indian cyber law commonwealth world bank conference delhi
TRANSCRIPT
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INDIAN CYBERLAWINDIAN CYBERLAW--SOME PERSPECTIVESSOME PERSPECTIVES
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AA
PRESENTATIONPRESENTATIONBYBY
PAVAN DUGGAL,PAVAN DUGGAL,ADVOCATE,ADVOCATE,SUPREME COURT OF INDIASUPREME COURT OF INDIA
PRESIDENT,CYBERLAWS.NETPRESIDENT,CYBERLAWS.NET
HEADHEAD--PAVAN DUGGALPAVAN DUGGALASSOCIATESASSOCIATES
NEWNEW DELHIDELHI--1919--55--20062006
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PUBLIC DOMAIN BUZZPUBLIC DOMAIN BUZZ
GOAPGOAP EE--TENDERINGTENDERING PROJECTPROJECT
NOTNOT BASEDBASED UPONUPO N DIGITALDIGITAL SIGNATURES,SIGNATURES,
DESPITEDESPITE BEINGBEING LAUNCHEDLAUNCHED ININ 20022002
ALLEGATIONSALLEGATIONS AGAINSTAGAINST THETHE BACKENDBACKEND
SERVICESERVICE PROVIDER,PROVIDER, WHOWHO HADHAD ACCESSACCESS TOTO
ALLALL BIDDINGBIDDING CONFIDENTIALCONFIDENTIAL INFORMATIONINFORMATION
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NEW CASESNEW CASES
GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT OFOF RAJASTHANRAJASTHAN-- TENDERTENDER FORFOR
CUSTOMIZEDCUSTOMIZED SOFTWARESOFTWARE
CAUGHTCAUGHT ININ AA LEGALLEGAL BATTLEBATTLE BETWEENBETWEEN
VENDO
RS
VENDO
RS
ININ THETHE DELHIDELHI HIG
HHIG
H CO
URTCO
URT
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NEW CASES( contd)NEW CASES( contd)
ASHOKINTEGRIXASHOKINTEGRIX IPIP ADDRESSADDRESS CASECASE-- INDIASINDIAS
FIRSTFIRST JOHNJOHN DOEDOE CASECASE ININ INFORMATIONINFORMATION
TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY LITIGATIONLITIGATION
BIRTHBIRTHO
FO
FAA
NEW NEW KINDKINDO
FO
F LIA
BILITY
LIA
BILITY
NO
TNO
T
YETYET PERCEIVEDPERCEIVED
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NEW CASESNEW CASES
ARIFARIF AZIMAZIM CASECASE-- INDIASINDIAS FIRSTFIRST
CYBERCRIMECYBERCRIME CONVICTIONCONVICTION
BREACHBREACH OFOF DATADATA SECURITYSECURITY
INTERNALINTERNAL SOURCESSOURCES-- THETHE BIGGESTBIGGEST RISKRISK FORFOR
ANYANY LEGALLEGAL ENTITYENTITY USINGUSING COMPUTERSCOMPUTERS
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BEGINNING OF LIABLITYBEGINNING OF LIABLITY
SS..CHANDERCHA NDER CASECASE-- INDIASINDIAS FIRSTFIRST LEGALLEGAL
PRECEDENTPRECEDENT FORFOR EXPOSUREEXPOSURE TOTO LIABILITYLIABILITY
FOREMOSTFOREMOST BANKBANK MADEMADE LIABLELIABLE FORFOR MISUSEMISUSE
ON
O N THETHE NETW
ORKNETW
ORK B
YB
Y AN
A N ERR
ANTERR
ANT
EMPLOYEEEMPLOYEE
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CELEBRATED CASESCELEBRATED CASES
BAAZEEBAAZEE..COMCOM CASECASE
KARANKARAN BAHREEBAHREE CASECASE
MPHASISMPHASIS CASECASE
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CYBER LAW IN INDIACYBER LAW IN INDIA
InIn IndiaIndia thethe InformationInformation TechnologyTechnology Act,Act,
20002000 isis thethe legislationlegislation thatthat dealsdeals withwith issuesissues
relatedrelated toto thethe InternetInternet..
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THETHE
INFORMATIONINFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY ACT , 2000TECHNOLOGY ACT , 2000
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I.T. ACT, 2000:I.T. ACT, 2000:
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES DifferentDifferent approachesapproaches forfor controlling,controlling,
regulatingregulating andand facilitatingfacilitating electronicelectronic
communicationcommunication andand commercecommerce..
AimAim toto provide provide legallegal infrastructureinfrastructure forfor
ee--commercecommerce inin IndiaIndia..
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GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT NSP??NSP??
GOVERNMENTSGOVERNMENTS PROVIDINGPROVIDING SERVICESSERVICES ONON
THETHE NETWORKNETWORK
GOVERNMENTSGOVERNMENTS AREARE INTERMEDIARIESINTERMEDIARIES
UNDERUNDER THETHE ITIT ACT,ACT, 20002000,, ALLALL
GOVERNMENTS,GOVERNMENTS, CENTRALCENTRAL ANDAND STATE,STATE, ASAS
ASLOASLO ALLALL GOVERNMENTALGOVERNMENTAL BODIESBODIES AREARE
NETWORKNETWORKSERVICESERVICE PROVIDERSPROVIDERS
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Section 79Section 79
ForFor thethe removalremoval ofof doubts,doubts, itit isis herebyherebydeclareddeclared thatthat nono personperson providingproviding anyany serviceserviceasas aa networknetwork serviceservice provider provider shallshall bebe liableliable
underunder thisthis Act,Act, rulesrules oror regulationsregulations mademadethereunderthereunder forfor anyany thirdthird partyparty informationinformation orordatadata mademade availableavailable byby himhim ifif hehe provesproves thatthatthethe offenceoffence oror contraventioncontravention waswas committedcommittedwithoutwithout hishis knowledgeknowledge oror thatthat hehe hadhad exercisedexercisedallall duedue diligencediligence toto preventprevent thethe commissioncommission ofofsuchsuch offenceoffence oror contraventioncontravention..
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Network Service Providers:Network Service Providers:
When Not LiableWhen Not Liable ExplanationExplanation..ForFor thethe purposespurposes ofof thisthis section,section,
(a)(a) "network"network serviceservice provider"provider" meansmeans ananintermediaryintermediary;;
(b)(b) "third"third party party information"information" meansmeans anyany
informationinformation dealtdealt withwith byby aa networknetwork serviceserviceproviderprovider inin hishis capacitycapacity asas anan intermediaryintermediary..
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TRANSPARENCYTRANSPARENCY
NEED NEED FORFOR TRANSPARENTTRANSPARENT EE--
GOVERNMENTALGOVERNMENTAL PROVIDERSPROVIDERS
RIGHTRIGHT TOTO INFORMATIONINFORMATION ACTACT
GOVERNMENTALGOVERNMENTAL WOULDWOULD NOWNOW NOTNOT BEBE ABLEABLE
TOTO HIDEHIDE RECORDSRECORDS CONCERNINGCONCERNING EE--
GOVERNMENTALGOVERNMENTAL PROCUREMENTSPROCUREMENTS
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IT ACT, 2000IT ACT, 2000--OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
ToTo provideprovide legallegal recognitionrecognition forfor transactionstransactions::--
CarriedCarried outout by by meansmeans ofof electronicelectronic datadata
interchange,interchange, andand OtherOther meansmeans ofof electronicelectronic communication,communication,
commonlycommonly referredreferred toto asas "electronic"electronic
commerce",commerce", involvinginvolving thethe useuse ofof alternativesalternatives toto
paperpaper--based based methodsmethods ofof communicationcommunication andand
storagestorage ofof informationinformation..
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OBJECTIVES (contd.)OBJECTIVES (contd.)
ToTo facilitatefacilitate electronicelectronic filingfiling ofof documentsdocuments
withwith thethe GovernmentGovernment agenciesagencies
ToTo amendamend thethe IndianIndian PenalPenal Code,Code, thethe IndianIndian
EvidenceEvidence Act,Act, 18721872,, thethe Banker'sBanker's BookBook
EvidenceEvidence Act,Act, 18911891 andand thethe ReserveReserve BankBank ofofIndiaIndia Act,Act, 19341934
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AUTHENTICATION OFAUTHENTICATION OF
ELECTRONIC RECORDSELECTRONIC RECORDS AnyAny subscribersubscriber maymay authenticateauthenticate anan electronicelectronic
recordrecord
AuthenticationAuthentication by by affixingaffixing hishis digitaldigitalsignaturesignature..
AnyAny personperson byby thethe useuse ofof aa publicpublic keykey ofof thethe
subscribersubscriber cancan verifyverify thethe electronicelectronic recordrecord
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LEGALITY OF DIGITALLEGALITY OF DIGITAL
SIGNATURESSIGNATURES LegalLegal recognitionrecognition ofof digitaldigital signaturessignatures..
ElectronicElectronic SignaturesSignatures notnot yetyet legallegal inin IndiaIndia..
CertifyingCertifying AuthoritiesAuthorities forfor DigitalDigital SignaturesSignatures..
SchemeScheme forfor RegulationRegulation ofof CertifyingCertifying
AuthoritiesAuthorities forfor DigitalDigital SignaturesSignatures
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CONTROLLER OFCONTROLLER OFCERTIFYINGCERTIFYING
AUTHORITIESAUTHORITIES
ShallShall exerciseexercise supervisionsupervision overover thethe activitiesactivities
ofof CertifyingCertifying AuthoritiesAuthorities
LayLay downdown standardsstandards andand conditionsconditions
governinggoverning CertifyingCertifying AuthoritiesAuthorities
SpecifyS pecify variousvarious formsforms andand contentcontent ofof
DigitalDigital SignatureSignature CertificatesCertificates
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DIGITAL SIGNATURES &DIGITAL SIGNATURES &
ELECTRONIC RECORDSELECTRONIC RECORDS UseUse ofof ElectronicElectronic RecordsRecords andand DigitalDigital SignaturesSignatures inin
GovernmentGovernment AgenciesAgencies..
PublicationsPublications ofof rulesrules andand regulationsregulations inin thethe
ElectronicElectronic GazetteGazette..
MCAMCA 2121 ProjectProject-- UsageUsage ofof DigitalDigital SignaturesSignatures
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COMPENSATIONCOMPENSATION
IfIf aa personperson withoutwithout thethe permissionpermission ofof ownerowner oror anyany
otherother person person inin chargecharge ofof aa computer,computer, computercomputer
systemsystem oror computercomputer network,network, accessesaccesses oror securessecuresaccessaccess toto suchsuch computer,computer, computercomputer systemsystem oror
computercomputer network,network, hehe isis liableliable toto pay pay statutorystatutory
damagesdamages by by wayway ofof compensation,compensation, notnot exceedingexceeding
oneone CroreCrore rupeesrupees (( RsRs 1010,,000000,,000000//-- )) toto thethe personperson
soso affectedaffected..
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CYBER OFFENCESCYBER OFFENCES
VariousVarious cybercyber offencesoffences defineddefined
CyberCyber offencesoffences toto be be investigatedinvestigated onlyonly byby aa
PolicePolice OfficerOfficer notnot below below thethe rankrank ofof thethe
DeputyDeputy SuperintendentSuperintendent ofofPolicePolice..
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CYBER OFFENCES (contd.)CYBER OFFENCES (contd.)
TamperingTampering withwith computercomputer sourcesource documentsdocuments..
PublishingPublishing ofof informationinformation whichwhich isis obsceneobscene inin
electronicelectronic formform..
BreachBreach ofof confidentialityconfidentiality andand privacyprivacy..
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CYBER OFFENCES (contd.)CYBER OFFENCES (contd.)
HackingHacking
MisrepresentationMisrepresentation
PublishingPublishing DigitalDigital SignatureSignature CertificateCertificate falsefalse
inin certaincertain particulars particulars andand publication publication forfor
fraudulentfraudulent purposespurposes..
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LITIGATION ALREADYLITIGATION ALREADY
BEGUNBEGUN Litigation already begun in India relation to eLitigation already begun in India relation to e--
procurement.procurement.
Numerous legal issues relating to electronicNumerous legal issues relating to electronicgovernment procurement will continue togovernment procurement will continue to
emerge in the near future.emerge in the near future.
Need to adopt a proactive approach in dealingNeed to adopt a proactive approach in dealing
with these various legal challengeswith these various legal challenges
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AMENDMENTS INAMENDMENTS IN
IT ACT, 2000IT ACT, 2000 MAKES THE LAW TECHNOLOGYMAKES THE LAW TECHNOLOGY
NEUTRALNEUTRAL
ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES INSTEAD OFELECTRONIC SIGNATURES INSTEAD OFDIGITAL SIGNATURESDIGITAL SIGNATURES
NEW PROVISION ON PRIVACYNEW PROVISION ON PRIVACY
WATERS DOWN THE LIABILITYOF THEWATERS DOWN THE LIABILITYOF THENETWORKSERVICE PROVIDERSNETWORKSERVICE PROVIDERS
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HUGE DRAWBACKS OF THEHUGE DRAWBACKS OF THE
PROPSOED AMENDMENTSPROPSOED AMENDMENTS DATAPROTECTIONDATAPROTECTION
NO NEW CYBERCRIMESADDEDNO NEW CYBERCRIMESADDED
PRIVACYAPPROACH PRIMITIVEPRIVACYAPPROACH PRIMITIVE
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
TAXATIONTAXATION
EE--PAYMENTSPAYMENTS
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NEED TO COMPLYNEED TO COMPLY
ThereThere isis aa needneed toto proactivelyproactively complycomply withwith thethe
requirementsrequirements ofof thethe IndianIndian CyberlawCyberlaw ..
NecessaryNecessary toto limitlimit liabilityliability andand emergenceemergence ofofundesirableundesirable consequencesconsequences..
TheThe InformationInformation TechnologyTechnology Act,Act, 20002000
currentlycurrently underunder reviewreview byby thethe GovernmentGovernment..
Need Need toto adoptadopt aa flexibleflexible approachapproach ofof duedue
diligencediligence..
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THAT WAS A PRESENTATIONTHAT WAS A PRESENTATION
BYBY
PAVAN DUGGAL,PAVAN DUGGAL,
ADVOCATE, SUPREME COURT OF INDIAADVOCATE, SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
PRESIDENT, CYBERLAWS.NETPRESIDENT, CYBERLAWS.NET
HEADHEAD--PAVAN DUGGAL ASSOCIATESPAVAN DUGGAL ASSOCIATES
EMAIL : [email protected] : [email protected]
[email protected]@gmail.com