indian national (weather) satellites for … national (weather) satellites for agrometeorological...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Indian National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications
Bimal K. BhattacharyaAgriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group
Space Applications Centre (ISRO)Ahmedabad 380015, India
Email : [email protected]
![Page 2: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
1996
1995/1997
1999 2003
IRS-1C/1D LISS-3 (23/70M)
STEERABLE PAN (5.8 M)WiFS (188M)
IRS-P3 WiFS, MOS X-Ray
IRS-P4 (OCEANSAT-1)OCM, MSMR IRS-P6(RESOURCESAT)
LISS 3 – 23.5/140 KmLISS 4 - 5.8M/ 27Km
AWiFS - 55M/ 730 Km
19991992
1990
1993
2002
2003
INSAT-1DVHRR
INSAT-2AVHRR
INSAT-2E VHRR, CCD (1
KM)INSAT-2BVHRR METSAT-1
VHRR – 2 Km(vis); 8 Km(IR & WV) INSAT-3A
VHRR – 2 Km(vis);
8 Km(IR & WV)CCD – 1 Km
PRESENT ...
2005
IRS-P5 (CARTOSAT-I) PAN 2.5 m stereo
IRS-P7 (CARTOSAT-II) PAN 0.85 m
2007
![Page 3: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
VIS : 2km TIR-day : 8km TIR-night : 8kmWV-day : 8km CCD FCC : 1kmOptical band Water Vapour band Thermal Infrared band Optical bands
KALPANA - 1 VHRR INSAT 3A CCD
1km x 1km4km x 4km4km x 4km
VIS(0.52-0.75), SWIR(1.55-1.70)MIR(3.8-4.0)WV(6.5-7.0), TIR1(10.2-11.2), TIR2(11.5-12.5)
ImagerINSAT 3D(2011)
10km x 10km19 channelsSounder100m X 100m1 km X 1km
Red, NIR, SWIRThermal IR
ImagerGeo-HR(2015)
Satellite Sensor Bands (m) Spatial res.
Kalpana -1 VHRR VIS (0.55-0.75)WV (5.7-7.1), Thermal IR (10.5-12.5)
2km x 2km8km x 8km
INSAT 3AVHRR
CCD Red (0.62-0.68), NIR(0.77-0.86), SWIR (1.55-1.69) 1km x 1km
Suite of Indian geostationary Sensors
![Page 4: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
MODIS precipitable water (cm)
Before noon (<1200 hrs) Afternoon (>1200 hrs)
RED DN NIR DNSWIR DN0300 GMT 0400 GMT 0500 GMT 0700 GMT 0900 GMT
Molecular scattering (Rayleigh)
MODIS ozone (Dobson)
MODIS AOD (tau550)
DEM (m)
Mie scattering
Level 1A correction
N
D
V
I
Level 1B & 1C correctionCloud
maskingCloud
masking
F
C
C
F
C
C
Flow of INSAT 3A CCD NDVI operational product generation
![Page 5: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
13 Aug to 28 Aug’08
6 Mar to 21Mar’09
25 May to 9June’08
1 Nov to 16 Nov’08
16 Oct to 31Oct’08
7 April to 22 April’09
2 Feb to 17 Feb’093 Dec to 18 Dec’08
10 June to 25 June’08 12 July to 27 July’08
14 Sept to 29 Sept’08
26 June to 11 July’08 28 July to 12 Aug’08
29 Aug to13 Sept’08 30 Sept to 15 Oct’08
17 Nov to 2 Dec’08 18 Feb to 05 Mar’09
22 Mar to 6 April’09 23 April to 30 April’09
VEGETATION DYNAMICS FROM INSAT 3A CCD
-1.00 – 0.00
0.13 – 0.150.16 – 0.180.19 – 0.210.22 – 0.240.25 – 0.260.27 – 0.300.31 – 0.34
0.35 – 0.370.38 – 0.410.42 – 0.460.47 – 0.500.51 – 0.600.61 – 0.690.70 – 0.790.80 – 0.90
0.01 – 0.12
![Page 6: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
INSAT TIR, WV Data3 Hourly Image
Conversion from Grey Count to TBs
Look Up Table for Calibration
Grid Average of IR TBs (0.250x0.250)
Collocation of IR TBs and MW
Rainfall
Estimation of Rainfall
IR and WV - Cloud Classification
PW & RH Correction
Corrected RainfallEstimation
Final Rain Rate, Daily, Pentad, monthly & Seasonal Rainfall
Model PW & RH Forecast
Satellite Microwave Rainfall (TRMM/SSMI)
Grid Avg. Rainfall (0.250x0.250)
Rainfall Validation/ Fine Tuning (DWR/SFRG)
Flow Chart for rainfall estimation from INSAT VHRR (Gairola et al. 2008)
Rainfall product
![Page 7: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Surface Emissivity
Original VHRR thermal IR data
Correction for atmospheric water vapour & surface
emissivityCharacteristic vertical
tropospheric air temperature profiles and
AIRS sounder based surface air temperature
cm
K
K
K1VHRR LST
Experimental product – Land surface temperature (LST)
Precipitable water
290
295
300
305
310
315
320
290 295 300 305 310 315 320Aggregated MODIS AQUA LST(K) at 0.08o grid
K1V
HR
R L
ST (K
) at 0
.08
o grid
r = 0.93, n = 1446 RMSE = 2.30 K
1:1 Line
![Page 8: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Agromet Applications
• Late season drought detection from NDVI• Identification of cold wave zone• Disaster (flood)• Evapotranspiration monitoring for stress
detection & productivity mapping
![Page 9: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
30thSept to 15thOct 2008 30thSept to 15thOct 2009
Late season agricultural drought detection from INSAT 3A CCD NDVI
-1.00 – 0.00
0.13 – 0.150.16 – 0.180.19 – 0.210.22 – 0.240.25 – 0.260.27 – 0.300.31 – 0.34
0.35 – 0.370.38 – 0.410.42 – 0.460.47 – 0.500.51 – 0.600.61 – 0.690.70 – 0.790.80 – 0.90
0.01 – 0.12-1.00 – 0.00
0.13 – 0.150.16 – 0.180.19 – 0.210.22 – 0.240.25 – 0.260.27 – 0.300.31 – 0.34
0.35 – 0.370.38 – 0.410.42 – 0.460.47 – 0.500.51 – 0.600.61 – 0.690.70 – 0.790.80 – 0.90
0.01 – 0.12
16thOct to 31stOct 2008 16thOct to 31stOct 2009
IMD June-Sept 2009
NDVI ranges
![Page 10: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
5 Feb’ 08 7 Feb’ 088 Feb’ 08 9 Feb’ 08
-3-2-101234
oC
Capturing Coldwave spell over Northwestern India during January and February2008 using nighttime thermal infrared data from Kalpana-1 VHRR
19 Jan’ 08 20 Jan’ 08 22 Jan’ 08
![Page 11: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
22 Aug 2008 31 Aug 2008 1 Sept 2008
2 Sept 2008 3 Sept 2008 5 Sept 2008
Capturing damaging events : Koshi flood 2008 from 3A CCD
![Page 12: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
Nov
05_d
ekad
2
Nov
05_d
ekad
3
Dec
05_d
ekad
1
Jan0
6_de
kad1
Feb0
6_de
kad1
Feb0
6_de
kad2
Feb0
6_de
kad3
Mar
06_d
ekad
1
Mar
06_d
ekad
2
AET
(mm
d-1
)
Trans Gangetic Plain
1.52
2.53
3.54
4.55
5.56
6.57
7.5
Nov
05_d
ekad
2
Nov
05_d
ekad
3
Dec
05_d
ekad
1
Jan0
6_de
kad1
Feb0
6_de
kad1
Feb0
6_de
kad2
Feb0
6_de
kad3
Mar
06_d
ekad
1
Mar
06_d
ekad
2
AET
(mm
d-1
)
Forest
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
Nov
05_d
ekad
2
Nov
05_d
ekad
3
Dec
05_d
ekad
1
Jan0
6_de
kad1
Feb0
6_de
kad1
Feb0
6_de
kad2
Feb0
6_de
kad3
Mar
06_d
ekad
1
Mar
06_d
ekad
2
AET
(mm
d-1
)
DesertAgriculture Forest Desert
AET November AET December AET January AET February AET March
RET November RET December RET January RET February RET March
Monthly Actual and Relative Evapotranspiration during rabi seasonusing surface energy balance approach
1.0
2.03.0
4.0
5.06.0
7.0
8.0
mm d-1
0.2
0.40.6
0.8
1.0>1.0
![Page 13: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Automated Microclimatein situ observational NetworkUsing INSAT Communication
Transponder – A recent Initiativefrom ISRO
![Page 14: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Defining 10 m INSAT- uplinked micrometeorological tower for short (2-3m) vegetation
Agro- Met Station (AMS)
![Page 15: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Micromet tower network in India
Selection criteria : fetch ratio (1:50 to 1:100), Agroclimate, vegetation, soil type
CROP
GRASS
WETLAND
DESERT
![Page 16: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Forecasting Agricultural out put using Space, Agrometeorologyand Land based observations (FASAL)
Econometry
Agro
Meteorology
LandObservations RS, Mod. Re.
TemporalRS, High Re.
Single date
Conventional Remote Sensing
MULTIPLE IN-SEASON FORECAST
Pre-Season
Early-Season
Mid-SeasonState
Pre-HarvestState
Pre-HarvestDistrict
Cropped areaCrop condition
Crop acreage
Crop yield
RevisedIncorporating damage
![Page 17: Indian National (Weather) SATellites for … National (Weather) SATellites for Agrometeorological Applications Bimal K. Bhattacharya Agriculture-Terrestrial Biosphere- Hydrology Group](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5ad77be97f8b9a6b668d0640/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Thank you……..