indian forts
DESCRIPTION
brief indian fortsTRANSCRIPT
Overview:
• The capital of each raja was a fort around which a township grew and developed. this pattern can be seen in many South Asian cities such as Delhi, Agra, Rajasthan, Lahore, Pune, Kolkata and Mumbai.
• Two forts in India are World Heritage sites the Agra Fort and the Red Fort. • The fort was written about by the scribes of Alexander the Great, thus making it the oldest
fort in India.
• These magnificent forts can not be described in words as they will look too small in front of forts that makes India beautiful.
• Delhi, the capital of India also consist of some great forts. • Some of the famous forts of Delhi are the Red fort,.• These grand forts are the glory of Indian majestic past.• There are many other forts of importance in India. Some of the most notable are the Red
fort, Agra and many more.
A protected enclosure, building, or position that stands strong in defense against an enemy (e.g. Red Fort)
A permanent army post (e.g. Fort Collins)
What is a Fort?
From very early history to modern times, walls have been a necessity for many cities
Uruk, in ancient Sumer (Mesopotamia) was one of the world's oldest known walled cities
The Ancient Egyptians also built fortresses on the frontiers of the Nile Valley to protect against invaders from its neighboring territories
Many of the forts of the ancient world were built with mud brick
Why were Forts built?
Forts are important architectural relics of the long history
of India
The capital of each Raja or King had a fort, around which a township grew and developed
This pattern can be seen in many Indian cities such as Delhi, Agra, Pune, Kolkata and Mumbai
Two forts in India are UNESCO world heritage sites
History of Forts in India
Agra Fort Red Fort
10 Famous Forts of India
Qila Mubarak Fort William Amber Fort Mehrangarh
Fort Jaisalmer Fort
Chittorgarh Fort Agra Fort Golconda Fort Lal Qila/Red Fort Gwalior Fort
Where is it? When was it built and by whom? Features of the fort
For every Fort let’s answer the following
Qila Mubarak
The oldest surviving fort in India is the Qila Mubarak at Bathinda (Punjab)
Built in 90-110 AD, by Emperor Kanishka and Raja Dab
Facts Razia Sultan (the first woman to take charge of the
Delhi throne ) was imprisoned here in 1204 Visited by Guru Nanak Dev (1515), Guru Teg Bahadur
(1665), Guru Gobind Singh (1705)
Qila Mubarak
Fort William
It is situated in Kolkata, on the Eastern banks of the River Hooghly
Built in 1781, during the early years of the Bengal Presidency of British India
Facts It was named after King William III of England Fort is built of brick and mortar in the shape of an
irregular octagon In front of the Fort is the Maidan, the largest urban
park in Kolkata
Fort William
Amber Fort
Located in Amber (near Jaipur) Built in 1592, by Raja Man Singh Facts
Name derived from Amba Mata (Mother Earth) Perfect blend of Hindu and Muslim Architecture Fort is built with white marble and red sandstone Inside looks like a palace with a huge courtyard, Shila
Mata (Kali) temple, residence of the Maharaja, silver doors, mosaics, marble columns, hand paintings ,sculptures
Amber Fort
Mehrangarh Fort
One of the largest forts in Jodhpur Built in 1459, by Rao Jodha (Rathore Ruler) Facts
The hill was called Bhaurcheerja, the mountain of birds Inside the Fort, there are majestic rooms called Moti
Mahal, Sheesh Mahal, Phool Mahal and Takhat Vilas
Mehrangarh Fort
Jaisalmer Fort (Sonar Kella)
One of the largest forts in world, located in Jaisalmer Built in 1156, by Rawal Jaisal (Rajput Ruler) Facts
Stands on the golden stretches of Thar desert World’s only living Fort with quarter of Jaisalmer’s
population living inside Sri Satyajit Ray created a famous detective film “Sonar
Kella” based on this Fort
Jaisalmer Fort
Chittorgarh Fort
Also called Water Fort, located in Chittaur Built in 7th century AD, by Mauryans Facts
Some believe Bhim (one of Pandava brothers) built this fort
Inside the Fort, Vijay Stambh (Tower of Victory), Kirti Stambh (Tower of Fame), Gaumukh Reservoir, Rana Kumbha and Padmini Palace, Meera Temple
Witnessed many Jauhars
Chittorgarh Fort
Agra Fort
Located in Agra near world famous Taj Mahal Completed in 1573, under Akbar the Great Facts
Inside the Fort, Diwan-i-Aam, Diwani-i-Khas, Jahangiri Mahal, Khas Mahal, Anguri Bagh, Golden Pavilions, Musamman Burj
When Aurangzeb imprisoned his father Shah Jahan, he viewed the construction of Taj Mahal from Musamman Burj (a tower with a marble balcony, which provides best view of Taj Mahal)
Agra Fort
Golconda Fort
Located in Golconda, near Hyderabad Built in 13th century by the Kakatiya Kings Facts
Situated on a 400 feet high granite hill Has amazing acoustics, where sound of a clap from
near the front gate can be heard on top of the citadel Many famous diamonds were excavated from mines at
Golconda (Hope Diamond at Smithsonian in Washington DC, Darya-e-Noor)
Golconda Fort
Red Fort (Lal Qila)
Located in New Delhi Built in 1648 by Emperor Shah Jahan Facts
Shah Jahan moved the Mughal capital from Agra to Delhi and created his palace in Red Fort
Served as capital of Mughals until 1857 Indian Independence celebrated with Flag hoisting at
Red Fort every year. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru first hoisted the Indian Flag on Independence Day (August 15th, 1947)
Red Fort
Gwalior Fort
Located in Gwalior (birthplace of Mia Tansen) Built in 8th century by Tomar Rulers Facts
Emperor Babur described it as “The pearl in the necklace of the forts of Hind”
Inside the Fort, Gurjari Mahal and Man Mandir palace First epigraphic evidence of “0” (Shunya in Sanskrit)
was found on a tablet near a 9th century Hindu temple
Gwalior Fort
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