refinery .

6.1.5 By Tank Truck

a) The entire responsibility of product going off-spec in the tan ktruck is of Receiving Company unless it is proved that loadin glocation or the loading Refinery had off-spec product in thei rtank or the product had contaminated due to the migration atmanifold at pumphouse, tankfarm, loading points or any othe rlocation.

6.2 TESTING OF SAMPLES

Testing of samples for fixing up the responsibility and apportioning th ecost thereof in case of product failure will necessarily have to be carrie dout only at the approved Laboratories of the Oil Industry as listed i nthe IQCM.

6.3 APPORTIONING OF COST

Depending upon the Company (Refinery/Pipelines/Marketing/Shipowners as applicable) being responsible for failure of product, the cost ofoperation to bring the product back to specification will be borne by thatCompany.

Following are the elements towards the above : -

i) Cost for correcting the product .

ii) Value lost in correcting the product .

iii) Cost of transportation/charter hiring charges .

iv) Demurrage of Tanker/TWs/TTs .

v) Detention charges on Tanker/TWs/TTs .

Section 6INDUSTRY MANUAL on

Acceptance of Product b yMarketing Companies an d

Related Issues


cost

Page No. 28

vi) Cost for reprocessing the product .

vii) Hiring charges for additional tankage due to blockage of tankageon receipt of contaminated product .

viii) Cost of Stockloss to carry-out all the above operations.

ix) Wharfage, Excise/Customs duty/Penalty duty, Port dues etc .x) Any other expenses accrued due to above operations .

SECTION - 7NEED FOR CHANGE OF

PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONEX-REFINERY TO

COMPENSATE

DETERIORATIONDURING STORAGE/TRANSIT

SUBJECT PAGE NO .

Recommendations of General Nature 29

Specific Recommendations forParticular Products 29

MS 2 9

SKO 29

NAPHTHA 29

FO 29

Section 7

Clause No.7 - 7. .2 .4


Related Issues

Needfor change ofproduc tspecification ex-refinery toCompensate for deteriora-tion during transit/storage.

Page No. 29

7 NEED FOR CHANGE OF PRODUCT SPECIFICATION EX-REFINERYTO COMPENSATE FOR DETERIORATION DURING TRANSIT/STORAGE .

7.1 RECOMMENDATIONS OF GENERAL NATURE:

a) In view of the fact that there is no separate manufacturingspecifications ,& Marketing specifications, some quality cushio nbetween manufacturing and marketing specifications is necessary .The test results at the refinery should be such that they take int oaccount the reproducibility limit for the various characteristics .

b) The refinery test reports should indicate the actual values of the tes tresults for all characteristics. It should not be indicated as "les sthan" or "more than" the specified limits .

7 .2 SPECIFIC RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PARTICULAR PRODUCTS :7.2.1 MS :

a) Wherever MS is transferred through multi product pipelines ,the RON/AKI at the Refinery should be maintained 1 unit abov ethe minimum limit depending on the manufacturing refineryand the interface anticipated. Similarly, the final boiling pointin distillation also needs to be closely controlled .

b) In view of the various components going into the Gasoline poo lat the refinery, suitable additives like antioxidants etc . at therecommended dosage should be added to minimise qualitydeterioration and to maintain the quality at the customers end .

7.2.2 SKO -Flash Point of SKO manufactured should be 38 deg Cminimum.

7.2 .3 Naphtha used as Feed Stock for Fertilizers :

Non volatile matter by P :64 test method should not be more than 5mg/l 00ml.

7 .2 .4 HSD - Kinematic Viscosity at 40°c should be maintained at least0.2 CST more than the minimum limit of the BIS Specifications .

industry manual - hpclwebapps188.hpcl.co.in/hpclond/pdfs/industry manual... · and updated manual...

Documents