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Option 2. In 1997 in the framework of the Millenium Project, the World Federation

of UN Associations published "State of the Future" report, which identified 15 global

challenges facing humanity, relating to the degradation of the environment, poverty,

income inequality, transparency, democratic development, gender inequality, war,

organized crime etc.Which of these challenges is/are the most pressing and relevant in your community,

and why? If you were the key head figure in your country's government, what

immediate decisions would you make to tackle these problems?

1. 3. How can population growth and resources be brought intobalance?

Essay:

Indonesia is the fourth biggest country in the world in term ofpeople population. As a developing country, Indonesia has diversechallenges that need to be addressed towards providing a properwelfare for its people. In scope of 15 Global Challenges facinghumanity, the challenge that obstructs Indonesias developmentthe most is population and resources issues.

The gist of population issues in Indonesia is essentially caused byunequal distribution of population across the country. Since theeconomic and governmental activities are concentrated in Jakartaas the capital city and Java as the island where it is located, thepopulation is spread mostly in this certain area as well.

Unfortunately the high population density cannot be coped by thenature because most of the land is now converted into residential

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and business area, causing massive reduction of areas that areused for watersheds and agricultures. Furthermore, theinfrastructure construction to satisfy the human needs hasbrought extensive exploration on natural resources. This leads tocatastrophe such as landslide, land subsidence, annual water

flood in Jakarta, and shortfall of food supply due to graduallydeclining production. The gap of population density is also causingthe gap of economic growth that consequently provokes thethreat of inclining crime rate, unequal welfare, health, andeducational level across Indonesia. Especially in Jakarta as thecapital city, high population density has caused severe pollutionand daily traffic jam that harm peoples health and reduceproductivity.

As part of Indonesian youth that will further carry Indonesiasfuture in my hands, Ive been devastated by these issues andconcerned in the reliable solutions. Therefore if I am in theposition as the key head figure in Indonesias government, it is anurgent action to fix the damages in Java as the densely populatedarea by imposing strict policy on city planning and urbanizationwhile enhancing the development in outside Java regions. Thedevelopment has to be carried in a manner that enticing for thepeople while complying with sustainable and environmentalaspects.

People tend to be dreaming to live in a convenient neighborhoodwith adequate facilities for health, education, and entertainment.For most people, the quest for these qualities is the reason that

drives them to move from the countryside to the urban areas. Soin order to reduce the unequal population density that caused byurbanization, Indonesia needs to build those qualities in the ruralareas. The development can be executed as channeling theinvestors to local projects; establishing entertainment and tourismcenters to attract people; standardize the health care andeducation quality by allocating qualified experts, as well asreinforcing the role of industry, local commodities trade, andagricultural activities to propel the local economic growth. Byundertaking these steps, the rural areas will gradually becomingmore developed and possess such features of a convenient

neighborhood that shall attract people to reside. Thus, willeventually distribute the density of population across Indonesiaand tackle the damages of an unequal population density.