In the 13th

century Roger Bacon adapted the camera obscura to produce the first pinhole camera.

Top left and bottom left are the first picturestaken by Joseph Nicephore Niepce.Top right is a large scale version of his obscuraCamera.Middle and bottom right is a portable version of his obscura camara.

Pinhole cameras are made from wood and metal.

Johann discovered that by using silver nitrate he could create a black and white photo. The chemistry of the silver nitrate allowed unexposed parts of the film to be white while exposed parts turned black. After a while everything turned black.

In 1836 LouisJacques-Manclé Daguerre produced the very first photographic machines that could capture images better than any of the earlier “cameras”.

In 1885, George Eastman perfected the idea of film that had been developed earlier. First he used paper to develop the images but later he used celluloid film that efficiently captured and held images.

George Eastman developed a camera with a lens so his customers could take pictures of their favorite moments. In the late 19th century the development of roll film revolutionized cameras. Introduced by George Eastman (Kodak Cameras), Roll film allowed for the development of small inexpensive cameras that were affordable in masses and easy to operate

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Roll film spawned into the development of host camera types including movie cameras, single lens and twin lens reflex cameras, and range finder cameras.

By mid-century, electronic components were added to most cameras to allow for light metering, automatic exposure control, and even automatic focusing on some models.

The worlds first permanent photo from nature taken by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce in 1826 or 1827. The image depicts a view from an upstairs window from his estate in the Burgundy region of France

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