Index

AAcademician Ridge, 188, 194, 197Accretive growth, 240Adhesive systems, 360, 361, 370–372Akademichesky ridge, 33Amphioxea, 85–89, 94, 95, 98, 99, 101Amphistrongyla, 91–93, 96, 97, 99Aquaporin, 145Aquiferous system, 241Archaeocytes, 67Archean precursor, 9Architecture, sponges, 239Axinella polypoides, 239

BBaicalia herderiana, 227Baikal, 3Baikal depression formation, 10Baikal Drilling Project (BDP), 187Baikalian sediments, 188, 194Baikalian sponge, 186Baikal-Muya terrane, 9Baikalospongia

B. bacillifera, 90–91, 95, 103, 109, 147, 225B. dzhegatajensis, 112, 115B. fungiformis, 92–93, 103, 109, 185B. intermedia, 94–96, 102, 103, 107, 108,

147, 187B. intermedia profundalis, 95–96, 109B. martinsoni, 91–92B. recta, 93–94, 103, 109

Baikal–Tuva region, 3Baikalum-1, 210Baikal Unit, 7, 10Barguzin terrane, 10Bending, 281

Bioinorganic biosilification, 182Biomineralization, 295Biomolecule, 341–343, 347–349, 351, 356Biosilica, 280, 295

benefit for human, 401coatings, 259sustainable production, 404

Biosilification, 174Bonding, 346–347, 355Bone

regeneration scaffolds, 264replacement, 264

Brachyury, 71Bragg mode, 327

CCalcarea, 60“Cambrian explosion,” 65Capillarity, 351, 353Cell-cell interaction, 61Cell-substrate interaction, 61Central-Asian orogenic belt, 5Chara, 117Chargytai, 3, 22Chip sealing, 345–347Citrate synthase, 158Collencytes, 66Compomers, 360, 362–364, 370–372Composites, 277

cements, 372resins, 362

cements, 372–375flowables, 372

synthetic, 292Conformal contact, 344, 346–347Core-shell materials, 262

417

418 Index

“Crown” taxa, 65Cryoprotective ptoteins, 65Cyclotella minuta, 123

DDental ceramics, 359

crystals, 376lithium-disilicate, 376

Dentistry, 359Deposition of skeleton, 242Derba-Kitoykin metamorphic terrane, 16Dinoflagellates, 145, 154Dzhida terrane, 16

EEast Sayan, 44Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary, 57Efremova, S.M., 185, 201Elastomeric materials, 345Encapsulation of bacteria, 265Endemic sponges, 139, 207Ephydatia

E. altaiensis, 115, 227E. fluviatilis, 105, 187E. goriaevii, 105E. muelleri, 101–103, 107, 108E. olchonensis, 105E. tuva, 115, 116, 227

Eunapius, 99–101, 107Euplectella aspergillum, 69, 277Eutrophic, 108Extinct species, 192, 193, 195, 199

FFiller particles

adhesives, 372classification, 369content, 362, 363, 365, 367–372, 374inorganic fillers, 366size, 369, 374

Fluorescence spectroscopydecay kinetics, 337intensity, 337spectrum, 336, 338

Food restriction/symbiosis, 65Fossil Baikalian sponge, 192Fossil sponge fauna, 185, 196, 197, 200Frizzled receptor, 71Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, 158Fused silica, 319, 320, 332, 335

GGemmoscleres, 82, 99, 101, 108Gemmule, 81, 82, 101, 102, 108Genomics, 349, 351Geodia cydonium, 56, 70Glass-ionomer cements, 360–377Glycerol, 145Gmelin, 388Gureeva, M.A., 201Gymnodinium sanguineum, 154

HHaliclona oculata, 237Hexactinellida, 60Hexactinellid sponges, 277H filter, 353–354Holocene, 194Hovsgol, Lake, 27, 28, 36Hubei, 64Hyalonema sieboldi, 70, 315Hydrated quartz, 316

IIkat terrane, 10Internal transcribed spacers, 112Iroquois, 68

KKhamar-Daban, 44Khamar-Daban-Olkhon metamorphic terrane, 17Khubsugul, 3, 18Khubsugul Unit, 14, 20

LLab-on-chip, 351, 355Lake Baikal, 185, 224, 228

discovery, 387paleo-outlets, 35

Lake Chagytai, 115, 224, 227Lake Tore-Khol, 115, 224, 227Late Miocene, 185, 188, 200Late Pliocene, 185, 194, 195LIM class genes, 73Lubomirskia

L. abietina, 89–90, 103, 109L. baicalensis, 69, 85–88, 102, 103, 107,

108, 145, 225, 383expressed sequence tag (EST), 396

L. b. littoralis, 86

Index 419

L. fusifera, 88–89, 102L. incrustans, 87–88, 102, 185

Lubomirskiidae, 81, 82, 85–98, 102, 103, 107, 108

Lubomirskiidae family, 186, 187, 201

MManzurka River, 36Martinson, G.G., 186, 201Mechnical behavior, loading rate, 290Megasclere, 82, 99, 101, 108Mesenchymal stem cell-like protein

(MSCP), 66Mesoproterozoic, 5Mesozoa, 55Messerschmidt, 388Metazoa, 55Microarray(s), 342–343, 349–350Microcontact printing, 342–343, 345, 347Microfluidic lithography, 351Microfluidics, 341–343, 345–346, 351,

353–356Microhardness, 319–321Micromolding in capillaries, 343, 351Microsclere, 99, 101, 102, 108Micro-total analysis systems, 355Microtransfer molding, 343Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), 377Miocene, 200Mobile elements, 229“Molecular clock,” 56Molecular investigations, 202Molecular phylogeny of endemic freshwater

sponges, 124Molecular systematics of lake Baikal/lake

Tuva sponges, 111Monophyletic origin, 59Morphogen, 68Morphogenesis, 61Morphological features of spicules, 189, 192Myotrophin, 68

NNanobiotechnology, 308, 341–343, 356, 383Nanolithography, 261Nanoparticles, 260Nanotechnology, 341–342, 344Nanowires, 261Natural photonic crystals, 322Neoproterozoic, 56, 59Northern Eurasia, 4

OOligotrophy, 108Oocytes, 152Optical fibers, 267, 315, 316

cylindrical, 322microstructured, 328, 331, 338omniguide, 323

Optical properties, 315Origin of Lubomirskiidae, 200

PPaired class genes, 73Paleontological investigations, 187, 202Paleoproterozoic, 9Palindrome, 214Pallas, 388Parazoa, 55Patterning, 353Phanerozoic, 5Pheronema sp., 315Phosphoglucose isomerase, 159Photonic crystal, 322, 327, 335Pinacocytes, 67Pleistocene, 194Pliocene, late, 194Poly(dimethylsiloxane), 343Polyamins, 300Post-translational modification, 255Primmorphs, 148Primmorph system, 68Primorsk, 8Proteomics, 343, 349–351Proterozoic, late, 64Pyruvate dehydrogenase, 159

RRadiate accretive growth, 237Rapid evolution, 207Recent sponge fauna, 186, 197Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), 67Refractive index, 320, 323, 328, 335

nonlinear, 334Replica molding, 343Resin-modified glass-ionomer cements, 362Retrotransposon, 207Reynolds number, 353Rezinkovia, 98–103

R. arbuscula, 103, 105, 185R. echinata, 98–99, 107

Rezvoi, P.D., 201Ribosomal DNA, 112

420 Index

SSangilen metamorphic terrane, 20Sansha section, 63Sclerocytes, 66Self-assembly, 347Siberian craton, 5Silaffins, 300Silanization, 362, 365, 370, 375Silica

composite spicules, 282condensation, 303melt-processed, 281structure, 296

Silicase, 258Silicate-based compounds, 359Silicate glasses, 360, 362, 368, 371Silicatein, 69, 134, 251, 299, 404

assembly, 255biomedicine, 409gene, 210

Silicationsand-blasting, 375silicate layer, 375

Silicic acid homeostasis, 178Silicification, 173

diatoms, 300plants, 301sponges, 298

Silicon, 359–377Silicon in life, 173Skeletal architecture, 237Skeleton, 81, 85–100, 109Soft lithography, 341–343, 345–347, 355Solactiniella plumata, 63Solvent-assisted micromolding, 343Spicules, 81, 86–99, 315

basal, 317, 318, 322, 329, 336hierachical structure, 280mechnical behavior, 279optical properties, 320skeletal, 317, 318structure, 279

Spongesfossil record, 63phylogeny, 60

Sponge spicules, 185, 188fluorescence properties, 336structure, 317

SpongillaS. gutenbergiana, 63S. lacustris, 98–99, 103, 105,

107, 108S. microgemmata, 105

Spongillidae, 81–82, 99–103, 107–109, 186, 187, 201

Stem cells in sponges, 66Strontium, 38Sturtian glaciation, 56Suberites domuncula, 56Supercontinuum generation, 331, 334, 335Swartschewskia, 96–98

S. irregularis, 103S. papyracea, 96–97, 103, 185, 225

Symbiotic relationship, 166

TTannuola terrane, 21Taxonomy of freshwater sponges, 81Tertrias, 187Tissue engineering, 341–343Titania, 260Toothpastes

cleaning particles, 377radioactive dentine abrasion

(RDA), 377Tore-Chol, 3, 22Torsion, 281Transcription factors, 61Transit species, 192, 193, 197Transmission spectrum, 320, 321,

334, 335anti-Stokes component, 332

Tribochemical silication, 375Trochospongilla sp., 82, 107T sensor, 353–354Tunka land basin, 200Tunka terrane, 17Tuva unit, 20

UUltra-short light pulses

chromatic dispersion, 331, 333, 335Raman self-scattering, 332self-phase modulation, 331–333

Upper Cretaceous, 186Upper Pleistocene, 185, 194

VVaranger-Marinoan ice age, 56Volcanism, 40

Hovsgol, 43lake Baikal Rift system, 42quaternary, 47

Index 421

WWaveguide

Bragg, 323, 324, 326–328, 330

cladding, 323, 325core, 322, 325leaky, 324, 326, 327

YYoung’s modulus, 319, 321, 344, 346

ZZirconia, 260Zoochlorellae, 85, 88, 89, 94, 95, 99