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In partnership with www. man-imal. fr / en Introduction to zootechnics Animal husbandry : structures, herds 1 by Sbastien COUVREUR Slide 2 ANIMAL PRODUCTIONS IN THE FRENCH AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 2 Total 163,7 md The 2010 household food consumption (consumption per product in billions of Euros) Source : Insee Slide 3 ANIMAL PRODUCTIONS IN THE FRENCH AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 3 Evolution 2000 2007 Large crops Market gardening, horticulture Viticulture Fruits Dairy cattle Beef cattle Other herbivores Swine, poultry Other -8 -38 -23 -17 -27 -20 -26 -29 -33 Slide 4 Forage areas 4 % of P.P. (Permanent Prairies) Slide 5 5 Forage areas Slide 6 I. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY : STRUCTURES, HERDS A. General data regarding animal husbandry B. Cattle breeding C. Sheep breeding D. Caprine breeding E. Pig breeding F. Poultry farming G. Rabbit breeding H. Equines 6 II. PRODUCTIONS ET USE OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS A. Milk and dairy products B. Meat products C. Eggs Slide 7 I. ANIMAL BREEDING : STRUCTURES, HERDS A. General data regarding animal husbandry 7 Corresponding herd (heads) 2010 Slide 8 I. A. General data regarding animal husbandry Bovine breeds Cows Caprine breeds Goats Ovine breeds Sheep Pig breeds Sows Poultry breeds Chickens Laying hens Ducks Turkeys Equine breeds 8 19,5 7,8 1,43 1,00 7,5 5,8 13,9 1,13 296 144 46 26 23 0,43 Millions de ttes 2010 Slide 9 B. Cattle breeding 9 Dairy cows Suckler cows Herd (2011) in thousands of heads Source : the European commission Slide 10 10 Herd (2011) Cows Other bovine species France 19,0 Thousands of heads EU27 86,2 World 1012,4 Source : the European commission I. B. Cattle breeding Slide 11 11 Herd (2011) France Germany United Kingdom Spain Poland Italy Ireland The Netherlands Romania Belgium Austria Portugal Danemark Czech Republic Sweden 4 108 684 1642 1821 122 390 1 063 107 13 519 257 442 102 183 182 Source : the European comminssion 3 678 4 190 1 800 798 2 446 1 755 1 055 1 504 1 119 555 527 252 579 374 348 Suckerly cows Dairy cows In thousands of heads 12,1 Millions heads 22,8 Millions heads Cowherds in the UE27 in December 2011 I. B. Cattle breeding Slide 12 Evolution of dairy and suckler herds in France 12 Dairy cowsSuckler cows Source : the European commission In thousands of heads Slide 13 13 I. B. Cattle breeding Herd (2011) From 0 to 80,000 heads From 80 to 160,000 heads From 160 to 400,000 heads More than 400,000 heads Scale of suckler cows Slide 14 14 I. B. Cattle breeding From 0 to 100 000 heads From 100 to 160 000 heads From 160 to 400 000 heads More than 400 000 heads Scale of dairy cows Herd (2011) Slide 15 15 Herd (2011) I. B. Cattle breeding Ille-de-France Champagne-Ardenne Picardy Upper-Normandy Centre region Lower-Normandy Burgundy Nord Pas-de-Calais Lorraine Alsace Franche-Comt Pays de la Loire Brittany Poitou-Charentes Aquitaine Midi-Pyrnes Limousin Rhne-Alpes Auvergne Languedoc-Roussillon Provence-Alpes-Cte dAzur Corsica 6 922 114 824 78 590 85 429 221 467 173 322 475 874 83 980 156 616 19 468 49 929 469 824 143 630 133 463 270 642 473 457 464 730 175 162 494 685 79 941 17 994 39 332 5 954 98 702 115 051 128 811 59 220 425 674 57 956 162 457 179 816 41 862 191 064 452 137 627 001 88 694 102 522 137 675 35 185 267 769 228 159 20 122 8 807 58 Suckler cows Dairy cows Region Source: The Office of Statistics and Studies (SSP) (annual agricultural statistics) Slide 16 16 I. B. Cattle breeding Dairy breeds Suckler breeds Crossbreed cattle 7 269 milliers de ttes Calves bearth in France Year 2010/2011 Suckler breeds Dairy breeds Crossbreed cattle 3 395 2 810 1 064 In thousands of heads Breeds Slide 17 17 I. B. Cattle breeding Slide 18 18 C. Sheep breeding 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 1 284 1 281 1 305 1 314 1 297 1 274 1 325 1 316 1 307 1 300 1 304 1 285 1 284 1 271 1 307 1 324 1 298 5 551 5 346 5 341 5 232 5 157 5 115 4 902 4 783 4 640 4 583 4 506 4 370 4 203 3 894 3 740 3 981 3 818 Dairy sheep Suckler sheep Thousands of heads Source: The Office of Statistics and Studies (SSP) December surveys Less than 100 sheep From 100 to 200 From 200 to 500 From 500 to 700 More than 700 sheep 29,9 % 24,2 % 35,8 % 6,4 % 3,7 % 8,2 % 14,2 % 46,9 % 15,3 % 15,4 % Number of farmers Number of sheep Herd size Source: FranceAgriMer (The French agricultural office) PBC 2011 (Award granted to sheeps and goats) 3,8 1,3 Million of heads Suckler sheep Dairy sheep French herd in december 2011 Herd (2011) Slide 19 19 In thousands of heads I. C. Sheep breeding Source: The Office of Statistics and Studies (SSP) December surveys Suckler sheepDairy sheep Herd (2011) Slide 20 20 I. C. Sheep breeding Herd (2011) In thousands of heads 39,3 24,7 Million of heads Suckler sheep Dairy sheep Reproductive herds in EU27 Suckler sheepDairy sheep Slide 21 21 I. C. Sheep breeding From 0 to 80,000 heads From 80 to 200,000 heads From 200 to 400,000 heads More than 600,000 heads Scale of suckler sheep Herd (2011) Slide 22 22 I. C. Sheep cattle Herd (2011) From 0 to 80,000 heads From 80 to 200,000 heads From 200 to 400 heads More than 400,000 heads Scale of dairy cows Slide 23 23 Herd (2011) Alsace Aquitaine Auvergne Lower-Normandy Burgundy Brittany Centre region Champagne-Ardenne Corsica Franche-Comt Upper-Normandy Ile-de-France Languedoc Roussillon Limousin Lorraine Midi Pyrnes Nord - Pas-de-Calais Pays de la Loire Picardie Poitou-Charentes Provence-Alpes-Cte dAzur Rhne-Alpes 30,4 134,7 381,6 83,8 169,6 54,8 140,4 93,9 8,6 49,1 64,4 9,1 170,7 373,1 171,5 679,1 37,2 108,0 67,6 441,1 576,6 297,5 Suckler sheep Dairy cows Region Source: The Office of Statistics and Studies (SSP) 2010 Agricultural census I. C. Sheep breeding 0,1 474,1 7,6 0,7 0,9 2,7 1,4 1,1 83,3 0,4 0,6 0,0 95,7 1,2 0,3 697,6 0,4 1,3 0,1 0,0 7,6 9,8 Slide 24 24 Number of meat breeds, in thousands of sheep I. C. Sheep breeding Meat-type Slide 25 25 Number of meat-type breeds, in thousands sheep I. C. Elevage ovin Dairy Slide 26 26 I. C. Sheep breeding Breeds Slide 27 27 D. Goat breeding Herd (2011) Million caprines, of which 90% are goats ~1,38 Poitou-Charentes Midi-Pyrnes Rhne-Alpes Centre Pays de la Loire Proportion of the 5 regions 21 7 22 12 5 68 34 7 13 14 8 77 24 7 25 14 6 75 37 9 14 13 10 82 21 9 22 12 7 71 34 11 12 13 81 Farms 10 goats 20052000 2011 FarmsGoatsFarmsGoatsFarms Goats *Herd survey covering 12 regions in 2000 and 13 regions in 2005 and 2011 Slide 28 28 I. D. Goat breeding Herd (2011) 10 to 49 goats 50 to 99 goats 100 to 199 goats 200 goats and more Number 47 23 21 9 8 400 14 20 35 31 695 000 31 23 27 19 695 000 7 14 32 47 715 000 26 19 28 5 500 5 9 26 61 845 000 20052000 2011 FarmsGoats Farms GoatsFarmsGoats Farms 10 goats Slide 29 29 I. D. Goat breeding Dairy breeds Slide 30 30 E. Pig breeding Herd (2011) in thousands of heads From 0 to 200 From 200 to 500 From 1 000 to 2 000 More than 2 000 Scale (in thousand of heads) From 500 to 1 000 Ille-de-France Champagne-Ardenne Picardy Upper-Normandy Centre Lower-Normandy Burgundy Nord Pas-de-Calais Lorraine Alsace Franche-Comt Pays de la Loire Brittany Poitou-Charentes Aquitaine Midi-Pyrnes Limousin Rhne-Alpes Auvergne Languedoc-Roussillon Provence-Alpes-Cte dAzur Corsica 8 182 131 144 328 594 137 489 100 112 1 511 7 898 392 414 433 149 295 248 29 23 65 Number of pigsRegion Slide 31 31 I. E. Pig breeding Herd (2011) Slide 32 32 I. E. Pig breeding Herd (2011) 13,9 148,5799,9 France EU27World Herd in2011 in millions of heads Source : Commission europenne, USDA China EU North America Brazil Russia+Ukraine Japan+South Korea Other 477,1 150,8 85,8 36,7 25,2 18,2 9,1 en milliers de ttes Slide 33 33 I. E. Pig breeding Breed Predominance of commercial crossbreeding systems Alliance of maternal performance and carcass qualities 40 100 pigs 100 200 pigs > 200 pigs 26,0% 46,0% 28,0% 10,0 % 34,5 % 55,5 % Number of farms 2900t Herd 1,1 million Farm size Source : SSP 50 400 pigs 400 1 500 pigs > 1 500 pigs 39,1% 36,0% 24,9% 8,8% 29,6% 61,6% Number of farms 12 250 Herd 13,8 millions Farm size Source : SSP Distribution of sow numbers Distribution of fattening pig numbers 28% of breeders own 55% of herd. Slide 34 34 F. Poultry Farming Million heads in 2011 296 Slide 35 35 I. F. Poultry farming 1,8612,4 101,6 Source : FAO France EU27 World Gross indigenous poultry production In million of tec France Germany United Kingdom Poland Spain Italy The Netherlands Hungary Romania Portugal 1 864 1 663 1 558 1 330 1 278 1 232 762 396 350 331 Sources: The European Commission, SSP, MEG, UNA, DEFRA Production In thousands of cwe (Carcass Weight Equivalent) In thousands of tec Slide 36 36 I. F. Poultry farming from 0,5 % to 1 % from 1 % to 2 % from 2 % to 4 % More than 6 % Regional proportion Less than 0,5 % from 4 % to 6 % All poultry meat / 2008 / % of agricultural land Source: ITAVI production according to AGRESTE - 2008 aviculture survey Slide 37 37 I. F. Poultry farming From 1 % to 2 % From 2 % to 3 % From 3 % to 4 % More than 6 % Regional proportion Less than 1 % From 4 % to 6 % Broilers Source: ITAVI production according to AGRESTE - 2008 aviculture survey Slide 38 38 I. F. Poultry farming From 1,00 to 2,00 From 2,00 to 3,00 From 3,00 to 4,00 From 20,00 to 31,14 Regional proportion From 0,00 to 1,00 From 4,00 to 20,00 Roasting ducks Source: ITAVI production according to AGRESTE - 2008 aviculture survey Slide 39 39 I. F. Poultry farming From 1 to 2 % From 2 to 4 % From 4 to 6 % More than 15 % Regional proportion Less than 1 % From 6 to 15 % Force-fed ducks Source: ITAVI production according to AGRESTE - 2008 aviculture survey Slide 40 40 I. F. Poultry farming From 1 to 2 % From 2 to 4 % From 4 to 6 % More than 20 % Regional proportion Less than 1 % From 6 to 20 % Turkey hens and cocks Source: ITAVI production according to AGRESTE - 2008 aviculture survey Slide 41 41 I. F. Poultry farming From 1 to 2 % From 2 to 4 % From 4 to 6 % More than 8 % Regional proportion Less than 1 % From 6 to 8 % Guinea fowls Source: ITAVI production according to AGRESTE - 2008 aviculture survey Slide 42 42 I. F. Poultry farming From 2 to 4 % From 4 to 6 % From 6 to 8 % More than 20 % Regional proportion Less than 2 % From 8 to 20 % Egg-laying hens Source: ITAVI production according to AGRESTE - 2008 aviculture survey Slide 43 43 I. F. Poultry farming BREEDING HENS Chicken: 6.4 million heads Turkey hen: 1.5 million heads Guinea fowl: 378,000 heads DAY-OLD POULTRIES Chicken: 91 hatcheries - 793 million chicks Turkey hen: 17 hatcheries - 118 million turkey poults Duck(1): 36 hatcheries - 100 million ducklings ANIMAL HUSBANDRIES 10,000 chicken(2) breeding 3,900 turkey-hen breeding 1,700 duck breeding 1,600 guinea fowl breeding PRODUCTION Chicken: 973,300 CWE(3) turkey-hen: 624,300 CWE Duck: 226,500 CWE Guinea fowl: 47,200 CWE SLAUGHTERS Chicken: 97 slaughterhouses(4) - 897,200 CWE Turkey-hen: 32 slaughterhouses - 614,500 CWE Duck: 226,500 CWE Guinea fowl: 36 slaughterhouses - 36,000 CWE POULTRY FEED PRODUCTION Chicken: 3.2 million tons Turkey-hen: 2.2 million tons Duck: 1.4 million tons LIVE EXPORTS Chicken: 45,400 CWE Turkey-hen: 2,300 CWE Duck: 600 CWE Guinea fowl: 5,400 CWE LIVE IMPORTS Chicken: 4,200 CWE Turkey hen: 1,900 CWE Duck: 100 CWE EXPORTS Chicken: 394,900 CWE Turkey-hen: 265,100 CWE Duck: 50,700 CWE Guinea fowl: 2,600 CWE IMPORTS Chicken: 199,700 CWE Turkey-hen: 27,500 CWE Duck: 12,100 CWE Guinea fowl: 100 CWE Slide 44 44 G. Rabbit breeding Italy Spain France Czech Republic Germany 240,0 74,2 55,9 38,5 32,0 EU gross indigenous production Italy Spain France Czech Republic Germany 240,0 74,2 55,9 38,5 32,0 Major world farmers In thousands of heads Source : FAOSTAT, SSP Source : FAOSTAT In thousands of heads 56 459 1 840 France EU27 World 2008 Production in thousands of tec In thousands of heads Slide 45 45 I. G. Rabbit breeding Pays de la Loire Brittany Poitou-Charentes Rhne-Alpes Midi-Pyrnes Auvergne Lower-Normandy Nord Pas-de-Calais Centre region Aquitaine Other Totale FRANCE 320 220 122 72 61 57 55 50 37 28 165 1 187 Source : SSP Number of breeding rabbits In thousands of tec More than half of farming rabbits are bred in three regions in Northwest France. Slide 46 46 H. Equines Saddle, sport, leisure and race horses Draft horses Source: SSP - Annual agricultural statistics Slide 47 47 I. H. Equines French Herd in decembre 2011 Total France Total outside farms 582 300158 100 horses 49 400 donkeys, mules and hinnies 16 700 donkeys, mules and hinnies Slide 48 48 I. H. Equines From 0 to 2,000 heads From 2 to 5,000 heads From 5 to 8,000 heads More than 8,000 heads Scale draft horses Slide 49 49 I. H. Equines From 0 to 10,000 heads From 10 to 20,000 heads From 20 to 30,000 heads More than 30,000 heads Scale Saddle, sport, leisure and race horses