implanting terrorism

8/9/2019 Implanting Terrorism

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TERRORISM IMPLANTING

Ali Raza

Khurram Rana

Syed NaumanUliya Suleman


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HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

KHURRAM RANA


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Definition of terrorism

Terrorism is not new, and even though ithas been used since the beginning ofrecorded history it can be relativelyhard to define. Terrorism has beendescribed variously as both a tacticand strategy; a crime and a holy duty;a justified reaction to oppression andan inexcusable abomination.Obviously, a lot depends on whosepoint of view is being represented.Terrorism has often been an effective

tactic for the weaker side in a conflict.As an asymmetric form of conflict, itconfers coercive power with many ofthe advantages of military force at afraction of the cost.


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Brief History

v The Reign of Terrorv

v USA and Europe

v

v Middle East

v

v WW II


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Terrorism in Christianity

British journalist and politician IanGilmour has cited the historical case ofthe St. Bartholomew's Day massacreas an instance of religious terrorismon par with modern day terrorism, andgoes on to write, "That massacre, saidPope Gregory XIII, gave him morepleasure than fifty Battles of Lepanto,and he commissioned Vasari to paintfrescoes of it in the Vatican". It isestimated that 2,000 to possibly

25,000 Huguenots (FrenchProtestants) were killed by Catholicmobs, and it has been called "theworst of the century's religiousmassacres". The massacre led to the

start of the "fourth war" of the FrenchWars of Religion, which was marked by


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Terrorism in Sikhism

v Sikh extremist activity in theindependence movement seems tohave started in the late mid-19thcentury, with agitation againstBritish rule, by the extremist Sikhsect of Kuka (Namdhari).

v

v In the early 20th century, other Sikhswho employed extremist tacticsemerged whose goals were Indianindependence and the Britishleaving India. Such extremistsincluded Kartar Singh Sarabha(Ghadar conspiracy), Bhagat Singh,Ajmere Singh, and Udham Singh.


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Terrorism in Islam

Islamic terrorism is often inspired bynumerous Qur'an verses that justify orencourage attacks on non-Muslims orthose who may not be regarded aspious. Robert Pape, has argued that atleast terrorists utilizing suicide attacks a particularly effective form ofterrorist attackare driven not byIslamism but by "a clear strategicobjective: to compel moderndemocracies to withdraw military

forces from the territory that theterrorists view as their homeland."


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Terrorism in Pakistan

v Pre-1980v

v Aid to Mujahideen and Arab Afghans

v

v Post Afghan War

v

v Lashkar-e-Taiba

v

v Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan

vv War in North-West Pakistan


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CASES

ALI RAZA


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Other Similar Cases

AFIYA SIDDIQUIv

v Aafia Siddiqui is a Pakistani Muslimneuroscientist, accused by the U.N.and U.S. of being an al-Qaeda

member.v

v A Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology (MIT) alumna andBrandeis University Ph.D.

v

v Mother of three, she had disappearedin March 2003.

v

v She has a large public support in

Pakistan.


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Other Similar Cases

RASHID RAUFv

v 27 year old Rashid Rauf belonged to abusiness family of Birmingham.

v

v Developed an alleged plot to killhundreds of civilians by blowing uptransatlantic airliners using liquidexplosive.

v

v Believed to have close ties with Jaish-e-Mohammad

v

v Believed to have died in the US dronestrike.


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Other Similar Cases

OMER SHEIKH

v British born militant Omer Sheikh isthe son of a rich merchant. SheikhStudied in London School of

Economics and Aitchison College.v

v Omar Sheikh, 27, was a close associateof Maulana Azhar Masood - founderof the banned Jaish-e-Mohammad

group.v

v Attended the best schools includingLondon School of Economics andAitchison college.


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Other Similar Cases

OMER SHEIKH (CONTD.)

v His father, Saeed Ahmed, was asuccesful Pakistani clothesmerchant from Wanstead in east

London.

v Involved in the killing of JournalistDaniel Pearl.


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Other Similar Cases

5 MUSLIM AMERICANS ARRESTED INSARGHODA

v Five Muslim Americans with suspectedties to terrorism were detained on

December 9, 2009, in Pakistan.v

v Their names are: Umer Farooq,Ramy Zamzam,Ahmed Abdullah Minni,

Waqar Khan, and Aman Yasir


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Other Similar Cases

7 JULY 2005 LONDON BOMBINGSSIDDIQUE KHAN

v Siddique Khan worked at a School as alearning mentor.

v

v Mohammad Sidique Khan was theoldest of the four suicide

v

v He bombed the Edgware Road train inwhich six people died, plus himself.

v

v Khan worked at a school as a learningmentor.


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Other Similar Cases

HASEEB MIR HUSSAIN

v 28 year old

v

v Hasib Hussain was born in Leeds in

September 1986.v

v He left school in July 2003 with sevenGCSEs.

v

v Hasib Hussain bombed bus No. 30,killing 13 people


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Other Similar Cases

SHEHZAD TANVEER

v Tanveer is believed to have metmembers of Jaish-i-Mohammad whilehis stay in Pakistan.

v

v In 2004 he travelled to Karachi alongwith Mohammad Sidique Khanwhere he is believed to havereceievedtraining.

vv His family confirms he attended a

madrassa during his to Pakistann

v

v Reportedly, Tanveer met leaders of

radical group Jaish-e-Muhammad


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CASE STUDY OF FAISAL

SHEHZAD

ULIYA SULEMAN


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Who is Faisal Shehzad?

v

Faisal Shahzad is a 30-year-old naturalizedU.S. citizen who lived in Bridgeport,Connecticut. Originally from Pakistan

v

v Attended Southeastern University inWashington DC

vv He later got an MBA.

v

v In October 2006 he married Huma Mian, anAmerican citizen

v

v The couple bought a small house in Shelton, atown in Connecticut close to Bridgeportand had two young children, a boy and agirl.

v

v

Neighbours said they lived there for almostthree years together with two of Mrs'


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What did he do?

Pakistani-American has been chargedwith driving an explosives-laden carinto New York's Times Square on May1.

Shahzadwas arrested approximately 53hours after the attempt by U.S.Customs and Border Protectionofficers.

He was taken into custody at John F.Kennedy International Airport, afterboarding Emirates Flight 202 to Dubai.His final destination was Islamabad.

Shahzad's activity during the severalmonths he spent in Pakistan last year


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What did he do?

U.S. prosecutors say he has admittedattending a terrorist training camp intribal region of Waziristan.

The formal complaint against Shahzad

involves him in five terrorism-relatedcrimes, including the attempted use ofa weapon of mass destruction.

If convicted, he faces up to life in prison.

Shahzad is believed to travel to Pakistanon July 3, 2009 and also reportedlyvisited Peshawar While in Pakistan; heis believed to have attended a

terrorist training camp in what wasbelieved to be Waziristan.


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Change

vHis marriage became strained in 2009,as he pressured his wife to wear a

hijab, and insisted that the familyreturn to Pakistan while he searchedfor a job in the Middle East.

v

v On June 2, he telephoned his wife fromJFK Airport, saying he was leavingfor Pakistan, and that it was up toher choice whether to follow him.She refused, and instead she and

their two children moved toDhahran, Saudi Arabia, where herparents were living.


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Shehzada lone wolf?

vInvestigations carried out by Pakistaniintelligence agencies to explore any

possible militant links of FaisalShahzad indicate that he might havebeen used as a lone wolf operatorby his Jihadi handlers given the fact

that recruits bearing Westerncitizenship are valued by al-Qaeda-linked Pakistani Jihadi groups.

v

v Preliminary investigations being

carried out by the Pakistaniauthorities indicate a possibleinvolvement of the Tehrik-e-TalibanPakistan led by HakeemullahMehsud and Jaish-e-Mohammad.


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Shehzada lone wolf?

vImparting the basic training FaisalShahzad was reportedly given

during his five month stay inPakistan [between August 2009 andFebruary 2010.

v

v Faisal keeps insisting that he actedalone, but his confession of a linkwith the Waziristan region andphone calls made from his mobile toPakistan shortly before the failed

bombing plot simply belie his claim.


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Media Coverage

Faisal arrest A great drama Faisal Shehzad s Taliban ties

Shehzad The hybrid terrorist A visit to Faisal Shehzad s vil
http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/Faisal%20Arrest_%20_A%20Great%20Drama_%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/Faisal%20Arrest_%20_A%20Great%20Drama_%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/Faisal%20Shahzad_s%20Taliban%20Ties_%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/Faisal%20Shahzad_s%20Taliban%20Ties_%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/Shahzad,%20_The%20Hybrid%20Terrorist_%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/Shahzad,%20_The%20Hybrid%20Terrorist_%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/World_%20A%20Visit%20to%20Faisal%20Shahzad_s%20Village%20-%20nytimes.com_video%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/World_%20A%20Visit%20to%20Faisal%20Shahzad_s%20Village%20-%20nytimes.com_video%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/World_%20A%20Visit%20to%20Faisal%20Shahzad_s%20Village%20-%20nytimes.com_video%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/Shahzad,%20_The%20Hybrid%20Terrorist_%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/Faisal%20Shahzad_s%20Taliban%20Ties_%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/Faisal%20Arrest_%20_A%20Great%20Drama_%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4


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Media Reports

Tehran times carried out the headline :

Is Faisal Shahzad crazy?

I was expecting you. Are you NYPD or FBI?

when federal agents boarded his Emiratesflight to Dubai on the runway at JFKairport, Shahzad said:

There he was, about to get away -- he wasbelted in his seat, and the plane was ready

to take off -- and yet he tells the feds hewas expecting them.

v The truth of the matter is that he maysimply have gone insane.

v

v His private life and his activities have


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Media Reports

In New York Times:

v Faisal Shahzad was trained by themilitant group in the Mohmandregion and received $15,000 to

carry out the New York attack,officials say.

v

v Times Square bomber received severaldays of training in Pakistan's

Mohmand region and roughly$15,000 from the Pakistani Talibanto finance the attack, according toU.S. officials briefed on the case.


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Media Reports

Articles from India have generalized allfacts:

Faisal Shazad who decided to resort toterrorism to express his anger against

the Americans, actually represent twoends of a spectrum of violent Islamicmilitants who are being groomed inPakistan.Therefore, highly educated

multinational youngsters like Faisalare increasingly being chosen by theinternational jihadi mafia as recruits tostrike at the heart of the West.

Both represent two ends of a spectrumof violent jihadis being groomed in


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Media Reports

Pakistani media tried to highlight themeans and ways that could haveturned him in such a fanatic.

Articles saying:

There was guilt as he saw pictures ofGazas dead children and related themto US support for Israel. Internetbrowsing or, perhaps, the local

mosque steered him towards the ideaof an Islamic caliphate. This solution tothe worlds problems would require, ofcourse, the US to be destroyed. HenceShahzads self-confessed trip toWaziristan. (Dawn)


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Media Reports

Article saying:

Pakistanis are afraid. When they see ontelevision, 'Pakistani terrorist in TimesSquare,' they just want to hide their

face, Hussain said at a brightly litPakistani restaurant in suburbanWashington.

But for many Pakistani-Americans, thebomb plot instilled not so much fear

but embarrassment. The communityhas been proud of its prosperity in thisnation of immigrants and has comeunder far less scrutiny than PakistaniBritish. (Dawn)


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Media Reports

In the 1980s, when Shahzad was achild, Peshawar was a staging post forthe mujahideen who fought againstthe Soviets in Afghanistan, a placefrequented by Osama bin Laden andswollen by a morass of two million

Afghan refugees.But villagers could give no clues as towhy the fresh-faced lightly beardedman allegedly drove a Nissan SUV

crammed with a large, butmalfunctioning bomb into TimesSquare, nor whether he acted inconcert with Islamist groups. (TheNews)


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REASONS FOR TERRORISM

SYED NAUMAN


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Terrorism in the world

vBush administrations policies

v

v Iranian Revolution of 1979

Overthrew the Shah

Encouraged Shia Communities toassert themselvesReaction among Sunnis who launchedtheir own militia


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vSoviet occupation of Afghanistan inlate 1979

The CIA assembled thousands ofIslamic militants from nearly 20Islamic countries.

The services of Osama bin Ladenwere utilized and the Americanmedia praised his role in building upresistance against the Soviet forces.

The US also provided liberal fundsto support madressahs that weretraining Afghan militants. Thesemilitants later became the nucleusfor the Taliban.


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v

v Indian occupation of KashmirWithin Pakistan, militancy insupport of the oppressed people ofKashmir gained momentum, andseveral new organizations wereestablished, based largely onKashmiris living in Pakistan and

Azad Kashmir.

v Occupation of PalestineSuch is the state of despair, andrevulsion over Israeli tactics thatthe Palestinians have turned to

terror.


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v

Invasion of countries by US after 9/11Since the events of 9/11, as the UShas relied on pre-emption on thebasis of overwhelming force, andhas shown scant regard for human

life or legitimate concerns in Islamiccountries, the militant groups haverisen up even in places whereterrorism did not exist, such as Iraq.The most regrettable aspect of this

situation is that it projects a wrongimage of Islam.


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v

Technologyv

v SectarianismBrailvi, Deobandi, Ahle Hadith andShias

v Ethnic threatMohajirs, Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashtunsand Balochs

v

v Madrassahsv

v Poverty and family pressure

v

v Political Instability


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v

Economic ConditionsDevalued currency, high prices,taxes

v Standards Of Living

v Religious Extremism and Islamicmilitancy

v Ethno Nationalist Groups

BLFAv

v Threat of creating a state within astate

v

v

i i ki


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v

Indian roleIndian funding of Sindhi andPashtun separatists has been anopen secret in PakistanIndia has supported and financed

terrorist attacks in Pakistanv

v Russian factorHathora (hammer) groups of the1980s. The vicious culprits were

from the Soviet bloc, teaching alesson to Pakistan for its pro-

Afghanistan policyShootings in Masjids

v


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SUGGESTIONS TO COUNTER

TERRORISMSYED NAUMAN

Strategies


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Strategies

v

The Strategy must seek to counterterrorism in all its forms andmanifestations.

v It should promote internationalcooperation, especially throughinclusive, transparent andaccountable processes.

v It should enhance the capacity ofMember States to undertake the

operational and other policymeasures required to counter andeliminate terrorism.

v It should address the underlying

causes - political, economic andsocial - which ive rise to the

Strategies


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Strategies

v It should promote the implementationof the international conventions andrelevant international law tocounter terrorism.

v It should be consistent with theprinciples of the UN Charter -ensuring the sovereignty andsovereign equality of states andright of people to self

determination- and internationallaw, humanitarian law and universalhuman rights standards.

v It should prevent the suppression of

legitimate resistance againstforei n occu ation or for self-

Strategies


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Strategies

v

It should not discriminate against anyreligion or other group and shouldpromote tolerance and harmonyamong religions, cultures andcivilizations.

v It should encompass measures aimedat achieving short, medium andlonger-term objectives.

v It should include measures to promote

operational action by andcooperation among States,measures to promote clear legalnorms and standards, including alegal definition of terrorism; and

measures to address the underlyingconditions that give rise to

Short term measures


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Short term measures

Operational Measures

Police measures;

Intelligence sharing;

Financial and monitory controls;

Organized crime;

Border controls;

Building state capacity andexpertise in counter-terrorism.

Short term measures


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Short term measures

Implementation of existing legalconventions and norms includingimplementation of:

13 International counter-terrorism conventions and the

additional protocols.

Security Council resolutions1267, 1373 and 1540.

Streamlining of procedures (e.g.listing and de-listingprocedures of resolution 1267,reporting obligations etc.).

Medium term measures


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Medium term measures

v Adoption of improved operationalprocess in above fields.

v Finalization of legal definition ofterrorism.

v Adoption, by consensus, of acomprehensive convention againstterrorism.

v Steps to enhance adoption and

implementation of measures toprevent terrorists from acquiringWMD capabilities, including throughinternational treaties

v

v Initiation of steps to address the

Long term measures


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Long term measures

v Resolution of major outstandingdisputes.

v Implementing of National Strategies tocombat and eliminate extremism

v Promotion of Religious Tolerance andharmony within and among States.

v Dialogue among Religions, Culturesand Civilizations

v Adoption and implementation ofglobal, regional and nationalmeasures to promote socio-economic growth and modernization

Institutional measures


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v Criminalize the financing of terrorism

v

v Freeze without delay any funds relatedto persons involved in acts ofterrorism

v

v Deny all forms of financial support forterrorist groups

v

v Suppress the provision of safe haven,

sustenance or support for terroristsv

v Share information with othergovernments on any groupspracticing or planning terrorist acts

v



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v

v Cooperate with other governments in the

investigation, detection, arrest,extradition and prosecution of thoseinvolved in such acts; and

v

v Criminalize active and passive assistance

for terrorism in domestic law and bringviolators to justice.

v

v A UN Secretariat Mechanism forcoordination.

v An international Centre on CounterTerrorism which could promote theadoption, implementation andmonitoring of the short, medium andlong term measures set out in thecomprehensive strategy.

Other measures


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Other measures

v Knowing religion as your own

v

v Should keep a watch on madrassas

v

v There should be one educational

system giving equal opportunity andexposure to all

v

v In the long run, Pakistan cannot besaved until Pakistan's Muslims take

back the mosquesv

v Dialog between Shias and Sunnis

v

v Regular conference between ethnic

groups in Karachi

Other measures


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Other measures

v Dialog between Muslims and non-Muslims

v

v A drug jihad is needed

v

v Education of policev

v Better arms and equipment is needed

v

v Electronic surveillance equipment to

fight high-tech criminals

v

v A research and analysis wing of thepolice academy

Other measures


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Other measures

v Empowering Citizenry

v

v Independent Security Companies

v

v Better Law Schools

v

v Citizens' Task Force on Law & Order

v

v Protocol

President Zardari s Protocol

Measures Government of
http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/President%20Zardari%20Protocol%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/President%20Zardari%20Protocol%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4http://f/Desktop/pending%20work/yasmeen%20faisal/presentation/Vids/President%20Zardari%20Protocol%20[www.keepvid.com].mp4


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Pakistan can take

Government of Pakistan should:

v Strictly observe the Terroristorganizations.

vFederal Bureau Investigation(FBI)can be a main organization which

can easily observe the activities ofTerrorists.

v The real solution is to kill the root ofTerrorism and systematically.

v Military operations against terroristsare also very necessary.

v Education, Justice, Pour politics can


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implanting terrorism

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