india’s first lead-free upvc pipe - astral pipes · 03 04 subsidiaries certificates &...
TRANSCRIPT
A A Q / P C / 0 0 0R E V : 0 1 / 0 6 / 1 8
Registered & Corporate Office : Astral Poly Technik Ltd.207/1, Astral House, B/h Rajpath Club, Off S. G. Highway, Ahmedabad - 380059.
Ph: 079 6621 2000 | Fax: 079 6621 2121 | Website: www.astralpipes.com
For Export Enquiries: [email protected]
Branch Offices: MUMBAI : 022 - 2838 9744 • PUNE : 0 - 84461 14455 • NEW DELHI : 011 - 2616 9461 • BENGALURU : 080 - 2661 7236 • HYDERABAD : 040 - 2790 0023 • CHENNAI : 044 - 4350 6384
• JAIPUR : 0141 - 297 4322 • LUCKNOW : 0522 - 272 8844 • KOCHI : 0484 - 332 8156
INDIA’S FIRSTLEAD-FREEUPVC PIPE
INDEX
Astral - India's Progressive Pipe Company .......................................................................................01
Marketing Network ..........................................................................................................................02
Subsidiaries......................................................................................................................................03
Certificates & Approvals...................................................................................................................04
Introduction .....................................................................................................................................05
Key Properties..................................................................................................................................07
The Difference Between uPVC & PVC..............................................................................................08
Field of Applications ........................................................................................................................08
Standards & Specifications...............................................................................................................09
Pressure Pipes and Fittings...............................................................................................................10
PVC Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 Fittings......................................................................................11
Basic Socket Dimensions..................................................................................................................12
uPVC Pressure Fittings .....................................................................................................................13
uPVC Pressure Pipes ........................................................................................................................21
Installation Procedure.......................................................................................................................22
Joint Curing .....................................................................................................................................23
Carrying Capacity and Friction Loss for Schedule 40 Thermoplastic Pipe ........................................24
Carrying Capacity and Friction Loss for Schedule 80 Thermoplastic Pipe ........................................25
Testing Pressure System...................................................................................................................26
Expansion and Contraction of uPVC Pipe ........................................................................................27
Underground Installation..................................................................................................................28
Handling and Storage ......................................................................................................................31
Frequently Asked Questions About Astral Aquarius® .......................................................................33
Notes ...............................................................................................................................................35
INNOVATION &RECOGNITIONS
• First to introduce CPVC piping system in India (1999)
• First to launch lead free uPVC piping system in India (2004)
• Corp Excel- National SME Excellence Award (2006)
• First to get NSF Certification for CPVC piping system in India (2007)
• First to launch lead free uPVC column pipes in India (2012)
• Enterprising Entrepreneur of the year 2012-13
• Business Standard Star SME of the year (2013)
• Inc. India Innovative 100 for Smart Innovation under category of "Technology“ (2013)
• India’s Most Promising Brand Award (2014)
• Value Creator Award during the first ever Fortune India Next 500 (2015)
• India’s Most Trusted Brand Award (2015)
• India’s Most Trusted Pipe Brand Award (2016)
• ET Inspiring Business Leaders of India Award (2016)
• India’s Most Attractive Pipe Brand Award (2016)
• Fortune India 500 Company (2016)
• Consumer Validated Superbrands India (2017)
ONLY THOSE PRODUCTS BEARING THE ABOVE MARKS ARE CERTIFIED
www.astralpipes.com 01
ASTRAL - INDIA'SPROGRESSIVE PIPECOMPANY
Astral Poly Technik Limited was established in 1996 with the aim to manufacture pro-india plumbing
and drainage systems in the country. While serving the plumbing needs of millions of houses, the
company adds extra milage to india‘s developing real estate fraternity. Our contribution to the
plumbing industry in the form of being pro-innovative bears the hallmark of unbeaten quality. Astral
Poly Technik Limited is equipped with production facilities at Santej & Dholka (Gujarat), and Hosur
(Tamil nadu) to manufacture Plumbing systems, Drainage ststems, Agriculture Systems, Industrial
Piping, Fire Sprinkler Piping Systems and Electrical Conduit Pipes with all kinds of ecessary fittings.
We are also known as pro- customers‘ company as we serve with an intention of taking excellence to
new heights. Through our quality products and services we have also achieved the benchmark of
being Pro-India Company in numerous ways. Astral Pipes has been awarded as ‘ASTRAL – India’s
Most Trusted Brand in the category of Pipes’ according to ‘The Brand Trust Report, India Study 2016’,
and also won place in ‘Consumers Superbrands Edition 2016-17’ becoming consumer validated
Superbrand in Piping category. Our incessant focus on quality piping leads us to be prominent player
in the categoty and a wellknown piping brand.
www.astralpipes.com 02
ASTRAL has marketing network of more than 800
distributors and 25,000 dealers spread all over India with
branch offices at Mumbai, Pune, Delhi, Bengaluru, Chennai,
Hyderabad, Jaipur, Lucknow, Kochi and Indore apart from that
ASTRAL has its own warehouses at Bengaluru, Coimbatore,
Hyderabad, Vijaywada, Kolkata, Ghaziabad, Kolhapur, Indore
and Nagpur to deliver the material as quick as possible. More
than 300 techno marketing professionals and administrative
personnel are on the board to coordinate with architects,
plumbing contractors and plumbers to utilize the best
plumbing techniques and to get the best from the product.
MARKETINGNETWORK
Plants
Depots
Corporate OfficeBranch Offices
Plants
Depots
Corporate OfficeBranch Offices
New DelhiGhaziabad
Ghiloth
Jaipur
Mumbai
Pune
Kolhapur
Hyderabad
Vijayawada
Hosur
Chennai
Kochi
Coimbatore
Bengaluru
Lucknow
AhmedabadDholka Indore
Nagpur
Santej
www.astralpipes.com 03 www.astralpipes.com 04
SUBSIDIARIES CERTIFICATES & APPROVALS
Seal IT Services Limited, a UK based subsidiary of the Astral Poly Technik Ltd. has entered into U.S. market by acquiring silicone tape business of Rowe Industries Inc., USA.
For almost two decades, Bond It has been a manufacturer of high performance, high quality building chemicals such as sealants, adhesives, grouts, cleaners, expanding foams, fillers, decorating sundries, landscaping products and other similar products.
Resinova manufactures a diversified range of adhesives, sealants, putties and construction aids. Our products are mostly pioneering efforts where advantages has been taken of our knowledge of different chemistries such as epoxy, silicones, acrylics, cyanoacrylates, UV care, PVA etc. Our products stand for quality and reliability and are marketed through a network of about more than 2000 distributors and 4,50,000 dealers across the country.
an company
- UK
an company
- USA
www.astralpipes.com 06 www.astralpipes.com 05
ASTRAL Aquarius ASTM uPVC pipes and fittings are Lead Free and hence non toxic, easy to install and are made for life time trouble free service. ASTRAL Aquarius pipes and fittings are available in range of 15 mm (½”) to 300 mm (12”) with two di�erent class SCH 40 and SCH 80.
As the full line leading manufacturer of CPVC pipes and fittings for residential and inzdustrial applications and now with ASTM uPVC pressure pipes and fittings, ASTRAL can be your one stop source for all the plastic piping system you require for lifetime plumbing solution.
INTRODUCTION
PVC - POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
PVC is one of the specified thermoplastic for piping system components, including valves, fittings, flanges and many speciality products. PVC has excellent chemical and corrosion resistance to a broad range of fluids. ASTRAL uPVC materials conform to ASTM Cell Classification 12454-B of ASTM D1784 (formally designated as Type I, Grade I). The maximum recommended service temperature of PVC products is 60°C (140°F)
BENEFITS OF ASTRAL AQUARIUS SYSTEM OVER OTHER uPVC SYSTEMS
ASTRAL Aquarius uPVC pipes being lead free are non-toxic and hence favoured for use in applications such as potable water pipes. ASTRAL Aquarius uPVC Plumbing system utilizes NSF (National Sanitation Foundation) approved one-step solvent cement, specifically formulated for the use. Joining is accomplished quickly and e�ciently utilizing inexpensive tools thereby greatly reducing labour and installation costs.
ASTRAL Aquarius uPVC pipes & fittings exhibit the well-known physical characteristics and other benefits of conventional uPVC piping such as good chemical and corrosion resistance, low thermal conductivity, high strength-to-weight ratio, good impact resistance and ease of installation.
ASTRAL Aquarius uPVC solvent joint plumbing system makes its pressure bearing capacity twice than that of the threaded pipe.
THREADED UPVC PIPE SOLVENT WELDUPVC PIPE
WHAT MAKES PVC IMPORTANT?
PVC makes a major contribution to the quality, safety and cost- e�ectiveness of construction materials, as well as helping to reduce the environmental impact of completed projects.
PVC is the most widely used polymer in building and construction applications and over 50 percent of Western Europe’s annual PVC production is used in this sector. PVC has a versatility that helps to meet modern and future design needs.
www.astralpipes.com 07 www.astralpipes.com 08
FIELD OF APPLICATIONS
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN uPVC & PVCThere has been a lot of confusion in the thermoplastics industry regarding the use of the terms uPVC and PVC when
specifying thermoplastic piping products. For many years, certain regions of the world have preferred using the term uPVC
when specifying unplasticized Polyvinyl Chioride piping products while other regions of the world, The United State of
America for instance, prefer the acronym PVC (less the U) when specifying the same unplasticized PVC piping products.
Essentially, both references indicate that the type of PVC required be unplasticized, rigid PVC. The most important aspect
of specifying PVC piping products is not the abbreviation but the cell classifi cation of the thermoplastic material. For rigid,
unplasticized Type I Grade 1 PVC material with a hydrostatic design stress of 2000psi the cell classifi cation is 12454. These
numbers indicate the minimum physical properties that a rigid, unplasticized thermoplastic compound must meet per
ASTM D1784 to be used in the manufacture of pressure piping components. In summary, whether a thermoplastic vinyl
piping, product is specifi ed as uPVC is not important, it is the cell classifi cation, and materials’ physical properties that is
most important.
• Cold Water Plumbing Application
• Water Distribution Mains
• Industrial Process Lines
• Swimming Pools
• Plants & Tanning Plants
• Hand Pumps
• Sugar, Paper & Distillery Industries
• Salt Water Line
• Aggressive Corrosive Fluid Transportation
• Coal Washing & Ash Handling
• Ring Lines
• Down Take Lines
KEY PROPERTIESThe key properties of ASTRAL Aquarius high pressure Lead Free Plumbing System are signifi cant with following features
STRONG AND LIGHT WEIGHT
ASTRAL Aquarius Lead Free Plumbing System is tough, durable with high tensile and impact strength. The system is light in weight and can be transported easily from one place to another.
EASY TO INSTALL
ASTRAL Aquarius Lead Free pipes can be cut, shaped, welded and jointed easily.
FIRE RESISTANT
ASTRAL Aquarius Lead Free Plumbing System is inherently difficult to ignite and stops burning once the source of heat is removed. Compared to its common plastic alternatives PVC performs better in terms of lower combustibility, flammability, flame propagation and heat release. Newly developed advantages in terms of lower acid emissions, smoke generation and enhanced fi re resistance.
DURABLE
ASTRAL Aquarius Lead Free Plumbing System is durable and free from weaknesses caused by rusting, weathering and chemical action and hence last for life time.
UV STABILIZED
ASTRAL Aquarius Lead Free Plumbing System can be used in sunlight exposed conditions. However, ASTRAL recommends a standard grade of exterior latex paint (water base) which will protect the system adequately. SIMPLE AND LEAK PROOF JOINTS Jointing can be done speedily with special IPS solvent cement supplied by the company which ensures 100% leak proof joints.
SAFE MATERIAL FOR DRINKING WATER
ASTRAL Aquarius pipes are non-toxic and lead free which makes them a safe material for potable water. It is also the world’s most researched and thoroughly tested material for PVC which meets all international standards for safety and health for both the products and applications.
MAXIMUM FLOW RATE
Smooth inner surface ensures high fl ow rate and low friction losses. The system is leach and scale free.
GOOD INSULATOR
PVC does not conduct electricity. ASTRAL Aquarius pipes are non conductor of electricity so it make the plumbing system safe when working with electrical tools or equipments.
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE
uPVC is generally inert to most mineral acids, bases, salts and paraffi nic hydrocarbon solutions. For more information on uPVC chemical resistance refer to Chemical Resistance of Rigid Vinyls Based.
WIDE RANGE
ASTRAL Aquarius Lead Free Plumbing System available from ½” (15 mm) to 12” (300 mm) with wide range of fi ttings, transition fittings, valves and specially designed brass inserted fi ttings to suit any design criteria.
www.astralpipes.com 09 www.astralpipes.com 10
ASTM D 1784 - Rigid Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Compounds.
ASTM D 1785 - Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Plastic Pipes, SCH 40 & SCH 80.
ASTM D 2466 - Socket type Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, SCH 40.
ASTM D 2467 - Socket type Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, SCH 80.
ASTM D 2564 - Solvent Cements for Plastic Pipes & Fittings
ASTM F 1498 - Taper Pipe threads 60° for Thermoplastics Pipe & Fittings
ASTM D 2774 - Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipes.
ISO 7/1 - Pipe threads where pressure joints are made on threads -
Part 1 : Designation, Dimension & Tolerances.
DESCRIPTIVE CODES
ASTM - American Society for Testing of Materials.
BSP - British Standard Pipe
NPT - National Pipe Threads (ANSI)
MIPT - Male Iron Pipe Threads
SPIGOT - Spigot End (IPS)
MBSP - Male BSP Threads
PVC - Poly Vinyl Chloride
ANSI - American National Standards Institute
IPS - Iron Pipe Size (ASTM)
FIPT - Female Iron Pipe Threads
SOCKET - Solvent Weld Socket
FBSP - Female BSP Threads
NSF - National Sanitation Foundation
EPDM - Ethylene Propylene Rubber
IMPORTANT FOR INSTALLERS & USERS:
WATER HAMMERASTRAL recommends that all uPVC Plastic piping systems be designed and constructed to avoid excessive WATER HAMMER. Water hammer can cause damage and failure to pipe, valves and fi ttings within the piping system
THREADED CONNECTIONS :Use a quality grade thread sealant. Do not use substances that could cause stress cracking to plastic. Major attention must be given while making plastic thread joints. 1 to 2 turns beyond FINGER TIGHT is generally all that is required to make a sound plastic connection. Unnecessary OVER TIGHTENING will cause DAMAGE TO BOTH PIPES & FITTINGS. Also give proper attention while selecting the thereaded fittings, as ASTRAL manufacture some fittings with NPT threads & some fittings with BSP threads to give more versatility to customer NPT threads are not compatible with BSP threads.
SEAL & GASKET LUBRICANTSSome Lubricants, including vegetable oils are known to cause stress cracking in thermoplastics materials. A mild soap or commercially available pipe gasket lubricants suitable for uPVC is recommended where lubrication is required for installation or maintenance service (especially with Flange joints). Choice of lubricant is at the discretion of the installer.
FLOW VELOCITIES:System should not be operated or flushed out at flow velocities greater then 5 feet per second.
STANDARDS & SPECIFICATIONS
PRESSURE PIPES AND FITTINGSPRESSURE RATING @23°C uPVC SCHEDULE 40
M051400301
M051400302
M051400303
M051400304
M051400305
M051400306
M051400307
M051400308
M051400309
M051400310
M051400311
M051400312
M051400313
PartNo.
NominalSize
AverageOutsideDiameter
MinimumWall
Thickness
½
¾
1
1¼
1½
2
2½
3
4
6
8
10
12
(in.) (in.) (in.)(mm) (mm) (mm)
15
20
25
32
40
50
65
80
100
150
200
250
300
0.840
1.050
1.315
1.660
1.900
2.375
2.875
3.500
4.500
6.625
8.625
10.750
12.750
21.34
26.67
33.40
42.16
48.26
60.32
73.02
88.90
114.30
168.28
219.08
273.05
323.85
0.109
0.113
0.133
0.140
0.145
0.154
0.203
0.216
0.237
0.280
0.322
0.365
0.406
2.77
2.87
3.38
3.56
3.68
3.91
5.16
5.49
6.02
7.11
8.18
9.27
10.31
MaximumWork Pressure
at 73°F PSI
600
480
450
370
330
280
330
260
220
180
160
140
130
MaximumWork Pressure
at 23°C (kg/cm2)
42.19
33.75
31.64
26.01
23.20
19.69
21.09
18.28
15.47
12.66
11.25
9.84
9.14
PRESSURE RATING @23°C uPVC SCHEDULE 80
M051800301
M051800302
M051800303
M051800304
M051800305
M051800306
M051800307
M051800308
M051800309
M051800310
M051800311
M051800312
M051800313
PartNo.
NominalSize
AverageOutsideDiameter
MinimumWall
Thickness
½
¾
1
1¼
1½
2
2½
3
4
6
8
10
12
(in.) (in.) (in.)(mm) (mm) (mm)
15
20
25
32
40
50
65
80
100
150
200
250
300
0.840
1.050
1.315
1.660
1.900
2.375
2.875
3.500
4.500
6.625
8.625
10.750
12.750
21.34
26.67
33.40
42.16
48.26
60.32
73.02
88.90
114.30
168.28
219.08
273.05
323.85
0.147
0.154
0.179
0.191
0.200
0.218
0.276
0.300
0.337
0.432
0.500
0.593
0.687
3.73
3.91
4.55
4.85
5.08
5.54
7.01
7.62
8.56
10.97
12.70
15.06
17.45
MaximumWork Pressure
at 73°F PSI
850
690
630
520
470
400
420
370
320
280
250
230
230
MaximumWork Pressure
at 23°C (kg/cm2)
59.76
48.51
44.29
36.56
33.04
28.12
29.53
26.01
22.50
19.69
17.57
16.17
16.17
TEMPERATURE PRESSURE DE-RATING FACTOR
The operating pressure of uPVC pipe will be reduced as the operating temperature increases above 23°C (73° F). To calculate this reduction, multiply the operating pressure with the correction factors shown below at a operating temperature of system :
Operating Temp. °C(F)
uPVC
23°(73)
100%
60°(140)
22%
27°(80)
90%
32°(90)
75%
38°(100)
62%
43°(110)
50%
49°(120)
40%
54°(130)
30%
NOTE :(1) Valves, Unions and Specialty Products have diff erent elevated temperature ratings than pipes.(2) Threaded valves should not be used at temperature above 110°F (43° C) for PVC(3) Flanged joints have a base pressure rating of 150 PSI at 23° C
Mpa = Mega Pascal 1 MPa = 10 kg / cm² 1 kg / cm² = 14.223343 PSI.
Mpa = Mega Pascal 1 MPa = 10 kg / cm² 1 kg / cm² = 14.223343 PSI.
www.astralpipes.com 11 www.astralpipes.com 12
PVC SCHEDULE 40 AND SCHEDULE 80 FITTINGS
The following information is provided as a guide only. Actual allowable working pressure may vary widely according to eld
conditions. Additionally, pressure de-rating at elevated temperatures must be taken into account. Certain tting con
gurations may have other assigned pressure limitations (i.e., Wyes, Unions, Flanges, Valves etc). Contact Astral Technical
Services for additional information.
PRESSURE RATING @23°C uPVC SCHEDULE 40
NOTES : (1) Water pressure Ratings At 73°F (23°C) for Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 Plastic Pipe, ASTM D 1785 for PVC.
(2) Threading of Schedule 40 plastic pipe is not permitted. Recommended pressures apply to molded ttings only.
Not For Use With
Compressed Air or Gas
Above data is based upon information provided by the raw material manufacturers. It should be used only as a recommendation and not as a guarantee of performance.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PVC MATERIALSPROPERTYSpeci c GravityTensile Strength (73°F)Modulus of Elasticty in Tension (73°F)Flexural Strength (73°F)Izod Impact (notched at 73°F)Hardness (Durometer D)Hardness (Rockwell R)Compressive Strength (73°F)Hydrostatic Design StressCoe�cient of Linear ExpansionHeat De ection Temperature at 66 psiCoe�cient of Thermal ConductivitySpeci c HeatLimiting Oxygen IndexWater Absorption (24 hrs at 73°F)Cell Classi cation-PipeCell Classi cation-Fittings
UNITSg/ccPSIPSIPSI
ft lb/in.--------PSIPSI
in./in./°Fdegrees °F
BTU/hr/sq. ft/°F/in.BTU/F/lb
%% weight gain
--------
PVC1.41 - 1.46
7,2004,60,00013,200
0.6580 ± 3
110 - 1209,0002,000
3.1 x 10-51651.2
0.2543
0.0512454-B12454-B
ASTM NO.D 792D 638D 638D 790D 256
D 2240D 785D 695D 1598D 696D 648C 177
D 2766D 2863D 570D 1784D 1784
NominalSize (in.)
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½34681012
Pipe1
42.1933.7531.6426.0123.2019.6921.0918.2815.4712.6611.259.849.14
SolventCemented Joint
25.3120.2418.9815.6013.9211.8112.6510.969.287.596.745.905.48
StandardThreaded Joint3
21.0916.8715.8113.0011.609.84
10.549.137.736.325.624.924.56
Pipe1
59.7648.5144.2936.5633.0428.1229.5326.0122.5019.6917.5716.1716.17
SolventCemented Joint
35.8529.1026.5721.9319.8216.8717.7115.6013.4911.8110.549.709.70
StandardThreaded Joint3
29.8824.2522.1418.2716.5214.0614.7613.0011.249.848.788.088.08
Schedule 40 (kg/cm2) Schedule 80 (kg/cm2)
SCHEDULE 40 AS PER ASTM D-2466, SCHEDULE 80 AS PER ASTM D-2467
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½34681012
1520253240506580100150200250300
0.8481.0581.3251.6701.9122.3872.8893.5164.5186.6478.65510.78012.780
0.8361.0461.3101.6551.8942.3692.8683.4924.4916.6148.610
10.73512.735
±0.004±0.004±0.005±0.005±0.006±0.006±0.007±0.008±0.009±0.011±0.015±0.015±0.015
0.6880.7190.8750.9381.0941.1561.7501.8752.0003.0004.0005.0006.000
0.8751.0001.1251.2501.3751.5001.7501.8752.2503.0004.0005.0006.000
Nominal Size(in.) (mm)
EntranceA
BOTTOMB
Tolerance SCH 40 SCH 80
Diameter (in.) Socket Length Minimum C (in.)
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREADS (NPT)ANSI STANDARD B1.20.1 ASTM STANDARD F 1498
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½34
1520253240506580100
1414
11½11½11½11½
888
0.53370.54570.68280.70680.72350.75651.13751.20001.3000
0.071430.071430.086960.086960.086960.086960.125000.125000.12500
Nominal Size(in.) (mm)
ThreadsPer in.
EffectiveThread
Length L
Pitch ofThread P
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½34
1520253240506580100
141411111111111111
13.15214.51416.71419.05019.05023.37826.69829.87335.791
1.81431.81432.30912.30912.30912.30912.30912.30912.3091
Nominal Size(in.) (mm)
ThreadsPer in.
EffectiveThread
Length L
Pitch ofThread P
BSP ISO 7/1 PARELLEL THREADS
BASIC SOCKET DIMENSIONS
www.astralpipes.com 14 www.astralpipes.com 13
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½3468
1520253240506580100150200
M052400101M052400102M052400103M052400104M052400105M052400106M052400107M052400108M052400109M052400110
–
50 / 55025 / 30025 / 17510 / 10010 / 705 / 401 / 271 / 181 / 101 / 2
–
M052800101M052800102M052800103M052800104M052800105M052800106M052800107M052800108M052800109M052800110M052800111
50 / 20025 / 12510 / 7010 / 405 / 305 / 151 / 121 / 71 / 41 / 21 / 1
Size(in.)
Size(mm) Part No. Std Pkg
Bag/Case Part No. Std PkgBag/Case
uPVC PRESSURE FITTINGSSCHEDULE 40 AS PER ASTM D-2466 AND SCHEDULE 80 AS PER ASTM D-2467
TEE - SOC
SCHEDULE 40 SCHEDULE 80
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½3468
1520253240506580100150200
M052400501M052400502M052400503M052400504M052400505M052400506M052400507M052400508M052400509M052400510
–
100 / 10050 / 50025 / 25010 / 15010 / 1105 / 651 / 351 / 251 / 141 / 3
–
M052800501M052800502M052800503M052800504M052800505M052800506M052800507M052800508M052800509M052800510M052800511
50 / 30050 / 20025 / 12510 / 6010 / 505 / 255 / 151 / 101 / 51 / 21 / 1
90º ELBOW - SOC
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½34
1520253240506580100
M052402301M052402302M052402303M052402304M052402305M052402306
* 417-025* 417-030* 417-040
100 / 50050 / 30025 / 32510 / 10015 / 7510 / 405 / --5 / --5 / --
M052802301M052802302M052802303M052802304M052802305M052802306M052802307M052802308M052802309
100 / 40050 / 20025 / 15010 /8010 / 605 / 305 / 201 / 121 / 6
45º ELBOW - SOC
½¾1
1¼1½2
152025324050
M052400801M052400802M052400803M052400804M052400805M052400806
100 / 30050 / 20025 / 10010 / 5010 / 405 / 25
90º ELBOW - SOC X FIPT
BRASS 90° ELBOW - SOC X FIPT
½ x ½¾ x ½¾ x ¾1 x ½1 x ¾1 x 1
1¼ x ½
15 x 1520 x 1520 x 2025 x 1525 x 2025 x 2532 x 15
M052800301M052800314M052800302M052800315M052800316M052800303M052800317
25 / 10025 / 5025 / 5025 / 2525 / 2510 / 3010 / 20
Size(in.)
Size(mm) Part No. Std Pkg
Bag/Case Part No. Std PkgBag/Case
uPVC PRESSURE FITTINGSSCHEDULE 40 AS PER ASTM D-2466 AND SCHEDULE 80 AS PER ASTM D-2467
BRASS TEE- SOC X FIPT
SCHEDULE 40 SCHEDULE 80
½¾1
1¼1½2
152025324050
M052400401M052400402M052400403M052400404M052400405M052400406
50 / 35025 / 15025 / 7510 / 5010 / 405 / 20
* Trading Item # Shortly Introducing
TEE - SOC X FIPT
¾ x ½1 x ½1 x ¾
1¼ x ½1¼ x ¾1¼ x 11½ x ½1½ x ¾1½ x 1
1½ x 1¼2 x ½2 x ¾2 x 1
2 x 1¼2 x 1½2½ x 1
2½ x 1¼2½ x 1½2½ x 23 x 1
3 x 1¼3 x 1½3 x 2
3 x 2½4 x 1
4 x 1¼4 x 1½4 x 2
4 x 2½4 x 36 x 4
20 x 1525 x 1525 x 2032 x 1532 x 2032 x 2540 x 1540 x 2040 x 2540 x 3250 x 1550 x 2050 x 2550 x 3250 x 4065 x 2565 x 3265 x 4065 x 5080 x 2580 x 3280 x 4080 x 5080 x 65100 x 25100 x 32100 x 40100 x 50100 x 65100 x 80150 x 100
M052400214M052400215M052400216M052400217M052400218M052400219M052400220M052400221M052400222M052400223M052400224M052400225M052400226M052400227M052400228
––––––––––––
* 401-420–
* 401-422* 401-532
25 / 35025 / 20025 / 17510 / 12010 / 10010 / 10010 / 5010 / 4010 / 8010 / 705 / 605 / 605 / 605 / 505 / 50
––––––––––––
5 / --–
5 / --1 /--
M052800214M052800215M052800216M052800217M052800218M052800219M052800220M052800221M052800222M052800223M052800224M052800225M052800226M052800227M052800228M052800231M052800232M052800233M052800234M052800237
#M052800238M052800239M052800240M052800241M052800244M052800245M052800246M052800247M052800248M052800249
25 / 15025 / 10025 / 10010 / 6010 / 6010 / 5010 / 4010 / 4010 / 4010 / 305 / 305 / 255 / 205 / 205 / 20
1515151210–
1099555555
REDUCING TEE - SOC
½ x ½¾ x ½¾ x ¾1 x ½1 x 11 x ¾
15 x 1520 x 1520 x 2025 x 1525 x 2525 x 20
M052800701M052800714M052800702M052800715M052800703M052800716
25 / 10025 / 10025 / 7525 / 5010 / 50
–#
www.astralpipes.com 15 www.astralpipes.com 16
#
#
¾ x ½1 x ½1 x ¾
20 x 1525 x 1525 x 20
–––
–––
M052800614M052800615M052800616
50 / 20025 / 15025 / 150
Size(in.)
Size(mm) Part No. Std Pkg
Bag/Case Part No. Std PkgBag/Case
uPVC PRESSURE FITTINGSSCHEDULE 40 AS PER ASTM D-2466 AND SCHEDULE 80 AS PER ASTM D-2467
REDUCER ELBOW
SCHEDULE 40 SCHEDULE 80
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½3
1520253240506580
M052402401M052402402
* 420-010* 420-012* 420-015* 420-020
50 / 20025 / 10010 / --10 / --10 / --10 / --
M052802407M052802408
1 / 91 / 6
CROSS - SOC
1 x ½ 25 x 15 M052802015 50 / 250
Size(in.)
Size(mm) Part No. Std Pkg
Bag/Case Part No. Std PkgBag/Case
BRASS REDUCER BUSH
SCHEDULE 40
uPVC PRESSURE FITTINGSSCHEDULE 40 AS PER ASTM D-2466 AND SCHEDULE 80 AS PER ASTM D-2467
SCHEDULE 80
½¾1
1¼1½2
¾ x ½1 x ½1 x ¾
152025324050
20 x 1525 x 1525 x 20
M052801401M052801402M052801403M052801404M052801405M052801406M052801414M052801415M052801416
50 / 25025 / 10025/ 10010 / 5010 / 405 / 20
25 / 15025 / 10025 / 100
BRASS MALE ADAPTER - SOC X MBSP
½¾1
1¼1½2
¾ x ½1 x ½1 x ¾
152025324050
20 x 1525 x 1525 x 20
M052801701M052801702M052801703M052801704M052801705M052801706M052801714M052801215M052801216
25 / 10025 / 10025 / 5010 / 4010 / 305 / 15
25 / 10025 / 10025 / 75
BRASS FEMALE ADAPTER - SOC X FBSP
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½346
¾ x ½
1520253240506580100150
20 x 15
M052401301M052401302M052401303M052401304M052401305M052401306
* 336-025* 336-030* 336-040* 336-060
–
100 / 170050 / 50050 / 50020 / 48016 / 32012 / 19210 / --10 / --6 / --3 / --
–
M052801301M052801302M052801303M052801304M052801305M052801306M052801307M052801308M052801309
M052801314
100 / 60050 / 40050 / 25010 / 15010 / 10010 / 605 / 305 / 201 / 15
50 / 400
MALE ADAPTER - SOC X MBSP
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½34
¾ x ½
1520253240506580100
20 x 15
M052401601M052401602M052401603M052401604M052401605M052401606
M052401614
100 / 130050 / 40025 / 40010 / 13010 / 10010 / 70
50 / 700
M052801601M052801602M052801603M052801604M052801605M052801606M052801607M052801608M052801609
100 / 60050 / 40025 / 20010 / 10010 / 8010 / 505 / 305 / 201 / 12
FEMALE ADAPTER - SOC x FBSP
¾ x ½1 x ½1 x ¾1¼ x 11½ x 1
1½ x 1¼2 x 1
2 x 1¼2 x 1½
2½ x 1¼2½ x 1½2½ x 23 x 1½3 x 2
3 x 2½4 x 1½4 x 2
4 x 2½4 x 3
20 x 1525 x 1525 x 2032 x 2540 x 2540 x 3250 x 2550 x 3250 x 4065 x 3265 x 4065 x 5080 x 4080 x 5080 x 65
100 x 40100 x 50100 x 65100 x 80
M052401114M052401115M052401116M052401119M052401122M052401123M052401126M052401127M052401128
* 429-291* 429-292
* 429-338* 429-339
* 429-420* 429-421* 429-422
100 / 40050 / 55050 / 20025/ 17525 / 15010 / 15030 / 12010 / 4010 / 50
––
5 / --–
5 / --–
5 /--
M052801122
M052801126M052801127M052801128M052801132M052801133M052801134M052801139M052801140M052801141M052801146M052801147M052801148M052801149
–
15 / 75–
10 / 508 / 485 / 405 / 401 / 275 / 255 / 251 / 161 / 161 / 151 / 15
REDUCER COUPLING SOC
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½34681012
1520253240506580100150200250300
M052401001M052401002M052401003M052401004M052401005M052401006M052401007M052401008M052401009M052401010
–––
100/ 140050 / 30025/ 35010 / 20010 / 15010/ 1005 / 505 / 351 / 241 / 2
–––
M052801001M052801002M052801003M052801004M052801005M052801006M052801007M052801008M052801009M052801010M052801011M052801012M052801013
100 / 40050 / 30025 / 15010 / 8010 / 7010 / 505 / 205 / 151 / 121 / 21 / 11 / 11 / 1
COUPLING SOC
* Trading Item # Shortly Introducing
www.astralpipes.com 18 www.astralpipes.com 17
¾ x ½1 x ½1 x ¾
1¼ x ½1¼ x ¾1¼ x 11½ x ½1½ x ¾1½ x 1
1½ x 1¼2 x ½2 x ¾2 x 1
2 x 1¼2 x 1½
2½ x 1¼2½ x 1½2½ x 23 x 1½3 x 2
3 x 2½4 x 2
4 x 2½4 x 36 x 36 x 48 x 6
20 x 1525 x 1525 x 2032 x 1532 x 2032 x 2540 x 1540 x 2040 x 2540 x 3250 x 1550 x 2050 x 2550 x 3250 x 4065 x 3265 x 4065 x 5080 x 4080 x 5080 x 65100 x 50100 x 65100 x 80150 x 80150 x 100200 x 150
M052401914M052401915M052401916M052401917M052401918M052401919M052401920M052401921M052401922M052401923M052401924M052401925M052401926M052401927M052401928M052401932M052401933M052401934M052401939M052401940M052401941M052401947M052401948M052401949
* 437-530* 437-532* 437-585
100 / 90050 / 45050 / 45025 / 30025 / 30025 / 50025 / 35025 / 20025 / 35025 / 40010 / 12010 / 12010 / 10010 / 12010 / 1205 / 255 / 505 / 605 / 355 / 355 / 355 / 205 / 105 / 203 / --3 / --1 / --
M052801914M052801915M052801916M052801917M052801918M052801919M052801920M052801921M052801922M052801923M052801924M052801925M052801926M052801927M052801928M052801932M052801933M052801934M052801939M052801940M052801941M052801947M052801948M052801949
M052801958M052801968
100 / 30050 / 40050 / 40025 / 25025 / 25025 / 25025 / 15025 / 15025 / 15025 / 15010 / 10010 / 10010 / 10010 / 10010 / 1005 / 505 / 505 / 505 / 355 / 355 / 355 / 205 / 205 / 20
1 / 61 / 3
Size(in.)
Size(mm) Part No. Std Pkg
Bag/Case Part No. Std PkgBag/Case
uPVC PRESSURE FITTINGSSCHEDULE 40 AS PER ASTM D-2466 AND SCHEDULE 80 AS PER ASTM D-2467
REDUCER BUSHING (FLUSH STYLE)
SCHEDULE 40 SCHEDULE 80
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½3
1520253240506580
* 448-005* 448-007* 448-010* 448-012* 448-015* 448-020* 448-025* 448-030
50 / --25 / --25 / --10 / --10 / --10 / --10 / --10 / --
Size(in.)
Size(mm) Part No. Std Pkg
Bag/Case Part No. Std PkgBag/Case
uPVC PRESSURE FITTINGS
uPVC PRESSURE FITTINGS
SCHEDULE 40 AS PER ASTM D-2466 AND SCHEDULE 80 AS PER ASTM D-2467
CAP FIPT
SCHEDULE 40 SCHEDULE 80
½¾1
1¼1½2
152025324050
F052800901F052400902F052400903F052400904F052400905F052400906
1208550301812
Size(in.)
Size(mm) Part No. Std Pkg
Bag/Case
LONG RADIUS BEND 90°
½¾1
1¼1½2
152025324050
A052402801A052402802A052402803F052402804F052402805F052402806
906030252010
STEP OVER BEND
½¾1
1¼1½2
152025324050
T 2622-005T 2622-007T 2622-010T 2622-012T 2622-015T 2622-020
1/481/361/161/101/81/6
BALL VALVE (ASTRAL)
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½346
1520253240506580100150
M052402701M052402702M052402703M052402704M052402705M052402706* 2622-025* 2622-030* 2622-040* 2622-060
1/801/1001/701/401/301/156 / --4 / --1 / --1 / --
BALL VALVE - SOC
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½346
1520253240506580100150
M052802601M052802602M052802603M052802604M052802605M052802606
* 897-025* 897-030* 897-040* 897-060
10 / 20010 / 12010 / 8010 / 5010 / 805 / 305 / --5 / --5 / --3 / --
* Trading Item * Trading Item
UNION SOC WITH EPDM O-RING SEAL
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½346
1520253240506580100150
M052804101M052804102M052804103M052804104M052804105M052804106M052804107M052804108M052804109
* 847-060
M052404101M052404102M052404103M052404104M052404105M052404106M052404107M052404108M052404109
* 447-060
100 / 80050 / 50050 / 30010 / 15010 / 10010 / 705 / 405 / 251/181 / --
100 / 1200100 / 60050 / 35010 / 22010 / 27010 / 905 / 505 / 351 / 221 / --
CAP - SOC
½¾1
1¼1½2
152025324050
M052402501M052402502M052402503M052402504M052402505M052402506
10 / 8010 / 6010 / 4010 / 3010 / 205 / 15
TANK ADAPTER
www.astralpipes.com 20 www.astralpipes.com 19
uPVC PRESSURE FITTINGS uPVC PRESSURE FITTINGS
Size(in.)
Size(mm) Part No. Std Pkg
Bag/Case
2½346
6580100150
* 853-025M052803108M052803109
* 853-060
5 / --1 / 201 / 121 / --
Size(in.)
Size(mm) Part No. Std Pkg
Bag/Case
BLIND FLANGE
2½346
6580100150
* 851-025M052803208M052803209
* 851-060
5 / --1 / 121 / 81 / --
ONE PIECE FLANGE - SOC
2½346
6580100150
* 856-025M052803308M052803309
* 856-060
5 / --1 / 101 / 61 / --
VANSTONE FLANGE - SPIG
2½3468
6580100150200
M052804207M052804208M052804209M052804210M052804211
1 / --1 / --1 / --1 / --1 / --
FLANGE RING
2½3468
6580100150200
M052803607M052803608M052803609M052803610M052803611
1 / --1 / --1 / --1 / --1 / --
FLANGE HUB CL 150
34
80100
M052803708M052803709
1 / --1 / --
FLANGE HUB - SPIGOT
* Trading Item
½¾
1520
M014002901M014002902
300200
END PLUG THREADS
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½3468
1520253240506580100150200
M052803401M052803402M052803403M052803404M052803405M052803406M052803407M052803408M052803409M052803410M052803411
10 / 12010 / 8010 / 605 / 505 / 355 / 251 / 151 / 121 / 81 / 31 / 1
VANSTONE FLANGE - SOC
½¾1
1¼1½2
152025324050
F052806501F052806502F052806503F052806504F052806505F052806506
10 / 8010 / 605 / 406 / 184 / 124 / 8
TANK ADAPTER (PIPE THREAD STYLE)
½¾1
1¼1½2
152025324050
PVC9120MPVC9340MPVC9100MPVC9105MPVC9106MPVC9200M
100 / 800100 / 500100 / 40050 / 30050 / 25050 / 200
METAL STRAP
¾1
1¼1½2
2025324050
M0528010202M0528010203M0528010204M0528010205M0528010206
6075---
TANK ADAPTOR (SOCKET TYPE)
½¾1
1¼1½2
152025324050
M052806501M052806502M052806503M052806504M052806505M052806506
------
TANK ADAPTOR (SPIGOT TYPE)
www.astralpipes.com 22
uPVC cement for SCH 40 and interference fit
Pipe Size(In.) (mm)
CementType
Min.Vis. (cP)
IPS-Weld On
½-215-50 mm
2½-1265-300 mm
MediumBodiedHeavyBodied
500
1600
705
717
uPVC cement for SCH 80 and interference fit
Pipe Size(In.) (mm)
CementType
Min.Vis. (cP)
IPS-Weld On
15-32 mm
40-300 mm
MediumBodiedHeavyBodied
500
1600
705
717
CUT PIPE• Cut pipe square. As joints are sealed at the base of the fitting socket. An angled cut may result
in joint failure.
• Acceptable tools include miter saw, mechanical cut o� saw or wheel cutter. Wheel type cutters must employ a blade designed for plastics.
REMOVE BURR & BEVEL• Remove all burr from inside and outside of pipe with a knife-edge, file or deburring tool
Chamfer (bevel) the end of the pipe 10O -15O.
CLEAN• Remove surface dirt, grease or moisture with a clean dry cloth.
DRY FIT• With light pressure, pipe should go one third to one half of the way into the fitting socket Pipes
and Fittings that are too tight or too loose should not be used.
APPLICATOR• Use an applicator that is one half the pipe diameter.
• Too large an applicator will force excessive cement in to the inside of small diameter fittings. Too small an applicator will not apply su�cient cement to large diameter systems.
CEMENT• Apply a full even layer of cement to the outside of a pipe and medium layer of cement to the
inside of a fitting.
JOIN PIPE & FITTING• Assemble pipe and fitting socket till it contacts socket bottom. Give pipe a quarter turn. Hold
pipe and fitting together until th pipe dose not back out.
• Remove excessive cement from the exterior. A properly made joint will show a continue bead of cement around the perimeter.
• Observe all safety precautions.
• Systems should be installed in a good and workmanlike manner consistent with normal industry standards and in conformance with all local plumbing, fire and building code requirements. Failure to follow proper installation practices, procedures or techniques can result in system failure, property damage or personal injury.
• Pipes and fittings should be used for their intended purpose as defined by local plumbing and building codes and the applicable ASTM standards.
• Follow manufacturers instructions for all related products.
www.astralpipes.com 21
INSTALLATION PROCEDURE
uPVC SOLVENT CEMENT & PRIMER
Schedule 40 Schedule 80
Std. PkgBag/Case
3MTR503020151085321111
Std. PkgBag/Case
3MTR503020151085321111
PartNo.
M051400301M051400302M051400303M051400304M051400305M051400306M051400307M051400308M051400309M051400310M051400311M051400312M051400313
PartNo.
M051800301M051800302M051800303M051800304M051800305M051800306M051800307M051800308M051800309M051800310M051800311M051800312M051800313
Size(mm)
1520253240506580100150200250300
Size(In.)
½¾1
1¼1½2
2½34681012
uPVC PRESSURE PIPES SCHEDULE40 & SCHEDULE 80 AS PER ASTM D-1785
AS PER ASTM D-2564MEDIUMBODIEDPVC 705
22 ml44 ml50 ml118 ml237 ml473 ml946 ml
Part No.
M053010101M053010102M053010103M053010104M053010105M053010106M053010107
Std. Pkg.Case
48244824241212
AS PER ASTM D-2564MEDIUMBODIEDPVC 705473 ml946 ml
Part No.
M053030404M053030505
Std. Pkg.Case
1212
AS PER ASTM D-2564MEDIUMBODIEDPVC 705473 ml946 ml
Part No.
M033050101M033050201
Std. Pkg.Case
1212
UPVCPRESSURE PIPES
www.astralpipes.com 23 www.astralpipes.com 24
Recommended initial set times.Temperature
15.5ºC - 37.7ºC4.4ºC - 15.5ºC
Pipe Size½” to 1¼”
15 to 32 mm15 min.
1 hr.
Pipe Size½” to 3”
40 to 80 mm30 min.
2 hrs.
Pipe Size4” to 8”
100 to 200 mm1 hr.
4 hrs.
Pipe Size10” to 12”
250 to 300 mm2 hr.
8 hrs.
Range
Recommended initial set times.Temperature
15.5ºC - 37.7ºC4.4ºC - 15.5ºC
Pipe Size½” to 1¼”
15 to 32 mm6 hrs.
12 hrs.
Pipe Size½” to 3”
40 to 80 mm12 hrs.24 hrs.
Pipe Size4” to 8”
100 to 200 mm24 hrs.48 hrs.
Pipe Size10” to 12”
250 to 300 mm48 hrs.96 hrs.
Range
JOINT CURING
SUPPORT SPACING FOR uPVC PIPEAdequate supports for any piping system is a matter of great importance. In practice, support spacings are a function of pipe size operating temperatures, the location of heavy valves or fittings and the mechanical properties of the pipe material. To ensure the satisfactory operation of a ASTRAL Aquarius uPVC piping system, the location and type of hangers should be carefully considered. Hangers should not compress, distort, cut or abrade the piping.All piping should be supported with an approved hanger at intervals su�ciently close to maintain correct pipe alignment and to prevent sagging or reversal. Pipe should also be supported at all branch ends and at all changes of direction. Support trap arms as close as possible to the trap. In keeping with good plumbing practices support and brace all closet bends and fasten closet anges.1. Concentrated loads should be supported directly so as to
eliminate high stress concentrations. Should this be impractical then the pipe must be supported immediately adjacent to the load.
2. In systems where large uctuations in temperature occur, allowances must be made for expansion and contraction of the piping system. Since changes in direction in the system are usually su�cient to allow for expansion and contraction hangers must be placed so as not to restrict this movement.
3. Since plastic pipe expands or contracts approximately ve times greater than those of steel, hangers should not restrict this movement.
4. Hangers should provide as much bearing surface as possible. To prevent damage to the pipe, le smooth any sharp edges or burrs on the hangers or supports.
5. Support spacing for horizontal piping systems is determined by the maximum operating temperature the system will encounter. The piping should be supported on uniform centers with supports that do not restrict the axial movement.
6. For vertical lines, it is recommended that an engineer should design the vertical supports according to the vertical load involved.
Schedule - 80 Recommended Support spacing (in feet)
(in.)½¾1
1¼1½2
2½34681012
(mm)1520253240506580100150200250300
15.55
5½66
6½7
7½891011
12½13
26.64½5
5½66
6½7½7½8½9½101112
37.74½4½5
5½5½6
6½7
7½8½9½10½10½
48.833
3½3½3½4
4½4½5
6½7½7½7½
602½2½33
3½3½44
4½5½6
6½6½
Nom.Pipe Size
Temperature ˚C
(in.)½¾1
1¼1½2
2½34681012
(mm)1520253240506580100150200250300
15.54½5
5½5½66
6½7
7½8½9½10½12
26.64½4½5
5½5½5½67789
9½10½
37.744
4½555
5½6
6½7½8½9
9½
48.82½2½33
3½3½44
4½5
5½6½7
602½2½2½3333
3½4
4½5
5½6
Schedule - 40 Recommended Support spacing (in feet)Nom.
Pipe SizeTemperature ˚C
Carr
ying
Cap
acity
and
Fric
tion
Loss
for S
ched
ule
40 T
herm
opla
stic
Pip
e(In
depe
nden
t Var
iabl
es :
Gallo
ns p
er m
inut
e an
d no
min
al p
ipe
size
O.D
.De
pend
ent V
aria
bles
: Ve
loci
ty, f
rictio
n he
ad a
nd p
ress
ure
drop
per
100
feet
of p
ipe,
inte
rior s
moo
th.)
CAUT
ION:
Flo
w v
eloc
ity sh
ould
not
exc
eed
5 fe
et p
er se
cond
. PVC
pip
e ca
nnot
beu
sed
for c
ompr
esse
d ai
r ser
vice
.
1 3 5 7 9 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90 100
125
150
175
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
2000
1.105
3.31
55.
525
7.735
0.44
10.
662
0.88
31.1
031.
324
1.545
1.766
1.986
2.20
72.
648
3.09
03.
531
3.973
4.41
45.
517
6.62
17.7
248.
828
1.107
8.48
521
.801
40.6
54
0.03
10.
066
0.113
0.170
0.23
80.
317
0.40
60.
505
0.61
40.
861
1.145
1.486
1.824
2.21
73.
351
4.69
96.
250
8.00
3
0.47
83.
659
9.423
17.5
73
0.01
30.
029
0.04
90.
074
0.103
0.137
0.176
0.21
80.
265
0.37
20.
495
0.63
40.
755
0.958
1.449
2.03
12.
701
3.45
9
28.6
4085
.920
143.
200
200.
480
7.870
11.8
0515
.740
19.67
523
.610
27.5
4531
.480
35.41
539
.350
47.2
2055
.090
62.96
070
.830
78.70
098
.375
118.
050
137.7
2515
7.400
0.62
31.6
863.1
134.
358
5.60
36.
226
0.51
10.
639
0.76
70.
894
1.022
1.150
1.27
81.5
331.7
892.
044
2.30
02.
555
3.194
3.83
34.
472
5.111
6.38
97.6
668.9
94
0.27
42.
096
5.33
910
.068
16.0
3619
.491
0.03
00.
045
0.06
30.
084
0.107
0.134
0.162
0.22
80.
303
0.38
80.
483
0.58
70.
887
1.24
31.6
542.1
173.
201
4.48
75.9
69
0.118
0.906
2.33
44.
352
6.931
8.42
5
0.01
30.
019
0.02
70.
036
0.04
60.
058
0.07
00.
098
0.131
0.168
0.20
90.
254
0.38
30.
537
0.71
50.9
151.
384
1.939
2.58
0
14.71
044
.130
73.5
5010
2.970
132.
390
147.1
00
8.42
010
.525
12.6
3014
.735
16.8
4018
.945
21.0
5025
.260
29.47
033
.680
37.8
9042
.100
52.6
2563
.150
73.67
584
.200
105.
250
126.
300
147.3
50
1.148
1.941
2.67
93.
445
3.80
85.
742
7.656
0.56
10.
674
0.78
60.
898
1.011
1.123
1.404
1.684
1.965
2.24
62.
807
3.36
93.9
304.
492
5.05
35.
615
8.42
2
0.64
21.8
573.
084
4.912
5.970
12.6
5021
.551
0.02
20.
031
0.04
10.
052
0.06
50.
079
0.120
0.168
0.22
40.
286
0.43
30.
607
0.80
81.0
341.
286
1.563
3.31
3
0.27
80.
715
1.33
32.1
232.
580
5.46
89.3
15
0.01
00.
013
0.01
80.
023
0.02
80.
034
0.05
20.
073
0.09
71.1
240.1
870.
268
0.34
90.
447
0.55
60.
676
1.432
26.3
3443
.980
61.4
4679
.002
87.78
013
1.670
175.
560
8.25
09.9
0011
.550
13.2
0014
.850
16.5
0020
.626
24.75
028
.875
33.0
0041
.250
49.5
0057
.750
66.0
0074
.250
82.5
0012
3.75
0
0.65
91.0
981.5
371.9
762.1
953.
293
4.39
15.
489
6.58
67.6
848.
780
0.80
90.9
711.1
331.
295
1.619
1.942
2.26
62.
590
2.913
3.23
74.
856
6.47
48.
093
9.711
0.116
0.42
80.
798
1.27
01.5
443.
272
5.57
48.
426
11.8
1015
.712
20.2
12
0.03
10.
044
0.05
90.
075
0.113
0.159
0.21
10.
271
0.33
70.
409
0.68
61.4
782.
234
3.132
0.07
20.1
820.
345
0.54
90.
667
1.414
2.40
93.
642
5.105
6.79
28.
697
0.01
40.
019
0.02
50.
032
0.04
90.
069
0.09
10.1
170.1
460.1
770.
375
0.63
90.9
661.
354
13.79
122
.985
32.17
941
.373
4597
058
.955
91.94
011
4.925
137.9
1016
0.89
518
3.88
0
11.12
513
.350
15.5
7517
.800
22.2
5026
.700
31.15
035
.600
40.0
5044
.500
66.75
089
.000
111.
250
133.
500
0.48
30.
806
1.128
1.450
1.612
2.40
73.
223
4.02
94.
835
5.64
16.
446
7.252
8.05
89.6
70
0.82
11.0
261.
231
1.436
1.642
1.847
2.05
23.
078
4.104
5.130
6.156
7.182
8.20
8
0.07
80.
202
0.37
60.
599
0.72
84.
542
2062
73.9
725.
567
7.407
9.488
511
.797
14.3
3920
.098
0.02
50.
037
0.05
20.
070
0.08
90.1
110.1
350.
286
0.48
80.
737
1.033
1.37
51.7
61
0.03
40.
087
0.163
0.25
90.
315
0.66
71.1
361.7
172.
406
3.20
24.1
005.
099
6.198
8.68
7
0.01
10.
016
0.02
30.
030
0.03
90.
048
0.05
80.1
240.
211
0.31
90.
447
0.59
40.
761
9.603
16.0
0522
.407
28.8
0932
.010
48.0
1564
.020
80.0
2596
.030
112.
035
128.
040
144.
045
160.
050
192.
060
10.8
0013
.500
16.2
0018
.900
21.6
0024
.300
27.0
0040
.500
54.0
0067
.500
81.0
0094
.500
108.
000
0.68
10.
876
0.973
1.459
1.946
2.43
22.9
193.
405
3.89
24.
378
4.86
45.
837
6.81
07.7
838.
756
9.729
1.011
1.156
1.30
01.4
452.1
672.
889
3.61
24.
334
5.05
65.
778
0.110
0.172
0.21
30.
452
0.77
01.1
631.6
312.1
702.
778
3.45
54.
200
5.88
77.8
3210
.030
12.47
415
.162
0.03
00.
038
0.04
70.
058
1.122
0.20
80.
314
0.44
00.
585
0.75
0
0.04
80.
067
0.09
20.1
950.
333
0.50
30.
705
0.938
1.20
11.4
941.8
152.
545
3.38
54.
335
5.39
26.
554
0.01
30.
016
0.02
00.
025
0.05
30.
090
0.136
0.190
0.25
30.
324
12.4
6716
.029
17.8
1026
.715
35.6
2044
.525
53.4
3062
.335
71.2
4080
.145
89.0
5010
6.86
012
4.67
014
2.48
016
0.29
017
8.100
12.6
0014
.400
16.2
0018
.000
27.0
0036
.000
45.0
0054
.000
63.0
0072
.000
0.47
80.
615
0.68
31.0
241.
367
1.708
2.05
02.
391
2.73
33.
075
3.41
64.1
004.
783
5.46
66.1
496.
833
8.54
1
0.01
40.
074
0.09
00.1
910.
326
0.49
20.
690
0.918
1.176
1.463
1.778
2.49
23.
315
4.24
55.
280
6.41
89.7
02
0.02
00.
032
0.03
90.
083
0.141
0.21
30.
298
0.39
70.
508
0.63
20.
768
1.077
1.433
1.835
2.28
22.
774
4.192
9.142
11.75
413
.060
19.5
9026
.120
32.6
5039
.180
45.71
052
.240
58.77
065
.300
78.3
6091
.420
104.
480
117.5
4013
0.60
016
3.25
0
Gallons per Minut
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
½ IN
CH¾
INCH
1 IN
CH1¼
INCH
1½ IN
CH
2 IN
CH2½
INCH
3 IN
CH
4 IN
CH
6 IN
CH
8 IN
CH
10 IN
CH
12 IN
CH
www.astralpipes.com 25 www.astralpipes.com 26
• Prior to testing, safety precautions should be instituted to protect personnel and property in case of test failure.
• Conduct pressure testing with water. DO NOT USE AIR OR OTHER GASES for pressure testing.
• The piping system should be adequately anchored to limit movement. Water under pressure exerts thrust forces in piping systems. Thrust blocking should be provided at changes of direction, change in size and at dead ends.
• Please refer tables given for initial set & cure times before pressure testing.
• The piping systems should be slowly filled with water, taking care to prevent surge and air entrapment. The flow velocity should not exceed feet per second.
• All trapped air must be slowly released. Vents must be provided at all high points of the piping system. All valves and air relief mechanisms should be opened so that the air can be vented while the system is extremely dangerous and it must be slowly and completely vented prior to testing. For sizes 4” & above, ASTRAL recommends to use automatic air relief valves at every 300-400mt. distance & at furthest & highest points of pipeline to avoid any damage to the piping system.
The piping system can be pressurized to 125% of its designed working pressure. However care must be taken to ensure the pressure does not exceed the working pressure of the lowest rated component in the system (valves, unions, flanges, threaded parts etc.)
• The pressure test should not exceed one hour Any leaking joints or pipe must be cut out and replaced and the line recharged and retested using the same procedure.
TESTING PRESSURE SYSTEMCa
rryi
ng C
apac
ity a
nd F
rictio
n Lo
ss fo
r Sch
edul
e 80
The
rmop
last
ic P
ipe
(Inde
pend
ent V
aria
bles
: Ga
llons
per
min
ute
and
nom
inal
pip
e si
ze O
.D.
Depe
nden
t Var
iabl
es :
Velo
city
, fric
tion
head
and
pre
ssur
e dr
op p
er 1
00 fe
et o
f pip
e, in
terio
r sm
ooth
.)
CAUT
ION:
Flo
w v
eloc
ity sh
ould
not
exc
eed
5 fe
et p
er se
cond
. PVC
pip
e ca
nnot
beu
sed
for c
ompr
esse
d ai
r ser
vice
.
1 3 5 7 9 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90 100
125
150
175
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
2000
1.465
4.39
57.3
2610
.256
0.49
80.
747
0.996
1.24
51.4
941.7
431.9
922.
241
2.49
02.9
883.
486
3.984
4.48
24.9
806.
225
7.469
8.71
49.9
59
2.198
16.8
1643
.310
80.76
3
0.04
20.
089
0.151
0.22
80.
320
0.42
50.
545
0.67
80.
823
1.154
1.536
1.968
2.44
62.9
734.
494
6.22
98.
381
10.73
2
0.950
7.289
18.72
034
.910
0.01
80.
038
0.06
50.
099
0.138
0.184
1.23
50.
293
0.35
60.
499
0.66
40.
850
1.057
1.28
51.9
432.
723
3.62
24.
639
44.10
013
2.30
022
0.50
030
8.70
0
10.5
0015
.750
21.0
0026
.250
31.5
0036
.750
42.0
0047
.250
52.5
0063
.000
73.5
0084
.000
94.5
000
105.
000
131.
250
157.5
0018
3.75
021
0.00
0
0.77
92.
338
3.89
65.
455
7.013
7.792
0.57
00.
712
0.85
50.9
971.1
401.
282
1.425
1.710
1.995
2.28
02.
565
2.85
03.
562
4.27
44.9
875.
699
7.124
8.54
99.9
74
0.47
33.
619
9.322
17.3
8327
.686
33.6
52
0.03
90.
059
0.08
20.1
090.1
400.1
740.
212
0.29
70.
395
0.50
60.
629
0.76
51.1
561.6
202.1
552.
760
4.173
5.84
97.7
81
0.20
51.5
644.
029
7.514
11.96
714
.546
0.01
70.
025
0.03
60.
047
0.06
10.
075
0.09
20.1
280.1
710.
219
0.27
20.
330
0.50
00.
700
0.932
1.193
1.804
2.52
83.
363
21.5
7064
.710
107.8
0015
0.900
194.1
0021
5.70
0
11.2
2014
.025
16.8
3019
.635
22.4
4025
.245
28.0
5033
.660
39.2
7044
.880
50.4
9056
.100
70.12
584
.150
98.17
511
2.20
014
0.25
016
8.30
019
6.35
0
1.402
2.33
63.
271
4.20
54.
672
7.008
9.344
0.62
70.
752
0.87
71.0
031.1
281.
253
1.567
1.880
2.193
2.56
03.1
333.
760
4.38
65.
013
5.63
96.
266
9.399
1.043
2.68
65.
008
7.977
9.696
20.5
4535
.002
0.02
90.
040
0.05
40.
069
0.08
50.1
040.1
570.
220
0.29
20.
374
0.56
60.
793
1.055
1.35
11.6
802.
042
4.32
7
0.45
11.1
612.1
653.
448
4.191
8.88
015
.129
0.01
20.
017
0.02
30.
030
0.03
70.
045
0.06
80.
095
0.126
0.162
0.24
40.
343
0.45
60.
584
0.72
80.
883
1.870
37.2
9062
.150
87.0
1011
1.870
124.
300
186.
450
248.
600
11.5
0013
.800
16.10
018
.400
20.70
023
.000
28.75
034
.500
40.2
5046
.000
57.5
0069
.000
80.5
0092
.000
103.
500
115.
000
172.
500
0.27
71.
295
1.812
2.33
02.
589
3.88
45.1
786.
473
7.768
9.062
10.3
57
0.89
21.0
711.
249
1.427
1.784
2.141
2.49
82.
855
3.21
23.
589
5.35
37.1
378.9
2110
.706
0.24
80.
639
1.191
1.898
2.30
64.
887
8.32
612
.587
17.6
4323
.472
30.0
57
0.04
00.
056
0.07
40.
095
0.144
0.20
20.
268
0.34
30.
427
0.51
91.1
001.8
742.
833
3.970
0.107
0.27
60.
515
0.82
00.9
972.1
123.
599
5.44
17.6
2610
.146
12.99
2
0.01
70.
024
0.03
20.
041
0.06
20.
087
0.116
0.148
0.185
0.22
40.
475
0.81
01.
224
1.716
19.0
4131
.735
44.4
2957
.123
63.47
95.2
0512
6.940
158.
675
190.
410
222.1
4525
3.88
0
15.3
7518
.450
21.5
2524
.600
30.75
036
.900
43.0
5049
.200
55.3
5061
.500
92.2
5012
3.00
015
3.75
018
4.50
0
0.56
20.9
371.
312
1.687
1.875
2.81
23.
750
4.68
75.
825
6.56
27.4
998.
437
9.374
11.2
49
0.907
1.133
1.36
01.5
871.8
132.
040
2.26
73.
400
4.53
35.
667
6.80
07.9
349.0
67
0.113
0.29
10.
543
0.86
51.0
522.
228
3.79
75.
739
8.04
510
.703
13.70
517
.046
20.71
929
.041
0.03
20.
048
0.06
70.
089
0.114
0.142
0.172
0.36
50.
621
0.939
1.31
61.7
512.
243
0.04
90.1
260.
235
0.37
40.
455
0.963
1.641
2.48
13.
477
4.62
65.9
247.3
688.9
5612
.553
0.01
40.
021
0.02
90.
038
0.04
90.
061
0.07
40.1
580.
269
0.40
60.
569
0.75
70.9
69
13.16
121
.935
30.70
939
.483
43.8
7065
.805
87.74
010
9.675
131.6
1015
3.54
517
5.48
019
7.415
219.3
5026
3.22
0
15.2
0019
.000
22.8
0026
.600
30.4
0034
.200
38.0
0057
.000
76.0
0095
.000
114.
000
133.
000
152.
000
0.78
11.0
051.1
161.6
742.
232
2.79
03.
348
3.906
4.46
55.
023
5.58
16.
697
7.813
8.929
10.0
4511
.161
1.121
1.28
11.4
411.6
012.
402
3.20
24.
003
4.80
35.
604
6.40
4
0.154
0.24
50.
298
0.63
11.0
751.6
252.
278
3.03
03.
881
4.82
75.
866
8.22
310
.940
14.0
0917
.424
21.17
8
0.03
80.
049
0.06
10.
074
0.157
0.26
70.
403
0.58
50.
752
0.963
0.06
60.1
060.1
290.
273
0.46
50.
702
0.985
1.31
01.6
772.
086
2.53
63.
554
4.72
96.
055
7.531
9.154
0.01
60.
021
0.02
60.
032
0.06
80.1
150.1
740.
244
0.32
50.
416
17.0
5921
.933
24.3
7036
.555
48.74
060
.925
73.11
085
.295
97.4
8010
9.665
121.8
5014
6.22
017
0.59
019
4.960
219.3
3024
3.70
0
18.5
5021
.200
23.8
5026
.500
39.75
053
.000
66.2
5079
.500
92.75
010
6.00
0
0.54
60.
702
0.78
01.1
691.5
591.9
492.
339
2.72
83.1
183.
508
3.89
84.
667
5.45
76.
237
7.016
7.796
9.745
0.06
40.1
020.1
240.
264
0.44
90.
679
0.951
1.26
61.6
212.
016
2.45
03.
434
4.56
95.
851
7.277
8.84
513
.372
0.02
80.
044
0.05
40.1
140.1
940.
293
0.41
10.
547
0.70
10.
871
1.059
1.484
1.975
2.52
93.1
463.
823
5.78
0
12.17
315
.651
17.3
9026
.085
34.78
043
.475
52.17
060
.865
69.5
6078
.255
86.95
010
4.34
012
1.730
139.1
2015
6.51
017
3.900
217.3
75
Gallons per Minut
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
Flow Velocity(Feet Per Second)
Friction Head Loss(Ft Water/100Ft)
Friction PressureLoss (PSI/100Ft)
Maximum SurgePressure (PSI)
½ IN
CH¾
INCH
1 IN
CH1¼
INCH
1½ IN
CH
2 IN
CH2½
INCH
3 IN
CH
4 IN
CH
6 IN
CH
8 IN
CH
10 IN
CH
12 IN
CH
www.astralpipes.com 27 www.astralpipes.com 28
uPVC pipes, like other piping materials, undergo length changes as a result of temperature variations above and below the installation temperature. They expand and contract 4.5 to 5 times more than steel or iron pipe. The extent of the expansion - contraction depends upon the coeffi cient of linear expansion of piping material. The length of pipe between directional changes, and the temperature differential.
The coe�cient of thermal expansion (Y )
for uPVC is 3.1 x 10-5 in./in./°F.
The amount of expansion or contraction can be calculated using the following formula :
∆ L = Y (T1-T2) x L1
∆ L = Diamensional change due to thermal expansion
or contraction (in).
Y = Expansion coe�cient (in./in./°F)
(T1-T2) = Temperature differential between the
installation temperature and the maximum
or minimum system temperature, whichever
provides the gratest differential (ºF).
L = Length of pipe run between changes in
direction (ft)
R = 1.44 D ∆ L
R = Expansion loop leg length (ft)
D = Nominal outside diameter of pipe (in).
(See table below.)
∆ L = Diamensional change due to thermal expansion
or contraction (in).
When installing the expansion loop, no rigid or restraining supports should be placed within the leg lengths of the loop. The loop should be installed as closely as possible to the mid-point between anchors. Piping support guides should restrict lateral movement and direct axial movement into the loop. Lastly, the pipe and fi ttings should be solvent cemented together, rather than using threaded connections.
Compensation for expansion and contraction in underground application is normally achieved by snaking the pipe in the trench. Proper trenching and burial procedures must be followed to protect the piping system.
The table below shows recommended off sets and loop lengths for piping up to 2½” nominal size.
EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION OF uPVC PIPECARRYING CAPACITY AND FRICTION LOSS FOR SCHEDULE 80 THERMOPLASTIC PIPE
The length of leg “R” can be determined by using the following formula to ensure that it is long enough to absorb the expansion and contraction movement without damage. The length of leg “A” should be 1/2 the length of leg “R”
Max. Temp. Variation °F,Between Installation
10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° 70° 80° 90° 100°
3.0 3.5 4.5 5.0 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.0 8.0 8.0
7.0 9.0 11.0 13.0 14.0 15.5 17.0 18.0 19.0 20.013.0
20
50100 18.0 22.0 26.0 29.0 31.5 35.0 37.0 40.0 42.0
Loop Lengthin Feet Loop Offset in Inches
FixedPoint Loop
GuideHanger
There are several ways to compensate for expansion and contraction. The most common methods are :
1. Expansion loops which consist of pipe and 90° elbows
2. Piston type expansion joints*
3. Flexible bends*
4. Bellows and rubber expansion joints*
* The manufacturers of these devices should be contacted to determine the suitability of their products for the specific application.
Expansion loops are a simple and convenient way to compensate for expansion and contraction when there is su�cient space for the loop in the piping system. A typical expansion loop design is shown below.
www.astralpipes.com 29 www.astralpipes.com 30
UNDERGROUNDINSTALLATION
uPVC pipes and fittings can be installed underground, Since these piping systems are flexible
systems, proper attention should be given to burial conditions. The sti�ness of the piping system is
a�ected by sidewall support, soil compaction, and the condition of the trench, Trench bottoms
should be smooth and regular in either undisturbed soil or a layer of compacted backfill. Pipe must
lie evenly on this surface throughout the entire length of its barrel, Excavation, bedding and backfill
should be in accordance with the provision of the local Plumbing Code having jurisdiction
TRENCHING
The following trenching and burial procedures should be used to protect the piping system.
1. The trench should be excavated to ensure the sides will be stable under all working conditions.
The trench should be wide enough to provide adequate room for the following :
A. Jointing the pipe in the trench.
B. Snaking the pipe from side or side to compensate for expansion and contraction.
C. Filling and compacting the side fills.
The space between the pipe and trench wall must be wider than the compaction equipment used
in the compaction of the backfill. Minimum width shall not be less than the greater of either the
pipe outside diameter plus 16 inches of the pipe outside diameter times 1.25 plus 12 inches.
Trench width may be di�erent if approved by the design engineer.
2. The trench bottom should be smooth, free of rocks and debris, continuous, and provide uniform
support. If ledge rock, hardpan or large boulders are encountered, the trench bottom should be
padded with bedding of compacted granular material to a thickness of at least 4 inches.
Foundation bedding should be installed as required by the engineer.
3. Trench depth is determined by the pipe’s service requirements. Plastic pipe should always
be installed at least below the frost level. The minimum cover for lines subject to heavy overhead
tra�c is 24 inches.
4. A smooth, trench bottom is necessary to support the pipe over its entire length on firm stable
material. Blocking should be used charge pipe grade or to intermittently support pipe over low
sections in the trench.
BEDDING AND BACKFILLING
1. Even though sub-soil conditions vary widely from place to place, the pipe backfill should be
stable and provide protection for the pipe.
2. The pipe should be surrounded with a granular material which is easily worked around the sides
of the pipe Backfilling should be performed in layer of 6 inch with each layer being su�ciently
compacted to 85% to 95% compaction.
3. A mechanical tamper is recommended for compacting sand and gravel backfill which contain a
significant proportion of fine grained material, such as silt and clay. If a tamper is not available,
compacting should be done by hand.
4. The trench should be completely filled. The back fill should be placed and spread in fairly uniform
layers to prevent any unfilled spaces or voids. Large rocks, stones, frozen clods, or other large
debris should be removed. Heavy tampers or rolling equipment should only be used to
consolidate only the final backfill.
www.astralpipes.com 31 www.astralpipes.com 32
HANDLINGAND STORAGE
HANDLINGThe pipe should be handled with reasonable care. Because thermoplastic pipe is much lighter in
weight than metal pipe. There is sometimes a tendency to throw it around. This should be avoided.
The pipe should never be dragged or pushed from a truck bed. Pallets for pipe should be removed
with a fork lift. Loose pipe can be rolled down timbers, as long as the pieces do not fall on each other
or on any hard or uneven surface. In all cases, severe contact with any sharp objects (rocks, angle
irons, forks on forklifts, etc.) should be avoided.
STORAGEIf possible, pipe should be stored inside. When this is not possible, the pipe should be stored on level
ground which is dry and free from sharp objects. If di�erent schedules of pipes are stacked together,
the pipe with the thickest walls should be at the bottom.
The pipe should be protected from the sun and be in an area with proper ventilation. This will lessen
the e�ects of ultraviolet rays and help prevent heat built-up.
If the pipe is stored in racks, it should be continuously supported along its length. If this is not
possible, the spacing of the supports should not exceed three feet (3’).
When storage temperatures are below 0°C (32°F), extra care should be taken when handling the
pipe. This will help prevent any problems which could be caused by the slightly lower impact strength
of uPVC pipe at temperature below freezing.
WARNING : Do Not Use Compressed
Air Or Gas To Test any PVC
Thermoplastic Piping Product Or
System, And Do Not Use Devices
Propelled By Compressed Air Or Gas
To Clear Systems. These Practices May
Result In Explosive Fragmentation Of
System Piping Components Causing
Serious Or Fatal Bodily Injury.
NOT FOR USE WITH COMPRESSED AIR OR GASESASTRAL POLY TECHNIK LTD. DOES NOT RECOMMEND the use of thermoplastic piping products
for systems to transport or store compressed air or gases, or the testing of thermoplastic piping
systems with compressed air or gases in above as well as below ground locations, The use of ASTRAL
Aquarius product in compressed air or gas systems automatically void any warranty for such
products and its use against our recommendation is entirely the responsibility and liability of the
installer.
www.astralpipes.com 33 www.astralpipes.com 34
FREQUENTLY ASKEDQUESTIONS ABOUTASTRAL AQUARIUS®
Why Lead Free ?Lead is a metal with no known biological benefi t to humans. Too much lead can damage various systems of the body including the nervous and reproductive systems and the kidneys, and it can cause high blood pressure and anemia. Lead accumulates in the bones and lead poisoning may be diagnosed from a blue line around the gums. Lead is especially harmful to the developing brains of fetuses and young children and to pregnant women. Lead interferes with the metabolism of calcium and Vitamins D. High blood lead levels in children can cause consequences which maybe irreversible including learning disabilities, behavioral problems, and mental retardation. At very high levels, lead can cause convulsions, coma and death. Lead can be dissolved in water when lead pipes are used for transportation of water. So use of such pipes may be harmful to human being. Hence lead free plumbing system is most favoured for potable water transportation.
What is the expected life of a ASTRAL Aquarius System?ASTRAL Aquarius uPVC system design & standards incorporate signifi cant engineering safety factors which should translate to a long service life ASTRAL Aquarius System have a design service life span of 50 years. ASTRAL Aquarius System is not susceptible to corrosion, scale build up or electrolysis in areas where water, solid and / or atmospheric conditions are aggressive. ASTRAL firmly believes that the system will provide a service life as long or longer than alternative materials in the market.
Will ASTRAL Aquarius System save me money ?Yes, As a professional, you will quickly realize that uPVC can be installed at least 25% more quickly than metal systems. Financial savings are also realized with regard to lower tool costs and insurance advantage. Even considering the frequent rise and fall of the metal price structure, uPVC offers a continuing materials cost advantage, as much as a full 50 60 % material savings today.
Will ASTRAL Aquarius System off er a fi nancial advantage to owners in terms of utilities expense?Yes, the thermal conductivity of a metal system is 2500 times that of a uPVC system. The improved insulating characteristics associated with uPVC can generate long term saving for energy conscious homeowner or tenant. ASTRAL Aquarius will hold the temperature of water for a much longer period of time than metal tubing.
Must I use plastic insulators wherever uPVC passes through a stud ?Technically, no such provision need be made when passing through wood stud. When passing through metal studs some form of protection must be used to protect the pipe from abrasion and to prevent noise. This protection may come from plastic insulation rubber grommets, pipe insulation or similar.
Should specifi c type of Primers and solvent cements be used on uPVC system?ASTRAL always recommends use of solvent cement which is specifi cally manufactured to meet the requirements of ASTM D 2564. All purpose cements should not be utilized. Primers manufactured for uPVC pipe is acceptable. For more details, refer installation procedure of this manual.
I have been told that uPVC tubing ends may split during installation. Why should this occur? How can these cracks be prevented?Most cracks are initiated by rough handling. This handling can occur during transportation, while being inventoried at the wholesaler, or while at the job sight. Also, Fine cracks can be caused by cutting the pipe with dull or damaged ratchet cutters. The vast majority cracks occur during colder weather months when temperatures are below 10°C, uPVC like most other plastics such as PP, PEX, CPVC, may become somewhat brittle and should be handled more carefully.
To reduce problems resulting from cracked product, several measures can be initiated : (A) Educate your installers. Make them aware of the potential problems and instruct them to handle uPVC in a appropriate way. (B) Use a saw or a circular tubing cutter with a plastic tubing blade to cut your pipe to length. (C) Inspect pipe ends thoroughly prior to making a joint. Should a crack be evident, cut off any split portion before proceeding. (D) During cold weather, gripping the tubing highly around the area to be cut for about 10 seconds prior to making the cut will warm the tubing and reduce possible problems.
What about health, safety & fi re toxicity issues?Tests performed at respected universities and independent laboratories confi rm that uPVC is superior to metal systems in terms of water quality eff ects and “no more toxic than wood” in fi re. ASTRAL Aquarius uPVC system is manufactured from a compound which is lead free and hence most favoured system in terms of health and safety. LOI of uPVC is 45, which means uPVC is not reality burnable in atmosphere. Once the burning source is removed, It stops burning.
Is ASTRAL Aquarius System resistant to U.V. exposure ?- Eff ect of U.V. On polymers “U.V. acts as a strong catalyst for the oxidations process which breaks down the polymer chains, leading weakness in the pipes & fi ttings and to loss of hydrostatic strength. ”Above eff ect is very much possible with materials like PP & PE. But for uPVC main process is dehydrochlorination and not oxidation. This dehydrochlorination does not break down the polymer chains to any signifi cant extent after outdoor exposure, being mainly limited to a surface discoloration eff ect only.
There is a loss of Impact resistance due to impact modifi erslosing effi ciency.
This may even result in increased modulus.
There is no signifi cant loss in stress bearing capacity Impact resistance mainly an Installation issue (before any U.V. exposure)
Still if a portion of the piping system will be left exposed to U.V.light, a standard grade of exterior, latex paint (water base) will protect the pipe adequately.
Is it possible to use ASTRAL Aquarius System at temperature around 10-15°C?Practically, Yes. It is very much possible to use ASTRAL Aquarius at a temperature around 10 - 15 °C. Normal temperature range of uPVC compound material is 23°C to 60 °C. As temperature decrease beyond 23°C, uPVC becomes brittle like any other thermoplastic material. So its impact properties decrease as temperature decrease but there is no reduction in hydrostatic strength of material at lower temperatures so it can be used at lower temperatures but very sound engineering design considerations required at a such low temperatures to eliminate water hammers & impact issues.
What about the noise emissions compare to metallic system? The tendency of sound is to travel in the material with fastest possible velocity.This means in metal system, the sound travels in metal because the velocity of sound in metal is higher than that of in water and create noise emissions. While in uPVC system, noise will travel in water because the velocity of sound in water is higher than that of in uPVC. So uPVC systems are as quiet as physically possible.
What about scale build up?Scale built up is a function of the roughness of the pipe, as measured by the Hazen - Williams “C” factor, used in the Hazen Williams formula for calculating friction head losses in piping system.
Higher value for C - Less friction,
- Less head loss.
with metal systems, once corrosion starts “C” factor will greatly reduce which result in head loss and scale built up. With ASTRAL Aquarius uPVC, there is no corrosion and hence scale built up is inhibited.
Is it possible to connect IPS system with CTS system?IPS (Iron Pipe Size) & CTS (Copper Tube Size) are most widely used systems in plumbing market. Therefore changeability of one to another is very much important. ASTRAL has understood this requirement of market and hence developed special transition fi ttings. These fi ttings will connect the IPS System (SCH 40 & SCH 80) to CTS system (SDR 11 & SDR 13.5). These transition fi ttings are joined with one step solvent cement, which gives customer a very fast, effi cient & simple solution to join both systems. Available sizes are from 15mm (½”) to 50mm (2”).
01
08
09
10
11
12
13
02
03
04
05
06
07
www.astralpipes.com 35
Notes