ieee intel
DESCRIPTION
Presentation on Intel microprocessors till pentium seriesTRANSCRIPT
EVOLUTION OF MICROPROCESSORS
Intel 4004Intel 8008,8080, 8088
Intel 8086,8088, 80188
Intel 80186,80286, 80386,80486… Intel
Pentium Series
Intel Core Series
80186 MICROPROCESSORS
Features : The Intel 80186 was introduced in 1982. It was based on the Intel 8086.
The total addressable memory size is 1MB KB.
Processor instructions use 16-bit pointers the processor can effectively address only 64 KB of memory.
16 bit external data bus multiplexed with 20 bit address bus.
Clock generator Two independent high-speed DMA channels Programmable interrupt controller Three programmable 16-bit timers Programmable wait state generator Local bus controller Programmable memory and peripheral chip-select logic
Electrical Parameter :Core Voltage 5 ± 5% V
Minimum/Maximum Temperature
0 – 70 °C
Maximum Power Dissipation
2.75 W
On-Chip-Peripherals :
80286 MICROPROCESSOR
Features : The Intel 80286, introduced on February 1, 1982, (originally named 80286, and also called iAPX 286 in the programmer's manual) was an x86 16-bit microprocessor with 134,000 transistors.
16 MB of memory to be addressed by the on-chip linear memory management unit (MMU) with 1 GB logical address space.
The 80286 provided the first glimpse into the world of the protection mechanisms, allowing Real program multitasking. It has three times the performance of any other 16-bit chip on the market.
Description : Frequency 4 MHz. Manufacturing Process - 1.5 micron. Data width 16 bits. Physical memory – 1 MB (real mode), 16 MB (protected mode). Virtual Memory 1GB.
Electrical Parameter :Core Voltage 5 ± 5% V
Minimum/Maximum Temperature
0 – 70 °C
Maximum Power Dissipation
3.3 W
80386 MICROPROCESSORFeatures :
The Intel 80386, also known as the i386, or just 386, was a 32-bit microprocessor introduced by Intel in 1985.
It had 275,000 transistors and were used as the central processing unit (CPU) of many personal computers.
The 80386 added a 32-bit architecture and a paging translation unit, which made it much easier to implement virtual memory. It also had support for hardware debugging.
Description : Manufacturing process - 1.5 micron High speed CHMOS, 275,000 transistors. Data width – 32 bits. Physical Memory – 4 GB. Virtual Memory – 64 TB.
Core Voltage 5 ± 5% V
Minimum/Maximum Temperature
0 – 85°C
Maximum Power Dissipation
1.85 / 2.3 W
Electrical Parameter :
80486 MICROPROCESSORFeatures :
The Intel i486 (or 80486) was announced at Spring Comdex in April 1989.
The 80486 was the first tightly pipelined x86 design.
It use more than a million transistors, it represents a fourth generation of binary compatible CPUs.
It was 32-bit x86 design.
Description : Manufacturing process – 0.8 and 1 micron1,185,000 transistors (1 micron) and 900,000 transistors (0.8 micron). Data width – 32 bits. Level 1 cache size - 8 KB 4-way set associative unified code and data cache. Physical memory – 4 GB. Virtual Memory – 64 TB. On-chip peripherals - Memory management unit.
Electrical Parameter :Core Voltage 5 ± 5% V
Minimum/Maximum Temperature
0 – 85°C
Maximum Power Dissipation
1.7/ 2.36 W
PENTIUM IFeatures :
Intel's 5th generation of x86 line of processors. Binary compatible with older generations of x86 processors. Branch prediction. Dual processor support. Superscalar architecture (2 pipe-lined integer units + 1 pipe-lined FPU). FPU performance enhancements. Separate 16 KB code and 16 KB data cache. Power management features. 3.3V input/output level and 2.8V core.New 67 MMX instructions and 4 new 64 bit data types.
Description: Manufacturing Process - 0.35 micron CMOS process, 4.5 million transistors. Data Width – 32 (64 bit data bus) bit. Level 1 cache size - 16 KB 4-way set associative code cache, 16 KB 4-way set associative write-back data cache. Physical Memory – 4 GB. Multiprocessing - Up to 2 processors. Low power features - System Management Mode, Clock Control, SL power-management features. On-chip peripherals - Memory Management Unit, Local Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller. Minimum bus frequency is 33 MHz
Core Voltage 2.7 / 2.8 / 2.9 V
Min/Max V I/O or secondary Voltage
3.135 / 3.3 / 3.6 V
Minimum/Maximum operating temperature
0 – 70 °C
Minimum/Typical/Maximum power dissipation
2.05 (Stop Grant mode) / 6.1 / 15.72
Thermal Design Power 13.1
Electrical parameters :
PENTIUM IIFeatures :
The Pentium II brand refers to Intel's sixth-generation micro architecture and introduced on May 7, 1997. Pentium II featured an improved version of the first P6-generation core of the Pentium Pro, which contained 5.5 million transistors. the Pentium II CPU was packaged in a slot-based module rather than a CPU socket. The improved 16-bit performance and MMX support made it a better choice for consumer-level operating systems, such as Windows 9x. All versions of the Pentium II are packaged on a special daughterboard that plugs into a card-edge processor slot on the motherboard.
Description: Manufacturing process - 0.35 micron, 7.5 million transistors. Data Width – 32 bits. Data bus Width – 64 bits. Floating Point Unit – integrated. Level 1 cache size - 16 KB code, 16 KB data. Level 2 cache size - 512 KB unified cache running at 1/2 of processor frequency. Physical memory – 64 GB. Low power features – Auto HALT state, Stop Grant state, Sleep state, Deep sleep state.
Electrical parameters :Core Voltage 2.8 V
Maximum Temperature 75 °C
Maximum Power Dissipation
41.71 W
PENTIUM IIIFeatures : The Pentium III brand refers to Intel's 32-bit x86 desktop and mobile microprocessors based on the sixth-generation Intel P6 micro architecture introduced on February 26, 1999.
These Pentium III CPUs were packaged in SECC 2 package, plugged into Slot 1 connector, used the same 0.25 micron manufacturing technology.
It had Processor Serial Number, or PSN. Due to privacy concerns this feature was by default disabled on many motherboards.
Description: Manufacturing process - 0.25 micron, 9.5 million transistors. Data Width – 32 (64 bit Data bus) bit. Floating Point Unit – Integrated. Level 1 cache size - 16 KB instruction cache, 16 KB data cache. Level 2 cache size - Half-speed in-package 512 KB. MMX technology. SSE instructions. Low power features – Auto HALT state , Stop Grant state , Sleep state , Deep Sleep state , System Management Mode. Multiprocessing – Up to 2 processors.
Electrical parameters :Core Voltage 1.93 / 2 / 2.07 V
Maximum Temperature 5 - 90 °C
Maximum Power Dissipation
2.83 / 33.76 W
PENTIUM 4Features :
Intel Pentium 4 microprocessors were based on completely new Net Burst micro-architecture.
One of key features of Pentium 4 processor was Hyper-Pipelined Technology - 20-stage pipeline, that was two times longer than in previous generation of Pentium processors. Trace Execution Cache, Advanced Transfer Cache, Enhanced Branch prediction, Quad Data Rate bus and Hyper-Threading technology. have only one CPU core. Dual-core microprocessors based on Net
Burst micro architecture were branded as Pentium D.
Description:Manufacturing process – 0.13 micron CMOS technology55 million transistors. Data width – 32 bits. Floating Point Unit – Integrated. Level 1 cache size - Execution trace cache for up to 12K decoded micro-operations, 8 KB data cache. Level 2 cache size - 512 KB 8-way associative full-speed on-die cache. MMX, SSE, SEE 2. Low power features - System Management Mode, Auto-HALT mode, Stop Grant mode, Sleep mode .
Electrical parameters :Core Voltage 1.475 – 1.525 V
Maximum Temperature 5 – 70(1.5 V core), 5 - 71 °C
Maximum Power Dissipation
69.97(1.5 V core ), 72.5 W