ICZM indicators and their application to assess sustainable tourism

Françoise Breton

ETC-LUSI / UAB

Network of EDEN Destinations

Clonakilty District, Ireland, 25-26 February 2009

Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Indicators

• Done to support a policy: the EU ICZM Recommendation

• 1st EU ICZM Expert group with MS representatives settled in oct 2002 and set-up a Working Group on “indicators and data”.

• -... no ready-made method or experience to copy from

• - need of indicators to assess ICZM initiatives • - focus on use of indicators: simple, easy to build,

comprehensive• Product (2004):• A small set of 27 indicators, very useful to get an

integrated picture of the places and regions with respect to ICZM

• Agreed by the EU ICZM Expert Group• DEDUCE Interreg project (2004 2007)

Principles for indicator building

• Sustainability indicators linked to the aims of ICZM, as listed in the Recommendation follow these principles:– ecosystem based approach, for a sustainable use of

resources– sound coastal protection, including cultural heritage – climate change effects– sustainable economic/job opportunities– a functioning social and cultural system in local

communities and regions– Free access to the coast - for leisure – Quality of cultural/natural landscapes– cohesion to avoid marginal coastal settlements

• Principles aplicable to the building of indicators for EDEN destinations

Sustainable goals from the ICZM Recommendation

1. to control further development of undevelopped coast

2.To protect, enhance and celebrate cultural diversity; 3.To promote and support a dynamic coastal economy4. To ensure that beaches are clean and coastal

waters unpolluted5.To reduce social exclusionand promote social

cohesion in coastal communities6. To use natural resources wisely7. To recognise the threats to coastal zones posed by

climate change and to ensure appropriate and ecologically responsible coastal protection

The ICZM indicator list (1)www.deduce.eu

GOALS INDICATORS MEASUREMENT/DATA

The ICZM indicator list (2)

GOALS INDICATORS MEASUREMENT/DATA

The ICZM indicator list (3)

GOALS INDICATORS MEASUREMENT/DATA

Tourism: Second homes in Essex (UK), Pas de Calais (FR), W.Flanders (BE)

and Zeeland (NL)

Sustainable development and investments models: an example from

ICZM indicators

Map of the relationship between the percent of the young population and the percent of second and

holiday homes.

-2d Home and holliday houses are correlated with young jobs and residence in W. Flanders

-But other parameters explain young presence.

- Pas de Calais region has the higher level of young residence because of planning and investments in Technopols, summer universities (supporting cultural tourism activities)

-Tourism is included in other activities giving added value.

How these indicators can support sustainable tourism EDEN network?

ICZM is not only applicable to coast but to the territory in general:

• Is the ICZM conceptual framework useful for EDEN network?– Same principles ? Same Goals?– EDEN Indicators want to assess destination quality

management – EEA support the work of building a small set of sustainable

destination indicators– then they can be locally produced where comparable data

exist at the different destination sites – better to begin by a small set of indicators than can be

upgraded with time and experience– Easy to use by tourism sector

- Sust Tourism indicators should look all together at environmental, socio-economic and cultural developments (integrated view)

Relevant fluxes to be taken into account

Investments (from abroad, local)

Global context/Tour operators (USERS)

EDEN Destination

DPSIR approach for ST integrated framework concept

Response: management

State

Impacts

Impacts

Pressures

D

R

I

V

E

R

S

Sustainable Tourism indicators: some thoughts

• We collaborate in the building of indicators for tourism destination management:– need specific development

• Destination management can be a response also to manage global flows (Drivers, pressures,impacts) in an integrated territorial approach of global/local issues

Impacts are not only at destination !scales matters for a consistant EU tourism policy)• Destination indicators should measure natural capital and

ecosystem services in the places– Accounting framework measuring cost/benefits of assets and

flows (following DPSIR squeme)– -exchange and work with other sectors (agriculture, fisheries,

energy, environment, etc)__>to support other sectors involving tourism activities

-Sustainable tourism needs to be solidary between EU regions. How to manage from the destination point of view?

RELEVANT FOR EUROPE because these indicators describe the market share and opportunities (for investments, leisure,etc) among MS.

CCLN: Sustainable tourism accounting

• investments from abroad/local;

• Return of benefits on local population, on investors

• Management of ecosystem services – Maintenance of natural capital and cultural heritage, landscape and

water quality (agriculture,fisheries(provisioning),leasure and tourism(cultural), flood control, water auto-depuration (regulatory),

– Cost of amortization of environmental resources (eg.Cost of restauration when neded? Who pays? )

• Well being of local population (and users): job access and quality, incomes, health…

• Cultural heritage: keep traditional uses and local knowledge, avoid aculturation, need of solidarity (relations users/locals) (eg. Avoid “rich” tourism vs “poor” destinations)

• Local activity and global impacts (soil sealing, green house emissions)

Thank you!

• Thanks for your attention !

http://www.terrestrial.eionet.eu

francoise.breton@uab.cat