immunogenetics chapter 22 select topics pp. 611-620
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Immunogenetics chapter 22 select topics pp. 611-620. Topic Outline. Overview of the Immune System 1 st and 2 nd lines of Defense The Immune System B cells The antibody & antibody diversity Vaccinations Breast Feeding Diagnostic applications T cells Allergies. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Immunogenetics
chapter 22
select topics
pp. 611-620
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Topic Outline Overview of the Immune System
1st and 2nd lines of Defense
The Immune System B cells The antibody & antibody diversity Vaccinations Breast Feeding Diagnostic applications T cells Allergies
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Immune System and Lymphoid Tissue
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Let’s take a look at the different types of Leukocytes
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Monocyte Neutrophil Eosinophil
Basophil Dendritic Cell Lymphocyte
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Epidermis
Mucosal lining of GI
Ciliated epithelium of respiratory tract
EXAMPLES FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE
Can by physical and chemical
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Second line of defense include the following processes:
Phagocytosis
Complement
Interferons
Inflammation
Pyrogens
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Phagocytosis
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Complement Cascade
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3rd line of defense“The Immune System”
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Summary Lines of Defense
INNATEACQUIRED
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Immune System
B cells
T cells
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Lymph nodes are contain high concentrations lymphocytes
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Let’s look more closely at the B lymphocytes
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B Cell: humoral or antibody mediated immunity
ANTIBODIES=IMMUNOGLOBULINS
Humoral Immunity
Matures in bone marrow Moves to lymph nodes (& other locations) Secretes antibodies “as plasma cell” Also creates “memory” B cells
B-lymphocyte
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CLONAL SELECTION
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Different classes of immunoglobulins or antibodies
IgM
IgG
IgA
IgDIgE
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Antibody Diversity How do we acquire so many different types of antibodies?
Somatic recombination
Junctional diversity
hypermutations
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Antibody genes are composed of segments
V J C
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Somatic Recombination
http://www.bio.davidson.edu/courses/Immunology/Flash/somaticrecomb.html
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How are vaccinations related to immunity?
Active and Passive
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Active Vaccinations: Antibody Production
Memory Cells!
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The next part gets tricky
Onto T Cells
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All T cells require cell to cell contact
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http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter24/animation__cytotoxic_t-cell_activity_against_target_cells__quiz_2_.html
CD8+ CD4+
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T Cells
VJC (D)
These are some of the General characteristics of the TCell receptor for antigen recognition.
+ D in the beta chain
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Cytotoxic T Cell and MHC I
Antigen presentation
CD8+ cell
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Cytotoxic T cell= CD8+
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Cytotoxic T cell= CD8+
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Tissue Transplantation MHC proteins differ between individuals
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The major histocompatibility complex
is a large group of genes on chromosome 6
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Helper T Cell and MHC II
Antigen presentation
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B lymphocytes source of
antibodiesOverview of T lymphocytes
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Cancer cell being attacked by cytotoxic T cells
After release of perforin
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Allergic Response I.
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Allergies
B cell also directly stimulated
IgE
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